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in subjects: "motor vehicle accidents"

open access

Condition responsive truck rollover warning systems: Alternative system designs

Truck rollover is a serious highway safety problem, with consequences that make the occurrences important despite their relative infrequency. Truck accidents on urban freeways occur more frequently at interchange off-ramps that at any other location, accounting for about 5% of fatal truck accidents, according to accident statistics summarized in a study performed by Bellomo-McGee, Inc., for FHWA. Severe traffic disruption often results from truck rollover, and the severity of incidents can be s… more

Date: October 1, 1997

Creator: Stevens, S. & Richards, S.H.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Low-level radioactive waste transportation safety history

The Radioactive Materials Incident Report (RMIR) database was developed fin 1981 at the Transportation Technology Center of Sandia National Laboratories to support its research and development activities for the US department of Energy (DOE). This database contains information about radioactive material (RAM) transportation incidents that have occurred in the US since 1971. These data were drawn from the US Department of Transportation`s (DOT) Hazardous Materials Incident Report system, from Nu… more

Date: August 1, 1997

Creator: McClure, J.D.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Truck transport of RAM: Risk effects of avoiding metropolitan areas

In the transport of radioactive material (RAM), e.g., spent nuclear fuel (SNF), stakeholders are generally most concerned about risks in high population density areas along transportation routes because of the perceived high consequences of potential accidents. The most significant portions of a transcontinental route and an alternative examined previously were evaluated again using population density data derived from US Census Block data. This method of characterizing population that adjoins … more

Date: November 1, 1997

Creator: Mills, G.S. & Neuhauser, K.S.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Advanced Computational Simulation for Design and Manufacturing of Lightweight Material Components for Automotive Applications

Computational vehicle models for the analysis of lightweight material performance in automobiles have been developed through collaboration between Oak Ridge National Laboratory, the National Highway Transportation Safety Administration, and George Washington University. The vehicle models have been verified against experimental data obtained from vehicle collisions. The crashed vehicles were analyzed, and the main impact energy dissipation mechanisms were identified and characterized. Important… more

Date: April 1, 1997

Creator: Simunovic, S.; Aramayo, G. A.; Zacharia, T.; Toridis, T. G.; Bandak, F. & Ragland, C. L.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

DASCAR sensor suite and video data system

A research program oriented toward the development of a portable data acquisition system for crash avoidance research has been conducted. This paper discusses the background to the project and the requirements for the data acquisition system. it also provides a brief system overview and describes two of the system`s five major elements, the sensor suite and the video data system, in detail. Components, functions, and specifications are covered Finally the paper addresses the central data collec… more

Date: December 31, 1996

Creator: Carter, R. J.; Barickman, F. S. & Goodman, M. J.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Feasibility of developing a portable driver performance data acquisition system for human factors research: Design specifications. Volume 3

A two-phase, multi-year research program entitled ``development of a portable driver performance data acquisition system for human factors research was recently completed. The primary objective of the project was to develop a portable data acquisition system for crash avoidance research (DASCAR) that will allow driver performance data to be collected using a large variety of vehicle types and that would be capable of being installed on a given vehicle type within a relatively short-time frame. … more

Date: January 1998

Creator: Carter, R. J. & Barickman, F. S.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

In-vehicle signing concepts: An analytical precursor to an in-vehicle information system

The purpose of the project described in this report is to develop alternative In-Vehicle Signing (IVS) system concepts based on allocation of the functions associated with driving a road vehicle. In the driving milieu, tasks can be assigned to one of three agents, the driver, the vehicle or the infrastructure. Assignment of tasks is based on a philosophy of function allocation which can emphasize any of several philosophical approaches. In this project, function allocations were made according … more

Date: April 1, 1996

Creator: Spelt, P. F.; Tufano, D. R. & Knee, H. E.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Overview hazard analysis for the H2Fuel Bus Program

The H2Fuel Bus project is a joint development effort to produce a safe, near-zero emission, 32 passenger bus that is propelled by electric power with continuous on-board hydrogen powered battery recharging. A key initiative in the hydrogen bus development effort is a rigorous evaluation of operational safety. Westinghouse Savannah River Co., the prime contractor at the Department of Energy`s Savannah River Site, has developed a hazard analysis methodology designed to provide a systematic, compr… more

Date: June 18, 1996

Creator: Hovis, G.L.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Emergency response to a highway accident in Springfield, Massachusetts, on December 16, 1991

On December 16, 1991, a truck carrying unirradiated (fresh) nuclear fuel was involved in an accident on US Interstate 91, in Springfield, Massachusetts. This report describes the emergency response measures undertaken by local, State, Federal, and private parties. The report also discusses ``lessons learned`` from the response to the accident and suggests areas where improvements might be made.

Date: June 1, 1992

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Lower extremity finite element model for crash simulation

A lower extremity model has been developed to study occupant injury mechanisms of the major bones and ligamentous soft tissues resulting from vehicle collisions. The model is based on anatomically correct digitized bone surfaces of the pelvis, femur, patella and the tibia. Many muscles, tendons and ligaments were incrementally added to the basic bone model. We have simulated two types of occupant loading that occur in a crash environment using a non-linear large deformation finite element code.… more

Date: March 1, 1996

Creator: Schauer, D. A. & Perfect, S. A.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Motor carrier safety evaluation conducted at University of California, Los Alamos National Laboratory (UC/LANL), Los Alamos, NM

The U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration (DOT) conducts motor carrier safety evaluations for the purpose of determining a motor carrier`s safety fitness rating. Because it was believed that DOT or the State of New Mexico may not recognize UC/LANL exempt status and desire to inspect its transportation system and evaluate compliance with applicable laws and regulations, the lab contracted Garrison Associates to conduct a simulated motor carrier safety evaluation. This … more

Date: November 1, 1992

Creator: Garrison, R. F.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Feasibility of developing a portable driver performance data acquisition system for human factors research: Technical tasks. Volume 1

A two-phase, multi-year research program entitled ``development of a portable driver performance data acquisition system for human factors research`` was recently completed. The primary objective of the project was to develop a portable data acquisition system for crash avoidance research (DASCAR) that will allow drive performance data to be collected using a large variety of vehicle types and that would be capable of being installed on a given vehicle type within a relatively short-time frame.… more

Date: January 1, 1998

Creator: Carter, R. J.; Barickman, F. S.; Spelt, P. F.; Schmoyer, R. L. & Kirkpatrick, J. R.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Estimating vehicle roadside encroachment frequency using accident prediction models

The existing data to support the development of roadside encroachment- based accident models are extremely limited and largely outdated. Under the sponsorship of the Federal Highway Administration and Transportation Research Board, several roadside safety projects have attempted to address this issue by providing rather comprehensive data collection plans and conducting pilot data collection efforts. It is clear from the results of these studies that the required field data collection efforts w… more

Date: July 1, 1996

Creator: Miaou, S.-P.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

In-vehicle signing functions of an in-vehicle information system

The definition of In-Vehicle Signing (IVS) functions was guided by the principles of traffic engineering as they apply to the design and placement of roadway signs. Because of the dynamic and active nature of computing, communications, and display technology, IVS can fulfill the signing principles of traffic engineering in ways that have been impossible with conventional signage. Current signing technology represents a series of compromises of these principles, especially the data and equations… more

Date: April 1, 1996

Creator: Tufano, D. R.; Knee, H. E. & Spelt, P. F.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Longitudinal review of state-level accident statistics for carriers of interstate freight

State-level accident rates by mode of freight transport have been developed and refined for application to the US Department of Energy`s (DOE`s) environmental mitigation program, which may involve large-quantity shipments of hazardous and mixed wastes from DOE facilities. These rates reflect multi-year data for interstate-registered highway earners, American Association of Railroads member carriers, and coastal and internal waterway barge traffic. Adjustments have been made to account for the s… more

Date: March 1, 1994

Creator: Saricks, C. & Kvitek, T.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

RADTRAN/RADCAT user guide.

RADTRAN is a program and code for calculating the risks of transporting radioactive materials. The first versions of the program, RADTRAN I and II, were developed for NUREG-0170 (USNRC, 1977), the first environmental impact statement on transportation of radioactive materials. RADTRAN and its associated software have undergone a number of improvements and advances consistent with improvements in computer technology.

Date: June 1, 2007

Creator: O'Donnell, Brandon M. (University of Michigan); Hinojosa, Daniel; Weiner, Ruth F.; Heames, Terence John (Alion Science, Inc.); Orcutt, David J. (University of Michigan) & Mills, George Scott

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Crashworthiness simulations with DYNA3D

Current progress in parallel algorithm research and applications in vehicle crash simulation is described for the explicit, finite element algorithms in DYNA3D. Problem partitioning methods and parallel algorithms for contact at material interfaces are the two challenging algorithm research problems that are addressed. Two prototype parallel contact algorithms have been developed for treating the cases of local and arbitrary contact. Demonstration problems for local contact are crashworthiness … more

Date: April 1, 1996

Creator: Schauer, D. A.; Hoover, C. G.; Kay, G. J.; Lee, A. S. & De Groot, A. J.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Routine methods for post-transportation accident recovery of spent fuel casks

Spent fuel casks and other large radioactive material packages have been examined to determine whether the designs are adequate to allow the casks to be recovered using conventional recovery methods following a transportation accident. Casks and similar packages are typically designed with, and handled by, trunnions that support the package during transport. These trunnions are considered the best cask feature with which to grapple the cask once it is no longer in its usual shipping mode. Follo… more

Date: December 31, 1991

Creator: Shappert, L. B.; Pope, R. B.; Best, R. E. & Jones, R. H.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

captions transcript

[News Clip: Car in lake VO]

Video footage from the KXAS-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, to accompany a news story. This story aired at 10 P.M.

Date: June 12, 1988

Duration: 54 seconds

Creator: KXAS-TV (Television station : Fort Worth, Tex.)

Item Type: Video

Partner: UNT Libraries Special Collections

open access

A statistical description of the types and severities of accidents involving tractor semi-trailers

This report provides a statistical description of the types and severities of tractor semi-trailer accidents involving at least one fatality. The data were developed for use in risk assessments of hazardous materials transportation. Several accident databases were reviewed to determine their suitability to the task. The TIFA (Trucks Involved in Fatal Accidents) database created at the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute was extensively utilized. Supplementary data on collis… more

Date: June 1, 1994

Creator: Clauss, D. B.; Wilson, R. K.; Blower, D. F. & Campbell, K. L.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Feasibility of a driver performance data acquisition system

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) envisions many future situations in which the effectiveness and consequences of new intelligent vehicle-highway systems technologies will need to be studied in actual production vehicles. Such studies will enable evaluations in vehicles which are familiar to drivers. These studies would be future enhanced by the availability of an instrumentation package that can be easily installed in these vehicles to enable specific vehicle configura… more

Date: June 1, 1994

Creator: Carter, R. J.; Spelt, P. F. & Goodman, M. J.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Highway crash rates and age-related driver limitations: Literature review and evaluation of data bases

American society is undergoing a major demographic transformation that is resulting in a larger proportion of older individuals in the population. Moreover, recent travel surveys show that an increasing number of older individuals are licensed to drive and that they drive more than their same age cohort a decade ago. However, they continue to take shorter trips than younger drivers and they avoid driving during congested hours. This recent demographic transformation in our society, the graying … more

Date: August 1, 1993

Creator: Hu, P. S.; Young, J. R. & Lu, An

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Defense Programs Transportation Risk Assessment

This paper provides an overview of the methodology used in a probabilistic transportation risk assessment conducted to assess the probabilities and consequences of inadvertent dispersal of radioactive materials arising from severe transportation accidents. The model was developed for the Defense Program Transportation Risk Assessment (DPTRA) study. The analysis incorporates several enhancements relative to previous risk assessments of hazardous materials transportation including newly-developed… more

Date: August 1, 1994

Creator: Clauss, D. B.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Probabilistic assessment of spent fuel shipping cask response to severe transportation accident conditions. Report summary

The licensing of commercial nuclear spent shipping casks in the United States is regulated by 10CFR71. In order to be licensed, casks must be designed not to fail under hypothetical test conditions specified in Appendix B of this regulation. Questions have been raised about the suitability of these tests in simulating actual transportation accident conditions. Our study addresses the adequacy of current regulations by comparing real-world accident conditions with regulatory test specifications … more

Date: January 1, 1985

Creator: Fischer, L.E.; Kimura, C.Y. & Witte, M.C.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department