33 Matching Results

Search Results

open access

The LANL/LLNL/AFTAC Black Thunder Coal Mine regional mine monitoring experiment

Cast blasting operations associated with near surface coal recovery provide relatively large explosive sources that generate regional seismograms of interest in monitoring a Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT). This paper describes preliminary results of a series of experiments currently being conducted at the Black Thunder Coal Mine in northeast Wyoming as part of the DOE CTBT Research and Development Program. These experiments are intended to provide an integrated set of near-source and regi… more

Date: September 1, 1995

Creator: Pearson, D.C.; Stump, B.W.; Baker, D.F. & Edwards, C.L.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Utilization of near-source video and ground motion in the assessment of seismic source functions from mining explosions

Constraint of the operative physical processes in the source region of mining explosions and the linkage to the generation of seismic waveforms provides the opportunity for controlling ground motion. Development of these physical models can also be used in conjunction with the ground motion data as diagnostics of blasting efficiency. In order to properly address the multi-dimensional aspect of data sets designed to constrain these sources, we are investigating a number of modem visualization to… more

Date: April 1, 1995

Creator: Stump, B.W. & Anderson, D.P.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Calibration of seismic wave propagation in Jordan

The Natural Resources Authority of Jordan (NRA), the USGS and LLNL have a collaborative project to improve the calibration of seismic propagation in Jordan and surrounding regions. This project serves common goals of CTBT calibration and earthquake hazard assessment in the region. These objectives include accurate location of local and regional earthquakes, calibration of magnitude scales, and the development of local and regional propagation models. In the CTBT context, better propagation mode… more

Date: July 23, 1999

Creator: Al-Husien, A.; Amrat, A.; Harris, D.; Mayeda, K.; Nakanishi, K.; Rodgers, A. et al.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Comparison of Single-Fired and Delay-Fired Explosions at Regional and Local Distances,

A wide range of blasting practices are utilized by the U.S. mining industry resulting in dramatically different local and regional seismic signatures. This variability in blasting and resulting seismograms suggests that no single discriminant may be appropriate for identifying this class of sources. A range of blasting styles are identified in this paper and the distinguishing characteristics at regional distances are determined. The blasting styles are quantified with the help of mining compan… more

Date: December 1997

Creator: Stump, B. W.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Regional observations of mining blasts by the GSETT-3 seismic monitoring system

The cessation of testing of any nuclear explosive devices in all environments is the goal of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty. In order to assure compliance with such a treaty, an international monitoring system has been proposed. This system will include seismic, infrasound, hydroacoustic and radionuclide monitors located throughout the world. The goal of this system is the detection of any nuclear test. In preparation for this treaty, a series of monitoring system tests, focusing primarily o… more

Date: December 31, 1996

Creator: Stump, B.W. & Pearson, D.C.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Challenges for mining explosion identification under a Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty: Quantification of the problem and discussion of synergetic solutions

Seismic networks provide the primary technology for monitoring compliance with a comprehensive test ban treaty. The design goal of the network is the identification of possibly clandestine explosions detonated below the earth`s surface and possible in the oceans. Complementary technologies such as infrasonic, hydroacoustic and radionuclide monitoring supplement the seismic monitoring covering explosions in the atmosphere and oceans. This paper will focus on the problems or ambiguities that can … more

Date: November 1, 1994

Creator: Stump, B. W.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Utilization of near-source video and ground motion in the assessment of seismic source functions from mining explosions

Identification of seismic events detected under a Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty requires a clear physical understanding of the different types of seismic sources including mining explosions, rock bursts, mine collapse and small, shallow earthquakes. Constraint of the operative physical processes in the source region and linkage to the generation of seismic waveforms with particular emphasis on regional seismograms is needed. In order to properly address the multi-dimensional aspect of data sets… more

Date: September 1, 1994

Creator: Anderson, D. P. & Stump, B. W.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Historical Summary of Coal-Mine Explosions in the United States, 1810-1958

Purpose of Review: "The purpose of this review is to relate the growth of explosion hazards to the increased number and size of the coal mines and the changes in mining methods. The causes of explosions during each period of years are discussed to show progress or its lack in controlling or eliminating different causes."

Date: 1960

Creator: Humphrey, H. B.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Explosion Hazards in Storage-Battery Rooms

Report issued by the Bureau of Mines discussing the safety and explosion hazards present in storage-battery rooms. Descriptions of storage-battery rooms and methods of ventilation are presented. This report includes tables, illustrations, and photographs.

Date: 1940

Creator: Jones, G. W.; Campbell, John; Dillon, R. E. & Benson, O. B.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

SOURCE PHENOMENOLOGY EXPERIMENTS IN ARIZONA

The Arizona Source Phenomenology Experiments (SPE) have resulted in an important dataset for the nuclear monitoring community. The 19 dedicated single-fired explosions and multiple delay-fired mining explosions were recorded by one of the most densely instrumented accelerometer and seismometer arrays ever fielded, and the data have already proven useful in quantifying confinement and excitation effects for the sources. It is very interesting to note that we have observed differences in the phen… more

Date: September 30, 2005

Creator: Bonner, Jessie L.; Stump, Brian; Leidig, Mark; Hooper, Heather; Yang, Xiaoning (David); Zhou, Rongmao et al.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Coal-Mine Explosions in Ohio: 1874-1936

Report issued by the U.S. Bureau of Mines discussing coal mine explosions in Ohio between 1874 and 1936. The number of explosions and fatalities are presented. The causes of mine explosions are discussed as well. This report includes tables.

Date: October 1937

Creator: Owings, C. W.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Coal-Mine Explosions and Coal- and Metal-Mine Fires in the United States During the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1943

Report issued by the U.S. Bureau of Mines discussing coal mine fires and explosions during the fiscal year of 1943. Causes of the fires and explosions are presented, as well as the number of fatalities from each. This report includes tables, and illustrations.

Date: February 1944

Creator: Harrington, D. & Fene, W. J.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

A Mining/Contained Explosion Source Phenomenology Experiment to Improve Nuclear Test Monitoring

We propose an experiment to investigate the similarities and differences in source phenomenology and regional seismic discriminant behavior between normal production mining explosions and fully contained nuclear tests. The experiment would consist of a minimum of two large, nearly co-located explosions, which would be recorded at regional distances: (1) a normal delay fired production mining explosion, and (2) a single chemical explosion contained and buried at underground nuclear test depth.

Date: January 13, 2000

Creator: Walter, W. R.; Denny, M.; Pearson, C. & Myers, S.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Status report on method and results for new discriminants and combinations of discriminants for different ranges

A number of discriminants have been developed for seismic monitoring. These include the Ms-mb discriminant which measures differences in surface and body wave magnitudes (e.g., Marshall and Basham, 1972), short period P to S wave amplitude ratio discriminants (e.g., Blandford, 1981) and spectral ratios discriminants (e.g., Murphy and Bennett, 1982). Unfortunately, existing discrimination capabilities are insufficient to meet the needs that will be required by a comprehensive test ban treaty (CT… more

Date: April 7, 1995

Creator: Goldstein, P.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Ground Truth Collection for Mining Explosions in Northern Fennoscandia and Russia

Analysis of data from our deployments and ground truth collection in northern Fennoscandia and northwestern Russia shows systematic variations in the P/S ratios of different types of explosions. The fact that this fundamental discriminant varies with firing practice is not in itself surprising - such variations probably contribute to the spread in P/S ratios normally observed for ripple-fired explosions. However, the nature of the variations is sometimes counterintuitive. Last year [Harris, 200… more

Date: July 15, 2004

Creator: Harris, D.; Ringdal, F.; Kremenetskaya, E.; Mykkeltveit, S.; Rock, D. E.; Schweitzer, J. et al.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Data from deployment of temporary seismic stations in northern Norway and Finland

This short contribution is a description of data now available in NORSAR's data archives from a temporary deployment during 2002-2004 of six seismic stations in northern Norway and Finland. Explosions in underground as well as open-pit mines in the Khibiny massif of the Kola Peninsula of northwestern Russia are conducted on a frequent and relatively regular basis. It was decided to supplement the network of permanent stations in northern Fennoscandia and northwest Russia with temporarily deploy… more

Date: February 11, 2005

Creator: Maercklin, N; Mykkeltveit, S; Schweitzer, J; Harris, D B & Rock, D W

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Waveform correlation methods for identifying populations of calibration events

An approach for systematically screening large volumes of continuous data for repetitive events identified as mining explosions on basis of temporal and amplitude population characteristics. The method extends event clustering through waveform correlation with a new source-region-specific detector. The new signal subspace detector generalizes the matched filter and can be used to increase the number of events associated with a given cluster, thereby increasing the reliability of diagnostic clus… more

Date: July 1, 1997

Creator: Harris, D. B.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

LLNL on-site inspection research project: A progress report

We have been developing four specific technology areas that could be used during on-site inspections under a comprehensive test ban treaty: aftershock monitoring, noble gas monitoring, electromagnetic pulse monitoring, and overhead imagery detection of disturbed ground. Our investigation of aftershocks has shown that the low-frequency aftershocks that have been observed after nuclear tests at the Nevada Test Site are also associated with certain kinds of mining operations such as block caving. … more

Date: July 1, 1995

Creator: Zucca, J. J.; Carrigan, C.; Schultz, C.; Smith, A.; Sweeney, J. & Pickles, W.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Regional Seismic Signals from Chemical Explosions, Nuclear Explosions and Earthquakes: Results from the Arizona Source Phenomenology Experiment

Routine industrial mining explosions play two important roles in seismic nuclear monitoring research: (1) they are a source of background events that need to be discriminated from potential nuclear explosions; (2) as some of the only explosions occurring in the current de facto global moratoria on nuclear testing, their signals should be exploited to improve the calibration of seismic m monitoring systems. A common issue monitoring arising in both of these roles is our limited physical understa… more

Date: September 2, 2005

Creator: Walter, W R; Gok, R; Mayeda, K; Sicherman, A; Bonner, J & Leidig, M

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Source and path corrections, feature selection, and outlier detection applied to regional event discrimination in China

The authors are investigating techniques to improve regional discrimination performance in uncalibrated regions. These include combined source and path corrections, spatial path corrections, path-specific waveguide corrections to construct frequency-dependent amplitude corrections that remove attenuation, corner frequency scaling, and source region/path effects (such as blockages). The spatial method and the waveguide method address corrections for specific source regions and along specific pat… more

Date: March 1, 1999

Creator: Hartse, H. E.; Taylor, S. R.; Phillips, W. S. & Velasco, A. A.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

The Unique Source Mechanism of an Explosively Induced Mine Collapse

Mining explosions and collapses, in addition to earthquakes, may trigger the future Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) monitoring system. Most naturally occurring mine collapses have source mechanisms similar to a closing void which might provide a physical basis to discriminate them from explosions. In this study, an explosively induced mine collapse is investigated. The collapse occurred immediately after the support pillars of an underground mine opening were destroyed by explosives. We es… more

Date: December 31, 1997

Creator: Yang, Xiaoning, Stump, B.W., Phillips, W.S.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Large mining blasts from the Kursk Mining Region, Russia

Monitoring the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) by seismic means will require identification of seismic sources at magnitude levels where industrial explosions (primarily, mining blasts) may comprise a significant fraction of the total number of events recorded, and may for some countries dominate the seismicity. Thus, data on blasting practice have both political significance for the negotiation of treaties involving seismic monitoring of nuclear tests, and operational applications… more

Date: January 1, 1997

Creator: Leith, W.; Adushkin, V. & Spivak, A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Stochastic source comparisons between nuclear and chemical explosions detonated at Rainier Mesa, Nevada Test Site

The focus of this study is the understanding of the time function effects for chemical and nuclear explosion sources detonated in a spherical geometry. Information developed here in combination with similar studies for earthquakes and mining explosions will be used to improve current discriminants, address the transportability of the discriminants to new regions and suggest new discriminants utilizing current data sources. The quantification of the seismic source time function for nuclear and c… more

Date: July 1, 1994

Creator: Stump, B. W.; Pearson, D. C. & Reinke, R. E.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Design and utilization of a portable seismic/acoustic calibration system

Empirical results from the current GSETT-3 illustrate the need for source specific information for the purpose of calibrating the monitoring system. With the specified location design goal of 1,000 km{sup 2}, preliminary analysis indicates the importance of regional calibration of travel times. This calibration information can be obtained in a passive manner utilizing locations derived from local seismic array arrival times and assumes the resulting locations are accurate. Alternatively, an act… more

Date: October 1, 1996

Creator: Stump, B.W. & Pearson, D.C.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department