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in subjects: "Scintillation Counters"

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Some recent developments in nuclear charged particle detectors

The latest developments of large-area, position sensitive gas-filled ionization chambers are described. Multi-wire-proportional chambers as position-sensing and parallel-plate-avalanche counters as time-sensing detectors at low pressure (5 torr) have proven to be useful and reliable instruments in heavy ion physics. Gas (proportional) scintillation counters, used mainly for x-ray spectroscopy, have recently been applied as particle detectors. Finally, a brief description of a large plastic scin… more

Date: August 1, 1980

Creator: Stelzer, H.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Proposal to assemble a high resolution-electron sensitive-energy flow calorimeter in the NEULAND spectrometer

A ..gamma.. catcher and a liquid scintillation calorimeter module in a simple configuration that is well suited to the investigation of several different neutrino induced processes are described. The variety of neutrino beams now available at Fermilab and synchrotron intensity and energy together with the high resolution calorimeter allow a multiplicity of experiments to be carried out with a single detector configuration.

Date: January 1, 1977

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Optical fibers and avalanche photodiodes for scintillator counters

Fine hodoscopes can be made of new scintillating optical fibers and one half inch end-on PMT's. An avalanche photodiode with small size and immunity to magnetic fields remains as a tempting new device to be proven as a photodetector for the fibers.

Date: January 1, 1980

Creator: Borenstein, S R; Palmer, R B & Strand, R C

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Computer-Controlled System for Rapid Soil Analysis of /sup 226/Ra

A computer-controlled multichannel analysis system has been developed by the Radiological Survey Activities Group at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) for the Department of Energy (DOE) in support of the DOE's remedial action programs. The purpose of this system is to provide a rapid estimate of the /sup 226/Ra concentration in soil samples using a 6 x 9-in. NaI(Tl) crystal containing a 3.25-in. deep by 3.5-in. diameter well. This gamma detection system is controlled by a mini-computer with … more

Date: January 1, 1984

Creator: Doane, R. W.; Berven, B. A. & Blair, M. S.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Measurement of Inclusive Eta Production in e/sup +/e/sup -/ Interactions Near Charm Threshold

The inclusive cross section for eta production in e/sup +/e/sup -/ interactions near charm threshold was measured by use of the Crystal Ball detector at SPEAR. By comparison of the inclusive eta production above and below charm threshold the following limits were obtained: R(e/sup +/e/sup -/ ..-->.. F anti FX)BR(F ..-->.. eta x) < 0.3 (90% C.L., E/sub cm/ < 4.5 GeV); BR(D ..-->.. eta x) < 0.13 (90% C.L., averaged over charged and neutral D components of the psi''). 4 figures, 1 table.

Date: August 1, 1980

Creator: Porter, F. C.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Liquid scintillators for optical-fiber applications

A multicomponent liquid scintillator solution for use as a radiation-to-light converter in conjunction with a fiber optic transmission system. The scintillator includes a quantity of 1, 2, 4, 5, 3H, 6H, 1 OH, tetrahydro-8-trifluoromethyl (1) benzopyrano (9, 9a, 1-gh) quinolizin-10-one (Coumarin) as a solute in a fluor solvent such as benzyl alcohol or pseudo-cumene. The use of BIBUQ as an additional or primary solute is also disclosed.

Date: June 1, 1981

Creator: Franks, L. A. & Lutz, S. S.

Item Type: Patent

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Preliminary results from collisions between 3. 2-TeV /sup 16/O and target nuclei of C, Cu, and Au

We have presented preliminary WA80 data from interactions of /sup 16/O with C, Cu, and Au at 60 and 200 GeVnucleon. These have included total charged-particle multiplicity distributions and transverse energy distributions. Ranges of transverse momentum per particle and of possible energy densities were discussed. Some of the unique features of WA80 were stressed. These are: complete coverage of the target rapidity region, complete coverage of charged-particle multiplicity measurement, and measu… more

Date: January 1, 1987

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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High-resolution neutron transmission measurements on /sup 235/U, /sup 239/Pu, and /sup 238/U

High-resolution transmission measurements have been made on three sample thicknesses of both /sup 235/U and /sup 239/Pu at liquid nitrogen temperature and also on three of /sup 238/U at room temperature using neutrons from the water-moderated ORELA target. The data on /sup 235/U and /sup 239/Pu from 1 to 10,000 eV were obtained using /sup 6/Li glass scintillation detectors at 17.909-and 80.394-m flight paths. The /sup 238/U data from 1 to 100 keV were obtained using a new NE 110 proton-recoil s… more

Date: January 1, 1988

Creator: Harvey, J.A.; Hill, N.W.; Perey, F.G.; Tweed, G.L. & Leal, L.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Recent developments in positron emission tomography (PET) instrumentation

This paper presents recent detector developments and perspectives for positron emission tomography (PET) instrumentation used for medical research, as well as the physical processes in positron annihilation, photon scattering and detection, tomograph design considerations, and the potentials for new advances in detectors. 117 refs., 4 figs., 4 tabs.

Date: April 1, 1986

Creator: Derenzo, S.E. & Budinger, T.F.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Remote Working Level Monitor. Final report

The Remote Working Level Monitor (RWLM) is an instrument used to remotely monitor the RN-daughter concentrations and the Working Level (WL). It is an ac powered, microprocessor based instrument which multiplexes two independent detector units to a single central processor unit (CPU). The CPU controls the actuation of the detector units and processes and outputs the data received from these remote detector units. The remote detector units are fully automated and require no manual operation once … more

Date: November 18, 1977

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Use of hodoscopes at ISABELLE

A major problem for experimenters designing detectors for use at ISABELLE is the high interaction rate, one event every 25 nanoseconds at a luminosity of 10/sup 33/ cm/sup -2/ sec/sup -1/. Typical multiplicities range from a few at large angles (> approximately 45/sup 0/) to approximately 10 nearer the forward direction. This implies average rates as high as a particle every few nanoseconds. For experiments which require high luminosities, detectors must be designed which have very short (appro… more

Date: January 1, 1977

Creator: Alspector, J. & Miller, R. J.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Outlook for studies of gamma-gamma collisions at PEP

A preview of the two-photon physics that can be expected to result from the initial PEP program is presented. The experimental detectors are discussed with emphasis placed on their capabilities and limitations to do studies of gamma-gamma interactions. 7 figures, 1 table.

Date: June 1, 1980

Creator: Burke, D.L.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Uranium scintillator calorimeter at the CERN ISR

The design, Monte Carlo studies and test beam results of a uranium/scintillator calorimeter to be installed in the Intersecting Storage Ring (ISR) at CERN are described. In its final stage the calorimeter will cover the full azimuth over a polar region of 45/sup 0/ < theta < 135/sup 0/. The full calorimeter is built in a modular way from 128 stacks, with each stack internally subdivided into six cells of 20 x 20 cm/sup 2/ cross section. The readout is by wavelength shifting (WLS) plates w… more

Date: January 1, 1980

Creator: Gordon, H; Killian, T & Ludlam, T

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Comparison of Calculated and Experimental Neutron Attenuation and Streaming Data for Fusion Reactor Design

Integral experiments that measure the neutron and gamma-ray energy spectra resulting from the attenuation of approx. 14 MeV T(D,n)/sup 4/He reaction neutrons in laminated slabs of stainless steel type 304, borated polyethylene, and a tungsten alloy (Hevimet) and from neutrons streaming through a 30-cm-diameter iron duct (L/D = 3) imbedded in a concrete shield have been performed at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The facility, NE-213 liquid scintillator detector system, and experimental tech… more

Date: January 1, 1980

Creator: Santoro, R. T.; Alsmiller, R. G., Jr.; Barnes, J. M. & Chapman, G. T.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Thick Target Neutron Yields and Spectra From the Li(d,xn) Reaction at 35 Mev

Measurements were performed using a 35 MeV deuteron beam from the isochronous cyclotron at the University of California at Davis. Data were obtained using the time-of-flight technique with an NE213 liquid scintillator. One set of measurements was used to observe the neutron spectrum from approx. 1 MeV to approx. 50 MeV, the maximum kinematically allowed energy. Observation angles were from 0/sup 0/ to 150/sup 0/ with emphasis on forward angles. Spectral data below approx. 1.5 MeV had poor accur… more

Date: May 1, 1980

Creator: Johnson, D. L.; Mann, F. M.; Watson, J. W.; Brady, F. P.; Ullmann, J. L.; Romero, J. L. et al.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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High-efficiency photoionization detector

A high efficiency photoionization detector using tetraaminoethylenes in a gaseous state having a low ionization potential and a relative photoionization cross section which closely matches the emission spectrum of xenon gas. Imaging proportional counters are also disclosed using the novel photoionization detector of the invention. The compound of greatest interest is TMAE which comprises tetrakis(dimethylamino)ethylene which has a measured ionization potential of 5.36 +- 0.02 eV, and a vapor pr… more

Date: May 12, 1981

Creator: Anderson, D.F.

Item Type: Patent

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Status of the expansion of the CYGNUS array at Los Alamos

The CYGNUS air shower array, located in Los Alamos, New Mexico, has been operating since April, 1986. The expansion of the array from 108 to 200 counters is described along with the increase in muon detection area. The new array, to be fully operational by the end of 1989, will have three times the sensitivity to UHE sources. 5 refs., 2 figs.

Date: January 1, 1989

Creator: Berley, D.; Chang, C. Y.; Dingus, B. L.; Goodman, J. A.; Haines, T. J.; Stark, M. et al.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Radiological and Environmental Research Division, Center for Human Radiobiology. Annual report, July 1980-June 1981. [Lead abstract]

Separate abstracts were prepared for the 22 papers of this annual report of the Center for Human Radiobiology. Abstracts were not written for 2 appendices which contain data on the exposure and radium-induced malignancies of 2259 persons whose radium content has been determined at least once. (KRM)

Date: March 1, 1982

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Data acquisition system for the HHIRF spin spectrometer

The Spin Spectrometer at the Holifield Heavy Ion Research Facility (HHIRF) is a multidetector ..gamma..-ray spectrometer consisting of 72 separate NaI detector elements closely packed in a 4..pi.. geometry. The basic apparatus was constructed at Washington University and has been installed and implemented at the HHIRF at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The spectrometer was designed especially for the investigation of the mechanisms of heavy-ion induced nuclear reactions and of the structure of n… more

Date: May 28, 1981

Creator: Hensley, D.C.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Si(Li)-NaI(Tl) sandwich detector array for measurements of trace radionuclides in soil samples

An ultra-sensitive x-/..gamma..-ray detector system for assaying trace radioactivity in actinide contaminated soil and ash samples has been developed. The new system consists of an array of 6 large Si(Li) x-ray detectors sensitive on both faces and mounted on edge in a paddle-shaped cryostat with a 14 cm dia Be window on each side. The paddle, with a sample of the soil placed at each window, is sandwiched between 2 large NaI(Tl) scintillators which suppress the ..gamma.. background. With x rays… more

Date: January 1, 1985

Creator: Strauss, M. G.; Sherman, I. S.; Roche, C. T. & Pehl, R. H.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Scintillator spent fuel monitor

A monitor for rapidly measuring the gross gamma-ray flux immediately above spent fuel assemblies in underwater storage racks has been developed. It consists of a plastic scintillator, photomultiplier, collimator, and a small battery-powered electronics package. The crosstalk from an isolated fuel assembly to an adjacent void is only about 2%. The mean difference between the measured gamma-ray flux and the flux estimated from the declared burnup and cooling time with a simple formula is 22%.

Date: January 1, 1980

Creator: Moss, C. E.; Nixon, K. V. & Bernard, W.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Comparison of gamma densitometer detectors used in loss of coolant studies

Ionization chamber type gamma detectors are used in water-steam density measurements in loss of coolant studies at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Ionization chambers have replaced current-mode scintillation detectors to obtain stability and freedom from magnetic field interference. However, this change results in some loss of fast transient response. Results of studies comparing the transient response of ionization chamber detectors, plastic scintillation detectors, and sodium iodide (NaI) dete… more

Date: January 1, 1979

Creator: Shipp, R.L.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Fragmentation and flow in central collisions

Investigation of the fragmentation mechanism requires the measurement of complicated observables. To identify what part of the reacting system gives rise to the fragments, it would be useful to tag them as participants or spectators. A large acceptance for all the reaction products and an event-by-event measurement of the fragment multiplicity is required to distinguish fragment formation via sequential emission from a large equilibrated system and multifragmentation. In order to address whethe… more

Date: January 1, 1987

Creator: Jacak, B. V.; Doss, K. G. R.; Gustafsson, H. A.; Gutbrod, H.; Harris, J. W.; Kampert, K. H. et al.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Readout techniques and radiation damage of undoped cesium iodide

Several readout techniques for undoped CsI have been studied which utilize the fast scintillation component for speed, and the high photon yield for good energy resolution. Quantum yields have been measured for samples up to 30 cm in length using photomultiplier tubes, wavelength shifters, and silicon photodiodes. A study has also been made of the scintillation properties of undoped CsI. It is found that the light output and decay time of the 310 nm fast component increases and the emission spe… more

Date: January 1, 1989

Creator: Woody, C.L.; Levy, P.W.; Kierstead, J.A.; Skwarnicki, T.; Sobolewski, Z.; Goldberg, M. et al.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department