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Institutional research and development, FY 1987

Description: The Institutional Research and Development program at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory fosters exploratory work to advance science and technology, disciplinary research to develop innovative solutions to problems in various scientific fields, and long-term interdisciplinary research in support of defense and energy missions. This annual report describes research funded under this program for FY87. (DWL)
Date: January 1, 1987
Creator: Struble, G. L.; Lawler, G. M.; Crawford, R. B.; Kirvel, R. D.; Peck, T. M.; Prono, J. K. et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Generation of coherent soft x-rays using a single-pass free-electron laser amplifier

Description: We consider a single-pass free-electron laser (FEL) amplifier, driven by an rf-linac followed by a damping ring for reduced emittance, for use in generating coherent light in the soft x-ray region. The dependence of the optical gain on electron-beam quality, studied with the three-dimensional FEL simulation code FELEX, is given and related to the expected power of self-amplified spontaneous emission. We discuss issues for the damping ring designed to achieve the required electron beam quality. … more
Date: January 1, 1987
Creator: Wang, T. F.; Goldstein, J. C.; Newmam, B. E. & McVey, B. D.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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What can HELIOS tell us on phase transition of nuclear matter

Description: Transverse energy (E/sub t/) distributions and P/sub t/ spectra of negative particles and photons measured by the HELIOS experiment in 200 GeVN and 60 GeVN oxygen-nucleus reactions are presented. The E/sub t/ distributions are compared to a geometrical parametrization and a Montereverse arrowCarlo calculation, particle spectra to the proton-nucleus reaction case. The comparisons show that yet the results can be understood without assuming quark-gluon plasma formation. A discussion is made based… more
Date: January 1, 1987
Creator: En'yo, H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Products from cosmic-ray interactions in extraterrestrial matter: What they tell us about radiation backgrounds in space

Description: The nuclides and the heavy-nuclei ''tracks'' made by the interactions of solar and galactic cosmic-ray particles with meteorites, lunar samples, and the Earth have been extensively studied, simulated, and modelled. Most research involves the use of these cosmogenic products to study the history of the ''targets'' or of the cosmic rays. However, much work has also been done in understanding these interactions and in predicting their rates as a function of the target's size and shape and of the l… more
Date: January 1, 1987
Creator: Reedy, R. C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Spectra of negative particles and photons in collisions of p/minus/W and /sup 16/O/minus/W at 200 GeVu

Description: /rho//perpendicular/ spectra of negative particles were measured for p/minus/W and /sup 16/O/minus/W collisions at 200 GeVupsilon in the rapidity range 0.9< y <1.9. Within the systematic errors of 20% the spectra are indentical in the range 0.05 </rho//perpendicular/<2.0 GeVc. The p/minus/W and /sup 16/O /minus/W spectra exhibit an exponential shape for /rho//perpendicular/>250 MeVc. This is consistent with previous p/minus/A data, but there is a significant excess above this exponential at low… more
Date: January 1, 1987
Creator: Bartels, H.W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Analytical review of structure and regulation of hemopoiesis

Description: The development of knowledge on the structure of hemopoiesis and its regulation can be divided into four broad areas: descriptive morphology, kinetics of cell proliferation, regulation of rates of cell proliferation through interaction of molecular regulators and their cell surface receptors, and clinical applications. 60 refs., 6 figs.
Date: January 1, 1987
Creator: Cronkite, E.P.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Interaction of biological systems with static and ELF electric and magnetic fields

Description: Although background levels of atmospheric electric and geomagnetic field levels are extremely low, over the past several decades, human beings and other life forms on this planet have been subjected to a dramatically changing electromagnetic milieu. An exponential increase in exposure to electromagnetic fields has occurred, largely because of such technological advances as the growth of electrical power generation and transmission systems, the increased use of wireless communications, and the u… more
Date: January 1, 1987
Creator: Anderson, L.E.; Kelman, B.J. & Weigel, R.J. (eds.)
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Bose-Einstein correlations in e/sup +/e/sup -/ collisions

Description: The MARK II detector is used to study the Bose-Einstein correlation between pairs and triplets of charged pions produced in hadronic decays of the J)psi), the ..sqrt..s = 4 to 7 GeV continuum above the J)psi), two photon events at ..sqrt..s = 29 GeV, and e/sup )plus/)e/sup )minus/) annihilation events at ..sqrt..s = 29 GeV as a function of Q/sup 2/, the four-momentum transfer squared. After corrections for Coulomb effects and pion misidentification, we find a nearly full Bose-Einstein enhanceme… more
Date: December 1, 1987
Creator: Juricic, I.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Damage to fused silica windows while under simultaneous exposure to flowing solvents and laser radiation and 308nm

Description: This paper reports the results of a study to determine the degrading effects of flowing dye solvents on the laser damage threshold of fused-silica windows at 308nm. Thresholds were measured at the SiO/sub 2/solvent interface in a test cell. Bare SiO/sub 2/ tested in air at 308nm (20ns) typically exhibits a threshold ranging from 4 to 10 Jcm/sup 2/; with the solvent cyclohexane in contact, a threshold as low as 0.3 Jcm/sup 2/ was measured. The damage data indicate that window lifetime (number of… more
Date: January 1, 1987
Creator: Mauro, B. R.; Foltyn, S. R. & Sanders, V. E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Particle identification for beauty physics

Description: We look briefly at the requirements for particle identification for possible beauty experiments at the Tevatron, both in the fixed target and the collider mode. Techniques presently in use in high energy physics experiments, and under development, should make sensitive experiments feasible. However, in all cases the present state of the art must be advanced to meet the necessary requirements for segmentation andor rate capability. The most fundamentally difficult challenges appear to be the eff… more
Date: January 1, 1987
Creator: Ludlam, T.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Physics at hadron colliders: Experimental view

Description: The physics of the hadron-hadron collider experiment is considered from an experimental point of view. The problems encountered in determination of how well the standard model describes collider results are discussed. 53 refs., 58 figs.
Date: August 1, 1987
Creator: Siegrist, J.L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Preliminary results from collisions between 3. 2-TeV /sup 16/O and target nuclei of C, Cu, and Au

Description: We have presented preliminary WA80 data from interactions of /sup 16/O with C, Cu, and Au at 60 and 200 GeVnucleon. These have included total charged-particle multiplicity distributions and transverse energy distributions. Ranges of transverse momentum per particle and of possible energy densities were discussed. Some of the unique features of WA80 were stressed. These are: complete coverage of the target rapidity region, complete coverage of charged-particle multiplicity measurement, and measu… more
Date: January 1, 1987
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Preliminary results from Brookhaven Experiment 802 with 14. 5 GeVu /sup 28/Si

Description: Preliminary data on beam calorimetry, charged particle multiplicities, pseudo-rapidity distributions and hadron spectroscopy from /sup 28/Si + Al and Au at 14.5 GeV per nucleon are presented. Comments on nuclear stopping, multiplicity systematics, and K..pi.. ratios are offered. 5 refs., 6 figs., 1 tab.
Date: January 1, 1987
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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MLE (Maximum Likelihood Estimator) reconstruction of a brain phantom using a Monte Carlo transition matrix and a statistical stopping rule

Description: In order to study properties of the Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE) algorithm for image reconstruction in Positron Emission Tomographyy (PET), the algorithm is applied to data obtained by the ECAT-III tomograph from a brain phantom. The procedure for subtracting accidental coincidences from the data stream generated by this physical phantom is such that he resultant data are not Poisson distributed. This makes the present investigation different from other investigations based on computer-si… more
Date: October 1, 1987
Creator: Veklerov, E.; Llacer, J. & Hoffman, E.J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Analysis of Radiation Doses from Operation of Postulated Commercial Spent Fuel Transportation Systems

Description: This report contains a system study of estimated radiation doses to the public and workers resulting from the transport of spent fuel from commercial nuclear power reactors to a geologic repository. The report contains a detailed breakdown of activities and a description of time/distance/dose-rate estimates for each activity within the system. Collective doses are estimated for each of the major activities at the reactor site, in transit, and at the repository receiving facility. Annual individ… more
Date: November 1, 1987
Creator: Schneider, K. J.; Hostick, C. J.; Ross, W. A.; Peterson, R. W.; Smith, R. I.; Stiles, D. L. et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Plasma Separation Process: Betacell (BCELL) code: User's manual. [Bipolar barrier junction]

Description: The emergence of clearly defined applications for (small or large) amounts of long-life and reliable power sources has given the design and production of betavoltaic systems a new life. Moreover, because of the availability of the plasma separation program, (PSP) at TRW, it is now possible to separate the most desirable radioisotopes for betacell power generating devices. A computer code, named BCELL, has been developed to model the betavoltaic concept by utilizing the available up-to-date sour… more
Date: November 13, 1987
Creator: Taherzadeh, M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The NSLS VUV undulator: Spectral characteristics and operating experience

Description: The design and operating characteristics of the VUV undulator installed on the NSLS VUV ring are presented. Specifically, the spectral output through three circular on-axis pinholes of different diameters has been measured. Near the minimum magnetic gap (40mm), the flux into a 0.25 mrad circular aperture at the peak of the fundamental (h..nu.. = 57 eV) is approx.1 /times/ 10/sup 14/ photonssec0.1A1%BW. We find good agreement in spectral shape between these measured spectra and spectra calculate… more
Date: January 1, 1987
Creator: Johnson, P.D.; Galayda, J.; Hulbert, S.L.; Klaffky, R.W.; Luccio, A.; Vignola, G. et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Use of transportable storage casks in the nuclear waste management system: Appendices

Description: A study was performed to determine the viability of the use of transportable storage casks (TSCs), and other metal casks that are designed primarily for storage but which might be used to ship their stored contents to DOE on a one-time use basis (referred to in this study as storage only casks, or SOCs), in the combined utility/DOE spent fuel management system. The viability of the use of TSCs and SOCs was assessed in terms of the costs and savings involved in their use, the sensitivity of thes… more
Date: December 1, 1987
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Microstructural evolution in fast-neutron-irradiated austenitic stainless steels

Description: The present work has focused on the specific problem of fast-neutron-induced radiation damage to austenitic stainless steels. These steels are used as structural materials in current fast fission reactors and are proposed for use in future fusion reactors. Two primary components of the radiation damage are atomic displacements (in units of displacements per atom, or dpa) and the generation of helium by nuclear transmutation reactions. The radiation environment can be characterized by the ratio … more
Date: December 1, 1987
Creator: Stoller, R.E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Report of the Intermediate-)ital p)/sub Perpendicular/ Detector Group: A Beauty Spectrometer for the SSC (Superconducting Super Collider)

Description: A ''Beauty Spectrometer'' has been designed for studies of B physics at the SSC. The ultimate goal is a definitive measurement of CP violation in the B system. The spectrometer consists of two stages and occupies one side of an intermediate-luminosity interaction region. An upstream, or intermediate, stage extends from the interaction point to 14 m and covers the angular region from 57 mrad (3.3 degree) to 350 mrad (20 degree). The forward stage extends to 77 m and to angles down to 5.7 mrad. T… more
Date: July 1, 1987
Creator: Foley, K. J.; Buchanan, C. D.; Morrison, R. J.; McHugh, S. W.; Witherell, M. S.; Atac, M. et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Super high energy heavy ion collisions

Description: Basic theoretical ideas on a phase transition to a plasma of free quarks and gluons in heavy ion collisions are outlined. First results from experiments with oxygen beams at 14.5 GeV/c/N (BNL), 60 and 200 GeV/c/N (CERN) are discussed. 30 refs., 9 figs.
Date: December 1, 1987
Creator: Geist, W.M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Teratology studies of lewisite and sulfur mustard agents: Effects of lewisite in rats and rabbits: Final report

Description: Lewisite was administered to rats and rabbits by intragastric intubation. Maternal animals were weighed periodically, and, at necropsy (20 dg (days of gestation) in rats and 30 dg in rabbits), were examined for gross lesions of major organs and reproductive performances; live fetuses were weighed and examined for external, internal and skeletal defect. In rats, a dose level of 1.5 mg/kg did not induce toxic or teratogenic responses in maternal and fetal body weights and a significant reduction … more
Date: December 31, 1987
Creator: Hackett, P L; Sasser, L B; Rommereim, R L; Cushing, J A; Buschbom, R L & Kalkwarf, D R
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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First tests with fully depleted PN-CCD's

Description: We have fabricated 280 ..mu..m thick fully depletable pn CCD's on high resistivity silicon ()rho) approx. 2.5 k..cap omega..cm). Its operation is based on the semiconductor drift chamber principle proposed by Gatti and Rheak. They are designed as energy and position sensitive radiation detector for (minimum) ionizing particles and X-ray imaging. Two dimensional semiconductor device modeling demonstrates the basic charge transer mechanisms. Prototypes of the detectors have been tested in static … more
Date: January 1, 1987
Creator: Strueder, L.; Lutz, G.; Sterzik, M.; Holl, P.; Kemmer, J.; Prechtel, U. et al.
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Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Defect structures in YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-x/ produced by electron irradiation

Description: Defect structures in YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-x/ produced by electron irradiation at 300/sup 0/ K were investigated by transmission electron microscopy. Threshold energies for the production of visible defects were determined to be 152 keV and 131 keV (+- 7 keV) in directions near the a and b (b > a) axes (both perpendicular to c, the long axis in the orthorhombic structure), respectively. During above threshold irradiations in an electron flux of 3 x 10/sup 18/ cm/sup -2/ s/sup -1/, extended… more
Date: December 1, 1987
Creator: Kirk, M.A.; Baker, M.C.; Liu, J.Z.; Lam, D.J. & Weber, H.W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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