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in subjects: "Radiation Effects"

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Tumor production in Syrian hamsters following inhalation of PuO/sub 2/--ZrO/sub 2/ aerosol

Syrian golden hamsters of both sexes were exposed to aerosols of ZrO/sub 2/ containing PuO/sub 2/. The starting material in the aerosol generator also had a small amount of /sup 57/Co added as a tracer. The mixture of all three constituents was nebulized and the droplets passed through a heating column at 1000/sup 0/C. Aerosol sampling was accomplished with a cascade impactor and electrostatic precipitator. The median aerodynamic diameters in all inhalation runs were approximately 2 ..mu..m wit… more

Date: January 1, 1978

Creator: Thomas, R. G. & Smith, D. M.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Vacuum ultraviolet electronic properties of liquids. Annual progress report, 1 November 1979-31 October 1980

Areas covered are: optical and dielectric properties of hexamethyl-phosphoric triamide; photoemission from uv irradiated liquids; photon and photoelectron mean free paths in liquids; properties of Kapton films; and uv transmission of polycyclic organic molecules. (GHT)

Date: January 1, 1980

Creator: Painter, L.R.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Health effects models for nuclear power plant accident consequence analysis: Low LET radiation

This report describes dose-response models intended to be used in estimating the radiological health effects of nuclear power plant accidents. Models of early and continuing effects, cancers and thyroid nodules, and genetic effects are provided. Weibull dose-response functions are recommended for evaluating the risks of early and continuing health effects. Three potentially lethal early effects -- the hematopoietic, pulmonary, and gastrointestinal syndromes -- are considered. In addition, model… more

Date: January 1, 1990

Creator: Evans, J. S.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

TCT hybrid preconceptual blanket design studies

The conceptual design of a tokamak fusion-fission (hybrid) reactor, which produces electric power and fissile material, has been performed in a cooperative effort between Princeton's Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) and Battelle's Pacific Northwest Laboratories (PNL). PPPL, who had overall project lead responsibility, designed the fusion driver system. Its core consists of a tokamak plasma maintained in the two-component torus (TCT) mode by both D and T beams and having a single null poloidal d… more

Date: January 1, 1978

Creator: Aase, D. T.; Bampton, M. C. C.; Doherty, T. J.; Leonard, B. R.; McCann, R. A.; Newman, D. F. et al.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Measurements of the dependence of damage thresholds on laser wavelength, pulse duration and film thickness

Results of three experiments will be described. We used 351-nm and 355-nm pulses with durations of 0.6, 1, 5 and 9 ns measure thresholds for a variety of anti-reflectance and high reflectance coatings. The functional form t/sup m/, with t the pulse duration, was used to scale fluence thresholds measured at 0.6 ns to those measured at 9.0 ns. Values of the coefficient m ranged from 0.10 to 0.51. The average value was 0.30. In the second experiment, we measured thresholds at 1064 nm, 527 nm and 3… more

Date: March 1, 1984

Creator: Rainer, F.; Vercimak, C.L.; Milam, D.; Carniglia, C.K. & Tuttle Hart, T.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Repair Welding of Fusion Reactor Components

Recent experimental investigations indicate that the repair welding of irradiated materials containing greater than 1 to 2.5 appm helium leads to catastrophic cracking in the heat affected zone of the weld. The high temperatures and cooling tensile stresses which occur during the welding process lead to enhanced helium bubble growth in the heat affected zone region, resulting in catastrophic cracking upon cooling. An investigation is proposed which seeks to determine the effect of stress state … more

Date: May 20, 1992

Creator: Chin, Bryan A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Pacific Northwest Laboratory Report on Fusion Energy Research, April 1977 - June 1977

The development of economic data for fusion power plants continued in a study estimating the potential impact of a shortage of materials important in fusion plant construction. In studies developing heat transfer and fluid flow design tools for fusion reactor blankets, preconceptual design studies were initiated to identify the potential design limits of water cooling in the first wall of Tokamak Next Step (TNS) concepts. In surface effects research clean gold samples were irradiated in the Uni… more

Date: July 1, 1977

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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High-energy proton radiation damage of high-purity germanium detectors

Motivated by their applicability to gamma-ray spectroscopy experiments in space, quantitative studies of radiation damage effects in high-purity germanium detectors due to high-energy charged particles have been initiated with the irradiation by 6 GeV/c protons of two 1.0 cm thick planar detectors maintained at 88/sup 0/K. The threshold for resolution degradation and the annealing characteristics differs markedly from those previously observed for detectors irradiated by fast neutrons. Under pr… more

Date: October 1, 1977

Creator: Pehl, R.H.; Varnell, L.S. & Metzger, A.E.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Basic aspects of radiation action on microorganisms. Final report for the period ending October 31, 1977. [Radioresistance of micrococcus luteus]

Progress is reported on studies on the basic aspects of radiation effects on microorganisms. Results are included from studies on the effects of uv pretreatment on the survival of ..gamma..-irradiated micrococcus luteus and uv-induced radioresistance to bacteriophage.

Date: December 1, 1977

Creator: Pollard, E.C.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Integrity of PWR pressure vessels during overcooling accidents

The reactor pressure vessel in a pressurized water reactor is normally subjected to temperatures and pressures that preclude propagation of sharp, crack-like defects that might exist in the wall of the vessel. However, there is a class of postulated accidents, referred to as overcooling accidents, that can subject the pressure vessel to severe thermal shock while the pressure is substantial. As a result of such accidents vessels containing high concentrations of copper and nickel, which enhance… more

Date: January 1, 1982

Creator: Cheverton, R.D.; Iskander, S.K. & Whitman, G.D.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Preliminary assessment of tree mortality near F- and H-area seepage basins

A preliminary assessment was conducted to evaluate factors that may have been responsible for the vegetation damage that has occurred in groundwater seeps downslope from the F- and H-area seepage basins. The factors that were considered included altered hydrology, toxicity from hazardous chemical constituents associated with seepage basin operation, and toxicity from non-hazardous constituents associated with basin operation. It was concluded that the observed damage was not likely to have resu… more

Date: January 28, 1988

Creator: Loehle, C & Gladden, J

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Clonal theory of radiation carcinogenesis

In some cases, usually involving high-LET radiations, the dose response at low doses follows a power function of dose with exponent less than one over a wide dose range. This type of response is of great interest since (a) it implies greater effect per unit dose at progressively smaller doses, and (b) it is not predicted by most models and theories of radiobiology. A theoretical framework is presented for responses having the above characteristics over a dose range extending over a factor of 10… more

Date: January 1, 1982

Creator: Baum, J.W.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Radiation-induced segregation in HT-9 martensitic steel

Miniature notched-bar specimens of normalized and tempered HT-9 were neutron irradiated to approx.13 dpa and broken at liquid nitrogen temperatures in a UHV chamber. Fracture surfaces were analyzed using scanning Auger electron spectroscopy. Following irradiation at 410/sup 0/C, the fracture surface contained a small number of large relatively smooth facets, which are thought to be prior austenite grain boundaries. Strong segregation of Ni, Cr, Si, and P was detected at these surfaces, the rema… more

Date: January 1, 1986

Creator: Clausing, R.E.; Heatherly, L.; Faulkner, R.G.; Rowcliffe, A.F. & Farrell, K.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Radiation induced micrencephaly in guinea pigs

A brain weight deficit of about 70 mg was induced at doses of approximately 75-mGy and a deficit of 60 mg was induced at 100 mGy. This confirms the effects projected and observed by Wanner and Edwards. Although the data do not demonstrate a clear dose-response relationship between the 75-mGy and 100-mGy groups, the data are statistically consistent with a dose-response effect because of the overlapping confidence intervals. The lack of a statistically significant observation is most likely rela… more

Date: January 1, 1991

Creator: Wagner, L.K.; Johnston, D.A. & Felleman, D.J.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Biological Effects of Blast. Technical Progress Report

The current state of knowledge relevant to biological blast effects was summarized in a selective manner. Initially, five problems of concern to those who would relate the environmental variations produced by nuclear weapons with biological response and hazard assessment were pointed out. Primary, secondary, tertiary, and miscellaneous blast effects were defined and selected interspecies experimental data of a physical and pathophysiological nature useful in estimating human response were prese… more

Date: December 1, 1961

Creator: White, C. S.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Sensitivity of primary knock-on atom spectra and displacement per atom cross sections to different secondary neutron energy and angular distributions and ''in-group'' weighting schemes

The sensitivity of primary knock-on atom (PKA) spectra and displacement per atom (DPA) cross sections to different secondary neutron energy and angular distributions and ''in-group'' weighting schemes is investigated. It is shown that the sensitivity of the PKA spectra and DPA cross sections for the (n,n' unresolved) and (n,2n) reactions in Fe to different angular distributions and the same secondary neutron spectrum is reasonably large (approximately 15%), whereas the … more

Date: January 1, 1978

Creator: Gabriel, T. A. & Bishop, B. L.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Metals and Ceramics Division. Annual progress report, ending June 30, 1980

Research is reported concerning: (1) engineering materials, including materials compatibility, mechanical properties, nondestructive testing, pressure vessel technology, and welding and brazing; (2) fuels and processes consisting of ceramic technology, fuel cycle technology, fuels evaluation, fuel fabrication and metals processing; and (3) materials science which includes, ceramic studies, physical metallurgy properties, radiation effects and microstructural analysis, metastable and superconduc… more

Date: September 1, 1980

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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TRANSIENT RADIATION EFFECTS IN CAPACITORS AND DIELECTRIC MATERIALS

Measurements of dielectric leakage, capacitance, electric strength, andd charge scattering phenomena were performed at the Kukla and Godiva III critical assemblies for tantalum and aluminum electrolytic, wax- and oilimpregnated paper, mylar, mica, and ceramic capacitors, and for mylar and Vitamin B-impregnated paper. Leakage data indicate that gamma induced conductivity in capacitor dielectric varies directly with gamma DELTA , where gamma is the gamma radiation rate and DELTA is 0.9 for mylar,… more

Date: August 15, 1961

Creator: Wicklein, H. W. & Dickhaut, R. H.

Item Type: Book

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Role of groundwater oxidation potential and radiolysis on waste glass performance in crystalline repository environments

Laboratory experiments have shown that groundwater conditions in a Stripa granite repository will be as reducing as those in a basalt repository. The final oxidation potential (Eh) at 70/sup 0/C for Stripa groundwater deaerated and equilibrated with crystalline granite was -0.45V. In contrast, the oxidation potential at 60/sup 0/C for Grande Ronde groundwater equilibrated with basalt was -0.40V. The reducing groundwater conditions were found to slightly decrease the time-dependent release of so… more

Date: January 1, 1985

Creator: Jantzen, Carol M. & Bibler, Ned E.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Development of ultrafiltration and inorganic adsorbents for reducing volumes of low-level and intermediate-level liquid waste: January--March 1978

The exposure of noncellulosic ultrafiltration membranes to a radioactive environment simulating up to 24 months of exposure to a beta dose of 10 ..mu..Ci/cm/sup 3/ and a gamma dose of 10/sup -5/ ..mu..Ci/cm/sup 3/ did not show any conclusive evidence of membrane degradation. Viscosity measurements for control membranes and irradiated membranes indicate no changes in polymer molecular weight were caused by the radiation exposure. This, in turn, suggests no physical or mechanical degradation took… more

Date: April 27, 1978

Creator: Koenst, J. W.; Herald, W. R. & Roberts, R. C.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Potentiation of Lymphocyte Transformation by Membrane--Membrane Interaction.

No Description Available.

Date: January 1, 1969

Creator: Yachnin, S.; Allen, L. W.; Baron, J. M. & Svenson, R.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Comparative mutagenesis of human cells in vivo and in vitro

This report discusses measuring methods of point mutations; high density cell cultures for low dose studies; measurement and sequence determination of mutations in DNA; the mutational spectra of styrene oxide and ethlyene oxide in TK-6 cells; mutational spectrum of Cr in human lymphoblast cells; mutational spectra of radon in TK-6 cells; and the mutational spectra of smokeless tobacco. (CBS)

Date: May 1, 1992

Creator: Thilly, W.G.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Radiolytic Effects on Ion Exchangers During the Storage of Radioactive Wastes

Radiolytic effects on ion exchangers are being recognized as a significant problem in the processing and storage of high-specific-activity radioactive waste forms. Two major literature surveys and a series of scoping experiments conducted during this investigation indicate that radiation decomposition of ion exchange materials has the potential for a variety of undesirable consequences. These include the ready dispersion of adsorbed radionuclides to the environment, corrosion and pressurization… more

Date: January 1, 1982

Creator: Pillay, K. K. S. & Palau, G. L.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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TRITOX: a multiple parameter evaluation of tritium toxicity

The increased use of nuclear reactors for power generation will lead to the introduction of tritium into the environment. The need for assessing possible immediate and long-term effects of exposure to this tritium led to the development of a broad program directed towards evaluating the possible somatic and genetic effects of continuous exposure to tritiated water (HTO). Among the parameters measured are the genetic, cytogenetic, reproductive efficiency, growth, nonspecific lifetime shortening,… more

Date: January 1, 1982

Creator: Carsten, A.L.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department