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Construction of bending magnet beamline at the APS for environmental studies. Progress report, September 1996--September 1997

Description: 'The items that were accomplished during this period are: (1) preparation and submission of the preliminary design report for the bending magnet beamline; (2) construction of the first optical enclosure (FOE) hutch for the BM beamline and ordering of the installation of utilities, in addition to the FOE hutch, the authors have started construction on the experimental hutch, although this is being supported by other funds; (3) the package has been ordered for the shutter assembly and monochromat… more
Date: January 1, 1997
Creator: Stern, E. A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Optimization of Thermochemical, Kinetic, and Electrochemical Factors Governing Partitioning of Radionuclides During Melt Decontamination of Radioactively Contaminated Stainless Steel. 1998 Annual Progress Report

Description: 'Melt decontamination of radioactive scrap metal could convert a disposal liability into a final product that would reduce the total volume of material necessary for burial and save substantial material costs. The goal of this project is to optimize a melt decontamination process through a basic understanding of the factors which govern the partitioning of various radionuclides between metal, slag, and gas phases. Radionuclides which are captured by a slag phase may be stabilized by promoting t… more
Date: June 1998
Creator: Van den Avyle, J. A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Peptide Based Radiopharmaceuticals: Specific Construct Approach

Description: The objective of this project was to develop receptor based peptides for diagnostic imaging and therapy. A series of peptides related to cell adhesion molecules (CAM) and immune regulation were designed for radiolabeling with <sup>99m</sup>Tc and evaluated in animal models as potential diagnostic imaging agents for various disease conditions such as thrombus (clot), acute kidney failure, and inflection/inflammation imaging. The peptides for this project were designed by the industrial partner, … more
Date: October 21, 1997
Creator: Som, P.; Rhodes, B. A. & Sharma, S. S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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In-situ spectro-electrochemical studies of radionuclide contaminated surface films on metals and the mechanism of their formation and dissolution. 1998 annual progress report

Description: 'The objective of this research program is to gain a fundamental understanding of the structure, composition, and mechanism of formation of radionuclide-containing surface films on metals that are relevant to the problem of decontamination of piping systems and waste storage tanks at DOE nuclear processing facilities. As of May 1998, after about a year and a half of work towards implementing this project, considerable progress has been made in understanding the mechanism and structure of heavy … more
Date: June 1, 1998
Creator: Melendres, C.A. & Mini, S.M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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In-Situ Spectroelectrochemical Studies of Radionuclide Contaminated Surface Films on Metals and the Mechanism of Their Formation and Dissolution. 1997 Annual Progress Report

Description: 'The incorporation of radioactive contaminants into corrosion product scales on metals is being investigated using in-situ spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques. To facilitate the study, stable isotopes are used initially, while the corrosion films are simulated by electrodeposition of the appropriate oxide (hydroxide) onto a graphite substrate. Synchrotron x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is used to determine the structure and composition of the host oxide film, as well as the local … more
Date: September 1, 1997
Creator: Melendres, C. A.; Balasubramanian, M.; Papapanayiotou, D.; Mini, S. & Mansour, A. N.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Atmospheric pressure plasma cleaning of contamination surfaces. 1997 mid-year progress report

Description: 'Goals of the project are to (1) identify the key physics and chemistry underlying the use of high pressure plasmas for etching removal of actinides and actinide surrogates; and (2) identify key surface reactions and plasma physics necessary for optimization of the atmospheric pressure plasma jet. Technical description of the work decommissioning of transuranic waste (TRU) into low-level radioactive waste (LLW) represents the largest cleanup cost associated with the nuclear weapons complex. Thi… more
Date: June 1, 1997
Creator: Selwyn, G. S. & Hicks, R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Atmospheric-pressure plasma cleaning of contaminated surfaces. 1998 annual progress report

Description: 'The object of this research program is to develop an atmospheric-pressure plasma jet for converting transuranic wastes (TRUs) into low-level radioactive wastes (LLWs). This plasma process will be used to efficiently decontaminate a wide range of structures and equipment. This report summarizes work after 1 year and 9 months of a 3-year project. A picture of the atmospheric-pressure plasma jet is shown in Fig. 1. This new plasma source consists of two concentric electrodes through which a mixtu… more
Date: June 1, 1998
Creator: Hicks, Robert F. & Selwyn, Gary
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Containment of toxic metals and radionuclides in porous and fractured media: Optimizing biogeochemical reduction versus geochemical oxidation. 1998 annual progress report

Description: 'The purpose of this research is to provide an improved understanding and predictive capability of the mechanisms that allow metal-reducing bacteria to be effective in the bioremediation of subsurface environments contaminated with toxic metals and radionuclides. The study is motivated by the likelihood that subsurface microbial activity can effectively alter the redox state of toxic metals and radionuclides so that they are immobilized for long time periods. The objectives are to: (1) develop … more
Date: June 1, 1998
Creator: Jardine, P. M. & Brooks, S. C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Estimation of potential population level effects of contaminants on wildlife. 1998 annual progress report

Description: 'The objective of this project is to provide DOE with improved methods to assess risks from contaminants to wildlife populations. The current approach for wildlife risk assessment consists of comparison of contaminant exposure estimates for individual animals to literature-derived toxicity test endpoints. These test endpoints are assumed to estimate thresholds for population-level effects. For several reasons, uncertainties associated with this approach are considerable. First, because toxicity… more
Date: June 1, 1998
Creator: Sample, B. E.; Suter, G. W. II & Rose, K. A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Behavior of dense, immiscible solvents in fractured clay-rich soils. 1998 annual progress report

Description: 'This research project addresses the nature and and distribution of DNAPL sources (typically chlorinated solvents) in fractured clays or shales and the potential for natural attenuation of plumes derived from these sources. Specific goals include: (1) determining whether typical DNAPLs can penetrate fractures and the fine-grained matrix pore structure for head values within the range expected for a typical DNAPL spill; (2) investigate methods of measuring or estimating fracture or matrix entry … more
Date: June 1, 1998
Creator: Mckay, L. D.; Sanseverino, J.; Jardine, P. M.; Brooks, S. C.; Cherry, J. A. & Parker, B. L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Improved risk estimated from carbon tetrachloride. Annual progress report, October 1, 1996--September 30, 1997

Description: 'Carbon tetrachloride (CCl{sub 4}) has been used extensively within the Department of Energy (DOE) nuclear weapons facilities. Rocky Flats was formerly the largest volume user of CCl{sub 4} in the US, with 5,000 gallons used there in 1977 alone. At the Hanford site, several hundred thousand gallons of CCl{sub 4} were discharged between 1955 and 1973 into underground cribs for storage. Levels of CCl{sub 4} in groundwater at highly contaminated sites at the Hanford. facility have exceeded the dri… more
Date: October 27, 1997
Creator: Benson, J.M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Stable isotopic investigations of in-situ bioremediation of chlorinated organic solvents. 1998 annual progress report

Description: 'Contamination of soils and groundwaters with chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAHs) is one of the most serious environmental problems in the DOE system and in the nation at large. These compounds are designated as priority pollutants by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and are known or suspected to be carcinogenic or mutagenic in humans. These compounds are readily transported by groundwater and are not reduced to acceptable concentrations for human consumption by most municipal… more
Date: June 1, 1998
Creator: Sturchio, N.C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The migration and entrapment of DNAPLs in physically and chemically heterogeneous porous media. Annual progress report, September 15, 1996--August 25, 1997

Description: 'The overall objective of this research is to investigate the influence of coupled physical and chemical heterogeneity on the migration and entrapment of DNAPLs in the saturated zone. This research includes laboratory and numerical investigations for a matrix of fluid and solid properties encompassing a range of wettability characteristics. Specific objectives include: (1) quantification of medium wettability and interfacial tensions; (2) determination of hydraulic property relations; (3) two-d… more
Date: January 1, 1997
Creator: Abriola, L.M. & Demond, A.H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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In situ, field scale evaluation of surfactant enhanced DNAPL recovery using a single-well, push-pull test. 1998 annual progress report

Description: 'The overall goal of this project is to develop the single-well, push-pull test method as a new site characterization and feasibility assessment tool for studying the fundamental fate and transport behavior of injected surfactants and their ability to solubilize and mobilize dense nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs) in the subsurface. The specific objectives are: (1) to develop a modified push-pull test for use in identifying and quantifying the effects of sorption, precipitation, and biodegradat… more
Date: June 1, 1998
Creator: Istok, J.D.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Stable isotopic investigations of in situ bioremediation of chlorinated organic solvents. 1997 annual progress report

Description: 'The author has made significant progress in developing innovative methods for investigating the mechanism and extent of in situ bioremediation of chlorinated organic solvents. These methods use precise isotopic ratio measurements of chlorine and carbon in reactant and product species in laboratory experiments and in materials from field demonstration sites. Specific tasks completed during FY 1997 include: (1) refinement and publication of a new analytical method for precise determination of ch… more
Date: January 1, 1997
Creator: Sturchio, N.C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Behavior of dense immiscible solvents in fractured clay-rich soils. Technical progress report, 1997

Description: 'The overall goal of the research program is to develop a better understanding of the physical and chemical factors and processes influencing fate and transport of immiscible and dissolved-phase dense solvents in groundwater in fractured, highly weathered clays and shales. These widespread materials are much different, physically and chemically, from granular soils or fractured low porosity rocks, which are the media used for most previous investigations of solvent behavior. The investigations … more
Date: October 13, 1997
Creator: McKay, L.D.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Reduction and immobilization of radionuclides and toxic metal ions using combined zero valent iron and anaerobic bacteria. 1998 annual progress report

Description: 'Previous research findings indicate that both zero valent iron and sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) can yield significant decreases in Cr(VI) or U(VI) concentrations due to abiotic and microbial reduction, respectively. The major hypothesis associated with this research project is that a combined abiotic-biological system can synergistically combine both processes to maximize metal ion reduction in an engineered permeable reactive barrier. The overall goal of this project is to design a combine… more
Date: June 1, 1998
Creator: Weathers, L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The migration and entrapment of DNAPLs in physically and chemically heterogeneous porous media. 1998 annual progress report

Description: 'The migration and entrapment of dense nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs) at hazardous waste sites is typically believed to be controlled by physical heterogeneities. This belief is based upon the assumption that permeability and capillary properties are determined by soil texture. These transport properties however, also depend on porous media wettability characteristics, which may vary spatially in a formation due to variations in aqueous phase chemistry, contaminant aging, and/or variations i… more
Date: June 1, 1998
Creator: Abriola, L.M. & Demond, A.H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Advanced experimental analysis of controls on microbial Fe(III) oxide reduction. 1998 annual progress report

Description: 'Understanding factors which control the long-term survival and activity of Fe(III)-reducing bacteria (FeRB) in subsurface sedimentary environments is important for predicting their ability to serve as agents for bioremediation of organic and inorganic contaminants. This project seeks to refine the authors quantitative understanding of microbiological and geochemical controls on bacterial Fe(III) oxide reduction and growth of FeRB, using laboratory reactor systems which mimic to varying degrees… more
Date: June 1, 1998
Creator: Roden, E.E. & Urrutia, M.M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Determining significant endpoints for ecological risk analyses. 1997 annual progress report

Description: 'This report summarizes the first year''s progress of research funded under the Department of Energy''s Environmental Management Science Program. The research was initiated to better determine ecological risks from toxic and radioactive contaminants. More precisely, the research is designed to determine the relevancy of sublethal cellular damage to the performance of individuals and to identify characteristics of non-human populations exposed to chronic, low-level radiation, as is typically fou… more
Date: November 1, 1997
Creator: Hinton, T. G.; Congdon, J.; Rowe, C.; Scott, D.; Bedford, J. & Whicker, F. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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In-situ characterizations of dense non-aqueous phase liquids using partitioning tracers. Annual progress report, September 15, 1996--September 14, 1997

Description: 'This paper describes laboratory research conducted to investigate the use of partitioning tracers for the detection, volume estimation, and remediation performance assessment of vadose zones contaminated by nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs). These laboratory studies used Ottawa sand and field soil packed columns. The columns were saturated, then reduced to residual saturations of water and NAPL, creating a three phase system of air, water, and NAPL. Conservative and partitioning gas tracers wer… more
Date: January 23, 1998
Creator: Pope, G. A.; McKinney, D. C.; Gupta, A. D.; Jackson, R. E. & Jin, M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Physics of DNAPL migration and remediation in the presence of heterogeneities. 1998 annual progress report

Description: 'The goal of the research is to develop a fundamental quantitative understanding of the role of physical heterogeneities on DNAPL migration and remediation in aquifers. Such understanding is critical to cost effectively identify the location of the subsurface zone of contamination and design remediation schemes focused on removing the source of the contamination, the DNAPL itself. To reach this goal, the following objectives for the proposed research are defined: Objective 1: Develop fundamenta… more
Date: June 1, 1998
Creator: Conrad, S. & Glass, R.J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Improved radiation dosimetry/risk estimates to facilitate environmental management of plutonium contaminated sites. 1998 annual progress report

Description: 'The objective of this research is to evaluate distributions of possible alpha radiation doses to the lung, bone, and liver and associated health-risk distributions for plutonium (Pu) inhalation-exposure scenarios relevant to environmental management of PuO{sub 2}-contaminated sites. Currently available dosimetry/risk models do not apply to exposure scenarios where, at most, a small number of highly radioactive PuO{sub 2} particles are inhaled (stochastic exposure [SE] paradigm). For the SE par… more
Date: June 1, 1998
Creator: Scott, B.R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Bioavailability of organic solvents in soils: Input into biologically based dose-response models for human risk assessments. 1998 annual progress report

Description: 'The purpose of this study is to determine the bioavailability of organic solvents following dermal exposures to contaminated soil and water. Breath analysis is being used to obtain real-time measurements of volatile organics in expired air following exposure in rats and humans. Rhesus monkeys will be used as surrogates for humans in benzene exposures. The exhaled breath data is being analyzed using physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models to determine the dermal bioavailability of o… more
Date: June 1, 1998
Creator: Wester, Ronald C. & Maibach, Howard I.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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