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Energy from biological processes

Description: This assessment responds to a request by the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation for an evaluation of the energy potential of various sources of plant and animal matter (biomass). This report complements an earlier OTA report on the Application of Solar Technology to Today's Energy Needs in evaluating the major solar energy resources available to the United States. The findings also will serve as part of the material to be used in an upcoming OTA assessment of synthetic fu… more
Date: July 1, 1980
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Geoecology: a county-level environmental data base for the conterminous United States

Description: The Geoecology Data Base represents a unique compilation of computerized environmental data for research and development needs. Environmental assessment and planning for energy development require rapid access to data at appropriate spatial and temporal scales. In the Environmental Sciences Division (ESD) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), we have developed an integrated data base of diverse environmental resource information from extant sources. Data are stored at the county level of res… more
Date: September 1, 1980
Creator: Olson, R. J.; Emerson, C. J. & Nungesser, M. K.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Preliminary assessment of tree mortality near F- and H-area seepage basins

Description: A preliminary assessment was conducted to evaluate factors that may have been responsible for the vegetation damage that has occurred in groundwater seeps downslope from the F- and H-area seepage basins. The factors that were considered included altered hydrology, toxicity from hazardous chemical constituents associated with seepage basin operation, and toxicity from non-hazardous constituents associated with basin operation. It was concluded that the observed damage was not likely to have resu… more
Date: January 28, 1988
Creator: Loehle, C & Gladden, J
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Off-Site Radiological Safety Report, Carlsbad, New Mexico

Description: A summary ls presented of the off-slte radiological safety actlvities of the U. S. Public Health Service during the Project Gnome operation. Topics dlscussed include: operational procedures; collection of data by aerial monltoring, mobile monitoring, potash mlne surveys, air sampling, milk sampllng, water sampling, soil and vegetation sampllng, and a film badge program; laboratory control, emergency measures; medlcal services; and veterinary activltles. It was concluded that no persons ln the v… more
Date: January 1, 1961
Creator: Placak, O. R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Only source of energy

Description: Various plants that might play a role in the energy mix of the future are discussed and illustrated. Included among them are the Euphorbias and Guayule. (JGB)
Date: March 22, 1978
Creator: Calvin, G. J. & Calvin, M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Predicting aquatic macrophyte modeling of a new freshwater lake using remote sensing

Description: Par Pond and L Lake are reservoirs on the Savannah River Site in South Carolina. Beds of aquatic macrophytes (primarily cattail and waterlilies) exist in Par Pond and are now beginning to develop in L Lake. Biophysical knowledge about Par Pond was used to develop environmental constraint criteria' to predict the future spatial distribution of aquatic macrophytes in L Lake. The L Lake biophysical data were placed in a 5 {times} 5 m raster geographic information system (GIS) and analyzed using Bo… more
Date: January 1, 1992
Creator: Jensen, J. R.; Narumalani, S.; Weatherbee, O.; Morris, K. S., Jr. & Mackey, H. E., Jr.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Variability of surface fluxes over a heterogeneous semi-arid grassland

Description: Efforts are increasing throughout the research community to improve the predictive capabilities of general circulation models (GCMs). The US Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program has stated its goals as improving the representation and parameterization of cloud radiative forcing and feedbacks in GCMs by a combined modeling and experimental approach. Along with ambient atmospheric conditions, including advection of water vapor and cloud nuclei from other regions,… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Barnes, F.J.; Porch, W.; Cooper, D. (Los Alamos National Lab., NM (United States)); Kunkel, K.E. (Illinois Univ., Urbana, IL (United States)); Hipps, L. & Swiatek, E. (Utah State Univ., Logan, UT (United States))
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Plutonium, americium, and uranium in blow-sand mounds of safety-shot sites at the Nevada Test Site and the Tonopah Test Range

Description: Blow-sand mounds or miniature sand dunes and mounds created by burrowing activities of animals were investigated by the Nevada Applied Ecology Group (NAEG) to determine the influence of mounds on plutonium, americium, and uranium distributions and inventories in areas of the Nevada Test Site and Tonopah Test Range. Those radioactive elements were added to the environment as a result of safety experiments of nuclear devices. Two studies were conducted. The first was to estimate the vertical dist… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Essington, E. H.; Gilbert, R. O.; Wireman, D. L.; Brady, D. N. & Fowler, E. B.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Wolf Point Substation, Roosevelt County, Montana

Description: The Western Area Power Administration (Western), an agency of the United States Department of Energy, is proposing to construct the 115-kV Wolf Point Substation near Wolf Point in Roosevelt County, Montana (Figure 1). As part of the construction project, Western's existing Wolf Point Substation would be taken out of service. The existing 115-kV Wolf Point Substation is located approximately 3 miles west of Wolf Point, Montana (Figure 2). The substation was constructed in 1949. The existing Wolf… more
Date: May 1, 1991
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Eucalyptus plantations for energy production in Hawaii. Technical status report, October 1, 1978-June 30, 1980

Description: Progress made on accomplishing research objectives is reported. The objectives of this project are: (1) to increase the biomass production of Eucalyptus; (2) to determine the optimum requirements to maximize yield; (3) to assess planting, cultivation, harvesting, and transportation equipment requirements; (4) to determine the optimum mixture of biomass (eucalyptus and bagasse) at the generator for the production of electricity; and (5) to evaluate a complete production/conversion system which u… more
Date: July 14, 1980
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Optimization of steam explosion pretreatment. Final report

Description: Different operating conditions are required to optimize the yield from each of the various fractions in the substrate. Xylose recovery is maximized at short cooking times whereas maximum lignin recovery requires much longer cooking times. Peak glucose yield and rumen digestibility occur at intermediate times. If process conditions are set for maximum glucose yield we have achieved a yield of 68% of the theoretical, based on an average of a dozen substrates tested. Individual results ranged from… more
Date: April 1, 1980
Creator: Foody, P.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Impact of increased coal consumption in the Pacific Northwest

Description: The objectives of the National Coal Utilization Assessment are: Identification of the environmental, health and socioeconomic impacts to be expected from the increased use of coal; investigation of mitigation strategies that might be used to manage these impacts; and establishment of working relationships with state and regional agencies and utilities. A number of energy issues were identified in the course of the study. Probably the most significant issues in this region are the siting of coal… more
Date: March 1, 1978
Creator: Burnham, J.B. (comp.)
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Stability of plutonium contaminated sediments in the Miami--Erie Canal. [Mound Facility, Ohio, radioactive effluents monitoring]

Description: This study was conducted to evaluate the stability of plutonium-contaminated sediment in the Miami-Erie Canal. Correlations were sought to relate concentrations at air sampling stations to plutonium-238 concentrations in air and stack emissions, wind direction, particulate loading, rainfall, and construction activities. There appears to be some impact on airborne concentrations at air sampling stations 122 and 123 from the contaminated sediment in the canal and ponds area. For purposes of this … more
Date: March 1, 1978
Creator: Farmer, Billy M. & Carfagno, Daniel G.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Diagnosing vegetation injury caused by air pollution

Description: The structure and function of plants in relation to air pollution injury is discussed. The sources, atmospheric chemistry, monitoring data, symptomatology, factors affecting plant response, injury threshold doses, air quality standards, relative sensitivity of plants, and leaf tissue analysis are discussed for major air pollutants. Among the pollutants discussed are: the photochemical oxidants (ozone, PAN, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, and fluorides). Minor pollutants discussed in the same f… more
Date: February 1, 1978
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Polysaccharides and bacterial plugging

Description: Before any successful application of Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery process can be realized, an understanding of the cells' transport and retentive mechanisms in porous media is needed. Cell transport differs from particle transport in their ability to produce polysaccharides, which are used by cells to adhere to surfaces. Cell injection experiments have been conducted using Leuconostoc cells to illustrate the importance of cellular polysaccharide production as a transport mechanism that hinde… more
Date: November 1, 1991
Creator: Fogler, H. S.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Evaluation of the radionuclide concentrations in soil and plants from the 1975 terrestrial survey of Bikini and Eneu Islands

Description: In June 1975 a radiological survey was conducted of the terrestrial environment of Bikini and Eneu islands (Bikini Atoll) to evaluate the potential radiation dose to the returning Bikini population. In this report, we present measurements of the radionuclide concentration in soil profiles and in dominant species of edible and nonedible, indicator plants. The use of these data to derive relationships to predict the plant uptake of radionuclides from soil is described. Approximately 620 soil and … more
Date: January 21, 1977
Creator: Colsher, C. S.; Robison, W. L. & Gudiksen, P. H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Study of technetium uptake in vegetation in the vicinity of the Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant

Description: Technetium-99 was measured in vegetation and soil collected on and near the Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant to obtain an estimate of the soil-to-vegetation concentration factors. The concentration factors appear to be lognormally distributed with a geometric mean of 3.4 (Bq/kg dry wt. tissue per Bq/kg dry wt. soil) and a geometric standard deviation of 4.7. A dose commitment was calculated using a hypothetical 3.7 x 10/sup 10/ Bq Tc-99/year release and the actual CY-1981 concentration releas… more
Date: January 1, 1982
Creator: Acox, T.A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Walker Branch Watershed: site description and research scope

Description: Walker Branch Watershed is located on the Oak Ridge Reservation in the Ridge and Valley section of Tennessee. The watershed (97 ha consisting of 2 subwatersheds) is underlain by Knox Dolomite; soils formed over the dolomitic substrate are deep, well-drained Typic Paleudults. The watershed is forested. The overstory is predominantly oak-hickory with lesser amounts of pine and mesic hardwoods. The Walker Branch Watershed Project was initiated in 1967 to: relate the productivity and water quality … more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Harris, W. F.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Environmental impact report (draft)

Description: The three projects as proposed by Pacific Gas and Electric Company and the environmental analysis of the projects are discussed. Sections on the natural and social environments of the proposed projects and their surrounding areas consist of descriptions of the setting, discussions of the adverse and beneficial consequences of the project, and potential mitigation measures to reduce the effects of adverse impacts. The Environmental Impact Report includes discussions of unavoidable adverse effect… more
Date: May 1, 1980
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Preliminary economic evaluation of a process for the production of fuel grade ethanol by enzymatic hydrolysis of an agricultural waste

Description: This study concerns the preliminary economic feasibility of a process for converting agricultural waste (wheat straw) to fuel grade ethanol through enzymatic hydrolysis. A preliminary design for the process was developed on the basis of research concepts described in the literature. The base case design is for a 25 million gal/yr plant for 95 vol % ethanol from wheat straw. The preliminary design included material and energy balances and major equipment specifications and sizing, which in turn … more
Date: January 1, 1978
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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