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in subjects: "Operating Cost"

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Inexpensive cross-flow hydropower turbine at Arbuckle Mountain Hydroelectric Project

This report documents the first three and half years of operation and maintenance on the Arbuckle Mountain Hydroelectric Project. Located on a flashy mountain stream in northern California, the project was designed, built and tested through a Cooperative Agreement between the US DOE and OTT Engineering, Inc. (OTT). The purpose of the Agreement is to build and intensively test an inexpensive American-made cross-flow turbine and to provide information to the DOE on the cost, efficiency, operation… more

Date: July 1, 1991

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Optimization of steam explosion pretreatment. Final report

Different operating conditions are required to optimize the yield from each of the various fractions in the substrate. Xylose recovery is maximized at short cooking times whereas maximum lignin recovery requires much longer cooking times. Peak glucose yield and rumen digestibility occur at intermediate times. If process conditions are set for maximum glucose yield we have achieved a yield of 68% of the theoretical, based on an average of a dozen substrates tested. Individual results ranged from… more

Date: April 1, 1980

Creator: Foody, P.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Towards an advanced hadron facility at Los Alamos

In the 1987 workshop, it was pointed out that activation of the accelerator is a serious problem. At this workshop, it was suggested that a new type of slow extraction system is needed to reduce the activation. We report on the response to this need. The Los Alamos plan is reviewed including as elements the long lead-time R and D in preparation for a 1993 construction start, a menu of accelerator designs, improved losses at injection and extraction time, active participation in the development … more

Date: January 1, 1988

Creator: Thiessen, H.A.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Energy conservation: a route to improved distillation profitability. Executive briefing report, technology transfer

The savings potential of energy-conservation measures applied to distillation is examined. The document catalogs all of the various energy-conservation options applicable to distillation; categorizes the options by investment required; and describes in detail the options having a significant potential to reduce distillation energy requirements economically. A technology applications manual designed to assist distillation process engineers who will perform technical and economic analyses to dete… more

Date: January 1, 1980

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Cyclotrons for clinical and biomedical research with PET

The purpose of this commentary is to present some background material on cyclotrons and other particle accelerators particularly with a view toward the considerations behind acquiring and installing such a machine for purely clinical and/or biomedical research use.

Date: January 1, 1987

Creator: Wolf, A.P.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Technical program plan, Basalt Waste Isolation Project

The Basalt Waste Isolation Project (BWIP) program as administered by the DOE's Richland Operations Office and Rockwell Hanford Operations is described. The objectives, scope and scientific technologies are discussed. The work breakdown structure of the project includes: project management and support, systems integration, geosciences, hydrology, engineered barriers, test facility design and construction, engineering testing, repository studies, and schedules. The budget of the program incl… more

Date: December 1, 1979

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Development of a joint-cost allocation manual for integrated community energy systems. Phase II

The distribution of Integrated Community Energy Systems (ICES) project capital and operating costs among multiple ICES services is of prime concern for an ICES owner and/or operator. The maintenance of adequate revenues from individual services and the commercial viability of an ICES project is influenced significantly by the method chosen for cost allocation. An in-depth study is presented of the Alternative Justifiable Expenditure method (AJE). The advantages and disadvantages of the AJE are … more

Date: April 1, 1980

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Space heating for office building at Glenwood Springs, Colorado

Technical assistance in a preliminary design and economic evaluation of a geothermal heating system was provided. The use of a downhole heat exchanger was evaluated, with the objective of reducing costs in this first stage of the project, but was abandoned. The low resource temperature and lack of sufficient aquifer data were the reasons for abandonment of the downhole heat exchanger concept. The use of surface plate heat exchangers was selected as the preferred approach for utilizing the geoth… more

Date: March 1, 1982

Creator: Garing, K.L. & Coury, G.E.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

District heating and cooling systems for communities through power plant retrofit distribution network. Phase 2. Final report, 1 March 1980-31 January 1984

The potential for district heating was examined in terms of a total (regional) system and two subsystems of overlapping scales. The basis of the economic analysis of district heating was that the utility's electric and gas customers would not be economically burdened by the implementation of district heating, and that any incremental costs due to district heating (e.g. district heating capital and operating costs, replacement electric power, abandonment of unamortized gas mains) would be charge… more

Date: January 1, 1984

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Cost estimates of operating onsite spent fuel pools after final reactor shutdown

This report presents estimates of the annual costs of operating spent fuel pools at nuclear power stations after the final shutdown of one or more onsite reactors. Its purpose is to provide basic spent fuel storage cost information for use in evaluating DOE's reference nuclear waste management system, as well as alternate systems. The basic model of an independent spent fuel storage installation (ISFSI) used in this study was based on General Electric Corporation's Morris Operation an… more

Date: August 1, 1991

Creator: Rod, S R

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Metal-Smelting Facility

Currently there are 90,000 tons of contaminated ferrous and nonferrous scrap metal stored in aboveground scrap yards at the Department of Energy's Uranium Enrichment Facilities in Tennessee, Kentucky, and Ohio. This scrap is primarily contaminated with 100 to 500 ppM uranium at an average enrichment of 1 to 1.5% /sup 235/U. A study was performed that evaluated smelting of the ORGDP metal in a reference facility located at Oak Ridge. The study defined the process systems and baseline requirement… more

Date: January 1, 1982

Creator: Kellogg, D. R.; Mack, J. E.; Thompson, W. T. & Williams, L. C.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Management of solid waste

Compliance with the latest regulatory requirements addressing disposal of radioactive, hazardous, and sanitary solid waste requires the application of numerous qualitative and quantitative criteria in the selection, design, and operation of solid waste management facilities. Due to the state of flux of these regulatory requirements from EPA and NRC, several waste management options were identified as being applicable to the management of the various types of solid waste. This paper highlights t… more

Date: April 16, 1980

Creator: Thompson, W.T. & Stinton, L.H.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Staff management of security personnel at Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. , Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant

The Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant Security and Police Operations Department is responsible for protecting the US Department of Energy interests at the Portsmouth Plant from theft, sabotage, and other hostile acts that may adversely affect national security, the public health and safety, or property at the Department of Energy facility. This audit's purpose was to evaluate Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc.'s staff management at the Portsmouth Plant Security Department. The Portsmouth Pla… more

Date: September 25, 1991

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Analysis of the effects of integrating wind turbines into a conventional utility: a case study. Final report

The impact on a utility incorporating wind turbine generation due to wind speed sampling frequency, wind turbine performance model, and wind speed forecasting accuracy is examined. The utility analyzed in the study was the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power and the wind turbine assumed was the MOD-2. The sensitivity of the economic value of wind turbine generation to wind speed sampling frequency and wind turbine modeling technique is examined as well as the impact of wind forecasting ac… more

Date: August 1, 1982

Creator: Goldenblatt, M. K.; Wegley, H. L. & Miller, A. H.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Cost-benefits of a mobile, trailer-contained, vibratory finishing decontamination facility

The objective of this study was to determine the cost-benefits of a vibratory finishing process, developed at Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL), which has been used successfully to remove a variety of transuranic (TRU) contaminants from surfaces of metallic and nonmetallic wastes. Once TRU contaminants are removed, the metallic and nonmetallic materials can be disposed of as low-level waste (LLW). Otherwise, these materials would be disposed of in geologic repositories. This study provides an … more

Date: July 1, 1982

Creator: Hazelton, R. F. & McCoy, M. W.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Demand Response Spinning Reserve Demonstration

The Demand Response Spinning Reserve project is a pioneeringdemonstration of how existing utility load-management assets can providean important electricity system reliability resource known as spinningreserve. Using aggregated demand-side resources to provide spinningreserve will give grid operators at the California Independent SystemOperator (CAISO) and Southern California Edison (SCE) a powerful, newtool to improve system reliability, prevent rolling blackouts, and lowersystem operating cos… more

Date: May 1, 2007

Creator: Eto, Joseph H.; Nelson-Hoffman, Janine; Torres, Carlos; Hirth,Scott; Yinger, Bob; Kueck, John et al.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Final Report-Passive Safety Optimization in Liquid Sodium-Cooled Reactors.

This report summarizes the results of a three-year collaboration between Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) and the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) to identify and quantify the performance of innovative design features in metallic-fueled, sodium-cooled fast reactor designs. The objective of the work was to establish the reliability and safety margin enhancements provided by design innovations offering significant potential for construction, maintenance, and operating cost reductio… more

Date: August 13, 2007

Creator: Cahalana, J. E. & Hahn, D.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Diffusion Coatings for Corrosion-Resistant Components in Coal Gasification Systems

Advanced electric power generation systems use a coal gasifier to convert coal to a gas rich in fuels such as H{sub 2} and CO. The gas stream contains impurities such as H{sub 2}S and HCl, which attack metal components of the coal gas train, causing plant downtime and increasing the cost of power generation. Corrosion-resistant coatings would improve plant availability and decrease maintenance costs, thus allowing the environmentally superior integrated-gasification-combined-cycle (IGCC) plants… more

Date: May 31, 2007

Creator: Krishnan, Gopala N.; Malhotra, Ripudaman; Perez, Jordi; Hornbostel, Marc; Lau, Kai-Hung & Sanjurjo, Angel

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

The Value of End-Use Energy Efficiency in Mitigation of U.S. Carbon Emissions

This report documents a scenario analysis exploring the value of advanced technologies in the U.S. buildings, industrial, and transportation sectors in stabilizing atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations. The analysis was conducted by staff members of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), working at the Joint Global Change Research Institute (JGCRI) in support of the strategic planning process of the U.S. Department of Energy (U.S. DOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy… more

Date: November 27, 2007

Creator: Kyle, G. Page; Smith, Steven J.; Clarke, Leon E.; Kim, Son H. & Wise, Marshall A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Cold Air Distribution in Office Buildings: Technology Assessment for California

This paper presents the results of a study to assess the current state of practice, and energy and operating cost implications of cold air distribution in California, and to identify the key research needs for the continued development of this technology in new commercial buildings in the state. Whole-building energy simulations were made to compare the energy performance of a prototypical office building in three California climates using conventional and cold air distribution, with and withou… more

Date: June 1, 1992

Creator: Bauman, F. S.; Borgers, T.; LaBerge, P. & Gadgil, A. J.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

CRADA Final Report: Application of Dual-Mode Inverter Control to Commercially Available Radial-Gap Mermanent Magnet Motors - Vol. I

John Deere and Company (Deere), their partner, UQM Technologies, Inc. (UQM), and the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's (ORNL's) Power Electronics and Electric Machinery Research Center (PEEMRC) recently completed work on the cooperative research and development agreement (CRADA) Number ORNL 04-0691 outlined in this report. CRADA 04-0691 addresses two topical issues of interest to Deere: (1) Improved characterization of hydrogen storage and heat-transfer management; and (2) Potential benefits from… more

Date: May 1, 2006

Creator: McKeever, John W; Lawler, Jack; Downing, Mark; Stahlhut, Ronnie D; Bremmer, R.; Shoemaker, J. M. et al.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Solid-State Lighting on a Shoestring Budget: The Economics of Off-Grid Lighting for Small Businesses in Kenya

superior lighting services to low income people in off-grid areas of developing countries, many of whom currently rely on fuel based lighting sources such as kerosene. If this potential is to be achieved in the near term, however, manufacturers must produce off-grid lighting products that are inexpensive, perform well, and meet the needs of potential end users. At present, relatively few products meet all three of these goals. In this article, we report results from a detailed study of lighting… more

Date: December 14, 2008

Creator: Radecsky, Kristen; Johnstone, Peter; Jacobson, Arne & Mills, Evan

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Independent Validation and Verification of Process Design and Optimization Technology Diagnostic and Control of Natural Gas Fired Furnaces via Flame Image Analysis Technology

The United States Department of Energy, Industrial Technologies Program has invested in emerging Process Design and Optimizations Technologies (PDOT) to encourage the development of new initiatives that might result in energy savings in industrial processes. Gas fired furnaces present a harsh environment, often making accurate determination of correct air/fuel ratios a challenge. Operation with the correct air/fuel ratio and especially with balanced burners in multi-burner combustion equipment … more

Date: May 1, 2009

Creator: Cox, Daryl

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Environmental data, energy technology characterizations: petroleum

Environmental Data Energy Technology Characterizations are publications which are intended to provide policy analysts and technical analysts with basic environmental data associated with key energy technologies. The first publication, Summary, provides information in tabular form on the eight technology areas examined; subsequent publications provide more detailed information on the technologies. This publication provides documentation of petroleum. The transformation of the energy in petroleum… more

Date: April 1, 1980

Creator: Serrajian, N.M.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department