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in subjects: "Occupational Exposure"

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Occupational dose reduction at Department of Energy contractor facilities: Bibliography of selected readings in radiation protection and ALARA

This bibliography contains abstracts relating to various aspects of ALARA program implementation and dose reduction activities, with a focus on DOE facilities. Abstracts included in this bibliography were selected from proceedings of technical meetings, journals, research reports, searches of the DOE Energy, Science and Technology Database (in general, the citation and abstract information is presented as obtained from this database), and reprints of published articles provided by the authors. … more

Date: December 1, 1993

Creator: Dionne, B. J.; Sullivan, S. G. & Baum, J. W.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Reducing radon daughter background in alpha continuous air monitors

Alpha continuous air monitors are instruments designed to sample aerosols which may contain alpha-emitting radionuclides and, in near-real time, to monitor the sample for alpha emissions. This process is subject to interference from radon decay products. The usual method for overcoming this interference is by signal processing or data processing in such a manner as to accurately subtract a portion of the background from the transuranic count. An innovative alternative approach has been jointly … more

Date: January 1, 1991

Creator: Rodgers, J.C. (Los Alamos National Lab., NM (United States)) & McFarland, A.R. (Texas A and M Univ., College Station, TX (United States). Dept. of Mechanical Engineering)

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Health and environmental effects of refuse derived fuel (RDF) production and RDF/coal co-firing technologies

Six facilities, representing the scope of different co-firing techniques with their associated RDF production systems were reviewed in detail for combustion equipment, firing modes, emission control systems, residue handling/disposal, and effluent wastewater treatment. These facilities encompass all currently operational or soon to be operational co-firing plants and associated RDF production systems. Occupational health and safety risks for these plants were evaluated on the basis of fatal and… more

Date: October 1, 1981

Creator: O'Toole, J. J.; Wessels, T. E.; Lynch, J. F.; Fassel, V. A.; Lembke, L. L.; Kniseley, R. N. et al.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Aging assessment of BWR control rod drive systems

This study examines the aging phenomena associated with boiling water reactor (BWR) control rod drive mechanisms (CRDMs) and assess the merits of various methods of managing this aging. Information for this study was acquired from (1) the results of a special CRDM aging questionnaire distributed to each US BWR utility, (2) a first-of-its-kind workshop held to discuss CRDM aging and maintenance concerns, (3) an analysis of Nuclear Plant Reliability Data System (NPRDS) failure cases attributed to… more

Date: January 1, 1991

Creator: Greene, R.H.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Lung cancer epidemiology in New Mexico uranium miners

This investigation assesses the health effects of radon progeny exposure in New Mexico uranium miners. Cumulative exposures sustained by most New Mexico miners are well below those received earlier in the Colorado Plateau. This project utilizes the research opportunity offered by New Mexico miners to address unresolved issues related to radon progeny exposure: (1) the lung cancer risk of lower levels of exposure, (2) interaction between radon progeny exposure and cigarette smoking in the causat… more

Date: November 1, 1991

Creator: Samet, J.M.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Requested information regarding remote analytical capabilities

This document describes a new method for analysis of cyanide in radioactive waste samples from the Hanford Site. The new assay is designed to increase throughput of samples, reduce waste volumes and decrease radiation exposure to analysts. The system is based on the Lachat Micro-Dist{sup TM} microdistillation system. This document contains the reference and methods manual for this kit, and also the specific PNL lab procedures for using this kit. 6 refs., 20 figs. (MHB)

Date: September 1, 1991

Creator: Steel, R.T.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Dose assessment for a sup 137 Cs contamination incident

Radiological surveys along the CSX Transportation Group railroad tracks in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, have found areas of {sup 137}Cs contamination which probably resulted from low-level waste operations during the 1960s. This paper summarizes an assessment of potential radiation doses to the public, including railroad workers, from exposure to the {sup 137}Cs. The significance of the contamination and needs for remediation are evaluated by comparing the dose estimates and survey data with proposed … more

Date: January 1, 1991

Creator: Kocher, David C.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Savannah River Site dose control

Health physicists from the Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) visited the Savannah River Site (SRS) as one of 12 facilities operated by the Department of Energy (DOE) contractors with annual collective dose equivalents greater than 100 person-rem (100 person-cSv). Their charter was to review, evaluate and summarize as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) techniques, methods and practices as implemented. This presentation gives an overview of the two selected ALARA practices implemented at the… more

Date: January 1, 1992

Creator: Smith, L. S.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Issues in continuous air monitoring

The Health Physics groups at Los Alamos determined that the 15 yr-old alpha CAM instrumentation in use at the Laboratory would soon have to be replaced and upgraded. A program was initiated to prepare detailed performance specifications, evaluate new CAM instrumentation being offered, and if necessary, to develop advanced technologies which would enable the Laboratory to meet or exceed all of the requirements of the new DOE Order 5480.11. Radiation Protection for Occupational Workers'' (DOE, 19… more

Date: January 1, 1991

Creator: Rodgers, J.C.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Technical basis for internal dosimetry at Hanford

The Hanford Internal Dosimetry Program, administered by Pacific Northwest Laboratory for the US Department of Energy, provides routine bioassay monitoring for employees who are potentially exposed to radionuclides in the workplace. This report presents the technical basis for routine bioassay monitoring and the assessment of internal dose at Hanford. The radionuclides of concern include tritium, corrosion products ({sup 58}Co, {sup 60}Co, {sup 54}Mn, and {sup 59}Fe), strontium, cesium, iodine, … more

Date: July 1, 1991

Creator: Sula, M.J.; Carbaugh, E.H. & Bihl, D.E.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Individual Genetic Susceptibility

Risk estimates derived from epidemiological studies of exposed populations, as well as the maximum permissible doses allowed for occupational exposure and exposure of the public to ionizing radiation are all based on the assumption that the human population is uniform in its radiosensitivity, except for a small number of individuals, such as ATM homozygotes who are easily identified by their clinical symptoms. The hypothesis upon which this proposal is based is that the human population is not … more

Date: December 8, 2008

Creator: Hall, Eric J.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Changes in the peripheral blood transcriptome associated with occupational benzene exposure identified by cross-comparison on two microarray platforms

Benzene is an established cause of leukemia and a possible cause of lymphoma in humans but the molecular pathways underlying this remain largely undetermined. This study sought to determine if the use of two different microarray platforms could identify robust global gene expression and pathway changes associated with occupational benzene exposure in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) gene expression of a population of shoe-factory workers with well-characterized occupational exposure… more

Date: March 1, 2009

Creator: McHale, Cliona M.; Zhang, Luoping; Lan, Qing; Li, Guilan; Hubbard, Alan E.; Forrest, Matthew S. et al.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Evaluation of thyroid radioactivity measurement data from Hanford workers, 1944--1946

This report describes the preliminary results of an evaluation conducted in support of the Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction (HEDR) Project. The primary objective of the HEDR Project is to estimate the radiation doses that populations could have received from nuclear operations at the Hanford Site since 1944. A secondary objective is to make information that HEDR staff members used in estimate radiation doses available to the public. The objectives of this report to make available thyro… more

Date: May 1, 1991

Creator: Ikenberry, T.A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Savannah River Site 1992 ALARA goals

The ALARA Goals for the Savannah River Site (SRS) for 1992 have been established by the operating Divisions/Departments and totaled for the anticipated scope of sitewide work. Goals for maximum individual exposure and personnel contamination cases have been reduced from 1991 actual data. The goal for assimilations of radionuclides remains at zero. The 633.20 rem cumulative exposure goal is constituted of special work operations and base routine operations, respectively 244.68 rem and 388.52 rem… more

Date: January 1, 1992

Creator: Smith, L. S.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Internal dosimetry of tritium

Tritium is an interesting radionuclide from the perspective of internal dosimetry because of the wide variety of chemical compounds in which it can appear, its unusual routes of entry into the body, and its ability to exchange with stable hydrogen in surrounding material. In this report the internal dosimetry of tritium compounds is reviewed, with emphasis on methods of evaluating bioassay data following chronic and acute intakes. The assumptions and models used in the derivation of Annual Limi… more

Date: January 1, 1992

Creator: LaBone, T.R.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Selected approaches to pathway analysis

Prediction of potential radionuclide exposure and the resulting health risk to individuals working on the site of a mining operation as well as to off-site individuals located down-wind or down-stream of such an operation, is facilitated by applying well-defined models and well-documented computer codes. Such methodologies and codes may have the advanages of being previously verified and applied, of having readily available data bases, of having supporting codes that may be used to prepare data… more

Date: January 1, 1988

Creator: Fields, D.E. & Uslu, I.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Safety questions relevant to nuclear thermal propulsion

Nuclear propulsion is necessary for successful Mars exploration to enhance crew safety and reduce mission costs. Safety concerns are considered by some to be an implements to the use of nuclear thermal rockets for these missions. Therefore, an assessment was made of the various types of possible accident conditions that might occur and whether design or operational solutions exist. With the previous work on the NERVA nuclear rocket, most of the issues have been addressed in some detail. Thus, a… more

Date: October 15, 1991

Creator: Buden, D.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Pacific Northwest Laboratory annual report for 1990 to the DOE Office of Energy Research

This report summarizes progress on OHER human health, biological, and general life sciences research programs conducted at PNL in FY 1990. The research develops the knowledge and scientific principles necessary to identify understand, and anticipate the long-term health consequences of energy-related radiation and chemicals. Our continuing emphasis is to decrease the uncertainty of health risk estimates from existing and developing energy-related technologies through an increased of understandi… more

Date: June 1, 1991

Creator: Park, J. F.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Pacific Northwest Laboratory ALARA report for CY 1990

This report provides summary results of the CY 1990 ALARA Program at the Pacific Northwest Laboratory. Information has been included regarding whole-body exposures to radiation, skin contaminations, and the nonradiological ALARA program.

Date: May 1, 1992

Creator: Ceffalo, G. M.; Oxley, C. L. & Wright, P. A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Comments on the EPA/NIOSH guide to respiratory protection in the asbestos abatement industry

The respirators recommended by EPA and NIOSH for asbestos are not only extreme and impractical, but more important, unlikely to provide the highest protection possible. Because of the ease of wearing, powered air purifying respirators may provide as good protection as air line devices with fewer interruptions. Placing carcinogens in the category of compounds that are considered immediately dangerous to life and health (IDLH) is a mistake and leads to error in the selection of respiratory protec… more

Date: January 1, 1987

Creator: Hack, A.L.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Performance indicators, third quarter CY-1991

Secretary of Energy Notice (SEN-29-91) directed that a Department- wide uniform system of Performance Indicators (PI's) for trending and analyzing operational data to help assess and support progress in improving performance and in strengthening line management control of operations relating to environmental safety, and health activities'' be developed. This Performance Indicator Report represents a compilation of data for the third quarter of calendar year 1991 for the following Lawrence Berke… more

Date: January 1, 1992

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Advanced Light Water Reactor utility requirements document

The ALWR Requirements Document is a primary work product of the EPRI Program. This document is an extensive compilation of the utility requirements for design, construction and performance of advanced light water reactor power plants for the 1990s and beyond. The Requirements Document's primary emphasis is on resolution of significant problems experienced at existing nuclear power plants. It is intended to be used with companion documents, such as utility procurement specifications, which would… more

Date: June 1, 1986

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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RCRA Facility Investigation report for Waste Area Grouping 6 at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee: Volume 3, Appendixes 1 Through 8

This report presents compiled information concerning a facility investigation of waste area group 6(WAG-6), of the solid waste management units (SWMU'S) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The WAG is a shallow ground disposal area for low-level radioactive wastes and chemical wastes. The report contains information on hydrogeological data, contaminant characterization, radionuclide concentrations, risk assessment from doses to humans and animals and associated cancer risks, exposure via fo… more

Date: September 1, 1991

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Analysis of exposure due to work on activated components

In this brief note the author summarized analysis of the exposure incurred in various maintenance jobs involving activated accelerator and beam line components at Fermilab. A tabulation was made of parameters associated with each job. Included are rather terse descriptions of the various tasks. The author presented various plots of the quantities in the table. All exposure rates are mR/hr while all exposures accumulated are mR. The exposure rates were generally measured at the Fermilab standard… more

Date: September 1, 1987

Creator: Cossairt, J.D.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department