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Criteria for the PNE seismic network. [On-site inspection against clandestine operations]

Description: A 1976 treaty between the United States and the Soviet Union permits a local seismic network to be deployed at the site of a peaceful nuclear explosion to monitor the event. Criteria for the design and selection of the data-acquisition equipment for such a network are provided. Constraints imposed by the protocol of the treaty, the environment, and the expected properties of seismic signals (based on experiences at the Nevada Test Site) are discussed. Conclusions are drawn about the desired ope… more
Date: March 23, 1978
Creator: Pruvost, N.L. (comp.)
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Single-station locations of seismic events

Description: This report describes the progress being made in event location using a single 3-component station. In this study locations are obtained using a backazimuth determined by the particle motion of Pn and a distance determined by differential travel times between Pn, Pg, and Lg relative to a master event of known location. The data set used consists of the seismic signals from 11 nuclear events at the Nevada Test Site (NTS) and recorded at the four Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) seis… more
Date: November 19, 1982
Creator: Burr, N.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Lightning discrimination by a ground-based nuclear burst detection system

Description: Sandia Laboratories is developing for the U.S. Army a Ground-Based Nuclear Burst Detection System to provide pertinent information for its field commanders and higher authorities. The equipment must operate in all kinds of weather and produce very low false alarms under all types of conditions. With these requirements, a study of the effects during thunderstorms, which includes thousands of lightning flashes, was conducted. The results of these studies were that, with suitable discrimination, t… more
Date: April 1, 1978
Creator: Thornbrough, A.D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Microwave interferometry to elucidate shock properties

Description: A series of measurements have been performed using a simple, light weight, inexpensive, compact K-Band (SLICK) interferometer to measure the shock properties of passive (Teflon, grout) and energetic (HE) materials. Shock and particle velocity measurements are made simultaneously along the same path. This path is determined by either a thin walled (1/2 mil aluminum foil) waveguide embedded in the material or the caustic of a Teflon axicon. Typically the velocities are determined to about a perce… more
Date: September 1, 1993
Creator: Luther, G. G. & Warthen, B. J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Seismic verification of underground explosions

Description: The first nuclear test agreement, the test moratorium, was made in 1958 and lasted until the Soviet Union unilaterally resumed testing in the atmosphere in 1961. It was followed by the Limited Test Ban Treaty of 1963, which prohibited nuclear tests in the atmosphere, in outer space, and underwater. In 1974 the Threshold Test Ban Treaty (TTBT) was signed, limiting underground tests after March 1976 to a maximum yield of 250 kt. The TTBT was followed by a treaty limiting peaceful nuclear explosio… more
Date: June 1, 1985
Creator: Glenn, Lewis A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Preliminary code development for seismic signal analysis related to test ban treaty questions

Description: Forensic seismology, from a present day viewpoint, appears to be divided into several areas. Overwhelmingly important, in view of current Complete Test Ban (CTB) discussions, is the seismological study of waves generated in the earth by underground nuclear explosions. Over the last two decades intensive effort has been devoted to developing improved observational apparatus and to the interpretation of the data produced by this equipment. It is clearly desirable to extract the maximum amount of … more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Brolley, J.E.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Surface and body waves from surface and underground explosions

Description: The characteristics of surface and ground waves were recorded for surface and underground explosions up to 100 tons and 40 kt in magnitude, respectively, and a preliminary analysis of these results is presented. The experiments were conducted at NTS in the Yucca Flats, Nevada. Ground motions were detected with triaxial geophones along seismic lines extending up to 16 miles from the point of explosions. A comparison of Rayleigh waves generated by surface and underground explosions in the same la… more
Date: June 1, 1976
Creator: Kusubov, A. S.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Processing of seismic signals for pattern recognition

Description: The study describes the preparation of seismic signals in order to identify the best technique for input to a pattern recognition scheme. The signal is first filtered with zero phase shift high and low pass Butterworth filters. It is then subjected to adaptive filtering and finally moving average filtering. Spectral decomposition in terms of circular functions is done via conventional Fourier and log P maximum entropy analysis. Spectral decomposition in terms of sequency functions, Walsh, and C… more
Date: January 1, 1978
Creator: Brolley, J.E.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

User`s manual for the CDC-1 digitizer controller

Description: A detailed description of how to use the CDC-1 digitizer controller is given. The CDC-1 is used with the CAMAC format digitizer models in the TRAQ series (manufactured by DSP Technology Inc.), the DAD-1 data acquisition daughter board, and the Intel i860-based SuperCard-2 (manufactured, by CSP Inc.) to form a high speed data acquisition and real time analysis system. Data can be transferred to the memory on the SuperCard-2 at a rate as high as 40 million 14-bit samples per second. Depending on … more
Date: September 1, 1994
Creator: Ferron, J. R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Continental seismic events observed by the MPL vertical DIFAR array

Description: The vertical DIFAR array, an underwater acoustic sensor system, deployed by the Marine Physical Laboratory (MPL) was in place over the continental shelf off of Southern California and recorded the HUNTERS TROPHY nuclear test and nearly a score of after-shocks of the Landers/Big Bear earthquakes. Data from this array raise the possibility that detection thresholds for continental events may be significantly lower for arrays over the continental shelf than for arrays in the deep ocean basins. Off… more
Date: November 1, 1993
Creator: Harris, D. B. & D`Spain, G.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Optimum frequencies for regional detection of cavity-decoupled explosions

Description: The natures of compressional (P) waves that originate in the crust, propagate in the crust and upper mantle, and are observed as Pg, Pn, and anti P waves at regional distances are examined. The discussion includes the observed variations of amplitude with epicentral distance for these waves as well as an estimate of values for the specific dissipation function Q/sub ..cap alpha../ in different regions. Studies were made on theoretical source and propagation functions for direct, reflected, and … more
Date: March 21, 1979
Creator: Rodean, H.C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Modelling of nuclear explosions in hard rock sites

Description: This study represents part of a larger effort to systematically model the effects of differing source region properties on ground motion from underground nuclear explosions at the Nevada Test Site. In previous work by the authors the primary emphasis was on alluvium and both saturated and unsaturated tuff. We have attempted to model events on Pahute Mesa, where either the working point medium, or some of the layers above the working point, or both, are hard rock. The complex layering at these s… more
Date: May 1, 1993
Creator: Brunish, W. M. & App, F. N.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Comparison of the non-proliferation event aftershocks with other Nevada Test Site events

Description: As part of a larger effort to develop technology for on-site inspection of ambiguous underground seismic events, we have been working to identify phenomenology of aftershock seismicity which would be useful for discriminating between nuclear explosions, chemical explosions, earthquakes or other seismic events. Phenomenology we have investigated includes; the spatial distribution of aftershocks, the number of aftershocks as a function of time after the main event, the size of the aftershocks, an… more
Date: April 1, 1994
Creator: Jarpe, S.; Goldstein, P. & Zucca, J. J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Numerical model of electromagnetic scattering off a subterranean 3-dimensional dielectric

Description: As part of the effort to develop On-Site Inspection (OSI) techniques for verification of compliance to a Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT), a computer code was developed to predict the interaction of an electromagnetic (EM) wave with an underground cavity. Results from the code were used to evaluate the use of surface electromagnetic exploration techniques for detection of underground cavities or rubble-filled regions characteristic of underground nuclear explosions.
Date: August 1, 1983
Creator: Dease, C. G. & Didwall, E. M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Spherical wave propagation in elastic media and its application to energy coupling for tamped and decoupled explosions

Description: The effects of variation in source and medium properties upon near- and far-field spectra for elastic waves are examined theoretically by considering spherical wave propagation in unbounded elastic media. This type of analysis, although idealized, provides insight into the relative effects of the various source and medium parameters on both tamped and decoupled explosions. It also provides a basis for interpreting both field and laboratory experimental data obtained during spherical wave propag… more
Date: January 26, 1979
Creator: Larson, D.B.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Elements of a system for verifying a Comprehensive Test Ban

Description: The paper discusses the goals of a monitoring system for a CTB, its functions, the challenges to verification, discrimination techniques, and some recent developments. It is concluded technical, military and political efforts are required to establish and verify test ban treaties which will contribute to stability in the long term. It currently appears there will be a significant number of unidentified events. (ACR)
Date: March 6, 1987
Creator: Hannon, W.J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Rummy high-altitude pressure measurements and analysis

Description: Five pressure-measurement canisters equipped with parachutes were deployed from an A7C aircraft on the Rummy test. Their altitudes above Yucca flat were over 8.5 km when the pressure pulse arrived. Three successful measurements were obtained. These time histories showed a more complicated behavior than histories obtained on Pahute Mesa tests because the Rummy event developed double spall closures over a large area. Excellent agreement was obtained between the observed pressure histories and tho… more
Date: January 1, 1982
Creator: Banister, J.R. & Hereford, W.V.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

User manual for the NTS ground motion data base retrieval program: ntsgm

Description: The NTS (Nevada Test Site) Ground Motion Data Base is composed of strong motion data recorded during the normal execution of the US underground test program. It contains surface, subsurface, and structure motion data as digitized waveforms. Currently the data base contains information from 148 underground explosions. This represents about 4,200 measurements and nearly 12,000 individual digitized waveforms. Most of the data was acquired by Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) in connection with… more
Date: May 1, 1994
Creator: App, F. N. & Tunnell, T. W.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

The Non-Proliferation Experiment recorded at the Pinedale. Seismic research facility

Description: The Non-Proliferation Experiment was recorded by five different seismic stations operated by Sandia National Laboratories at the Pinedale Seismic Research Facility, approximately 7.60 from the Nevada Test Site. Two stations are different versions of the Deployable Seismic Verification System developed by the Department of Energy to provide seismic data to verify compliance with a Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty. Vault and borehole versions of the Designated Seismic Stations also recorded the even… more
Date: June 1, 1994
Creator: Carr, D. B.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Mining-induced seismicity at the Lucky Friday Mine: Seismic events of magnitude >2.5, 1989--1994

Description: An understanding of the types of seismic events that occur in a deep mine provides a foundation for assessing the seismic characteristics of these events and the degree to which initiation of these events can be anticipated or controlled. This study is a first step toward developing such an understanding of seismic events generated by mining in the Coeur d`Alene Mining District of northern Idaho. It is based on information developed in the course of a long-standing rock burst research effort un… more
Date: September 1, 1996
Creator: Whyatt, J.K.; Williams, T.J.; Blake, W.; Sprenke, K. & Wideman, C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Seismic wave propagation through a low-velocity nuclear rubble zone

Description: A 2-dimensional finite-difference code has been developed as part of the Hydroacoustic Nuclear Proliferation Monitoring Project (ST639). This code is used to model seismic and acoustic wave propagation in the Earth`s crust and oceanic water column. As a demonstration, we investigate the propagation of seismic energy through a low-velocity region corresponding to the rubble zone created by an underground nuclear explosion. The geometry of the simulated source and surface recording instruments is… more
Date: October 1, 1993
Creator: Larsen, S. & Harris, D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Predictions of acoustic signals from explosions above and below the ocean surface: source region calculations

Description: In support of the Comprehensive Test Ban, research is underway on the long range propagation of signals from nuclear explosions in the deep underwater sound (SOFAR) channel. This first phase of our work at LLNL on signals in the source regions considered explosions in or above the deep (5000 m) ocean. We studied the variation of wave properties and source region energy coupling as a function of height or depth of burst. Initial calculations on CALE, a two-dimensional hydrodynamics code develope… more
Date: December 1, 1996
Creator: Clarke, D.B.; Piacsek, A. & White, J.W.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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