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Power conversion from environmentally scavenged energy sources.

Description: As the power requirements for modern electronics continue to decrease, many devices which were once dependent on wired power are now being implemented as portable devices operating from self-contained power sources. The most prominent source of portable power is the electrochemical battery, which converts chemical energy into electricity. However, long lasting batteries require large amounts of space for chemical storage, and inevitably require replacement when the chemical reaction no longer t… more
Date: September 1, 2007
Creator: Druxman, Lee Daniel
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

An Overview of Current and Past W-UO[2] CERMET Fuel Fabrication Technology

Description: Studies dating back to the late 1940s performed by a number of different organizations and laboratories have established the major advantages of Nuclear Thermal Propulsion (NTP) systems, particularly for manned missions. A number of NTP projects have been initiated since this time; none have had any sustained fuel development work that appreciably contributed to fuel fabrication or performance data from this era. As interest in these missions returns and previous space nuclear power researchers… more
Date: June 1, 2007
Creator: Burkes, Douglas E.; Wachs, Daniel M.; Werner, James E. & Howe, Steven D.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Annual Technical Progress Report of Radioisotope Power System Materials Production and Technology Programs Tasks for October 1, 2005, through September 30, 2006

Description: The Office of Space and Defense Power Systems of the Department of Energy (DOE) provides Radioisotope Power Systems (RPS) for applications where conventional power systems are not feasible. For example, radioisotope thermoelectric generators were supplied by the DOE to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration for deep space missions including the Cassini Mission launched in October of 1997 to study the planet Saturn. For the Cassini Mission, ORNL produced carbon-bonded carbon fiber (CB… more
Date: September 30, 2006
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Nuclear Rocket Facility Decommissioning Project: Controlled Explosive Demolition of Neutron-Activated Shield Wall

Description: Located in Area 25 of the Nevada Test Site (NTS), the Test Cell A (TCA) Facility (Figure 1) was used in the early to mid-1960s for testing of nuclear rocket engines, as part of the Nuclear Rocket Development Program, to further space travel. Nuclear rocket testing resulted in the activation of materials around the reactors and the release of fission products and fuel particles. The TCA facility, known as Corrective Action Unit 115, was decontaminated and decommissioned (D&D) from December 2… more
Date: June 1, 2008
Creator: Kruzic, Michael R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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ZPPR-20 Phase D : A Cylindrical Assembly of Polyethylene Moderated U Metal Reflected by Beryllium Oxide and Polyethylene.

Description: The Zero Power Physics Reactor (ZPPR) fast critical facility was built at the Argonne National Laboratory-West (ANL-W) site in Idaho in 1969 to obtain neutron physics information necessary for the design of fast breeder reactors. The ZPPR-20D Benchmark Assembly was part of a series of cores built in Assembly 20 (References 1 through 3) of the ZPPR facility to provide data for developing a nuclear power source for space applications (SP-100). The assemblies were beryllium oxide reflected and had… more
Date: September 30, 2006
Creator: Lell, R.; Grimm, K.; McKnight, R.; Shaefer, R.; Division, Nuclear Engineering & INL
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Materials Technology Support for Radioisotope Power Systems Final Report

Description: Over the period of this sponsored research, UDRI performed a number of materials related tasks that helped to facilitate increased understanding of the properties and applications of a number of candidate program related materials including; effects of neutron irradiation on tantalum alloys using a 500kW reactor, thermodynamic based modeling of the chemical species in weld pools, and the application of candidate coatings for increased oxidation resistance of FWPF (Fine Weave Pierced Fabric) mod… more
Date: October 7, 2008
Creator: Kramer, Daniel P. & Barklay, Chadwick D.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Autonomous Control of Space Reactor Systems

Description: Autonomous and semi-autonomous control is a key element of space reactor design in order to meet the mission requirements of safety, reliability, survivability, and life expectancy. Interrestrial nuclear power plants, human operators are avilable to perform intelligent control functions that are necessary for both normal and abnormal operational conditions.
Date: November 30, 2007
Creator: Upadhyaya, Belle R.; Zhao, K.; Perillo, S.R.P.; Xu, Xiaojia & Na, M.G.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Biaxial Creep Specimen Fabrication

Description: This report documents the results of the weld development and abbreviated weld qualification efforts performed by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) for refractory metal and superalloy biaxial creep specimens. Biaxial creep specimens were to be assembled, electron beam welded, laser-seal welded, and pressurized at PNNL for both in-pile (JOYO reactor, O-arai, Japan) and out-of-pile creep testing. The objective of this test campaign was to evaluate the creep behavior of primary cladding… more
Date: February 9, 2006
Creator: Bump, JL & Luther, RF
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Initial Assessment of Environmental Barrier Coatings for the Prometheus Project

Description: Depending upon final design and materials selections, a variety of engineering solutions may need to be considered to avoid chemical degradation of components in a notional space nuclear power plant (SNPP). Coatings are one engineered approach that was considered. A comprehensive review of protective coating technology for various space-reactor structural materials is presented, including refractory metal alloys [molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), rhenium (Re), tantalum (Ta), and niobium (Nb)], nic… more
Date: December 15, 2005
Creator: Frederick, M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

A Review of Tribological Coatings for Control Drive Mechanisms in Space Reactors

Description: Tribological coatings must provide lubrication for moving components of the control drive mechanism for a space reactor and prevent seizing due to friction or diffusion welding to provide highly reliable and precise control of reflector position over the mission lifetime. Several coatings were evaluated based on tribological performance at elevated temperatures and in ultrahigh vacuum environments. Candidates with proven performance in the anticipated environment are limited primarily to disulf… more
Date: February 21, 2006
Creator: Larkin, CJ; Edington, JD & Close, BJ
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

PERFORMANCE OF THE SAVANNAH RIVER SITE COULOMETER FOR NEPTUNIUM PROCESSACCOUNTABILITY AND NEPTUNIUM OXIDE PRODUCT CHARACTERIZATION

Description: The Savannah River Site's (SRS) H-Area B-Line (HB-Line) nuclear facility is processing neptunium solutions for stabilization as an oxide. The oxide will eventually be reprocessed and fabricated into target material and the 237Np irradiated to produce {sup 238}Pu in support of National Aeronautics and Space Administration space program missions. As part of nuclear materials accountability, solution concentrations were measured using a high-precision controlled-potential coulometer developed and … more
Date: June 4, 2008
Creator: Holland, M; Patterson Nuessle, P; Sheldon Nichols, S; Joe Cordaro, J & George Reeves, G
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Annual Technical Progress Report of Radioisotope Power System Materials Production and Technology Program Tasks for October 1, 2004, Through September 30, 2005

Description: The Office of Space and Defense Power Systems of the Department of Energy (DOE) provides Radioisotope Power Systems (RPS) for applications where conventional power systems are not feasible. For example, radioisotope thermoelectric generators were supplied by the DOE to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration for deep space missions including the Cassini Mission launched in October of 1997 to study the planet Saturn. For the Cassini Mission, ORNL produced carbon-bonded carbon fiber (CB… more
Date: September 30, 2005
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Feasibility of Thermoelectrics for Waste Heat Recovery in Hybrid Vehicles: Preprint

Description: Using advanced materials, thermoelectric conversion of efficiencies on the order of 20% may be possible in the near future. Thermoelectric generators offer potential to increase vehicle fuel economy by recapturing a portion of the waste heat from the engine exhaust and generating electricity to power vehicle accessory or traction loads.
Date: December 1, 2007
Creator: Smith, K. & Thornton, M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Assessing the Effects of Radiation Damage on Ni-base Alloys for the Prometheus Space Reactor System

Description: Ni-base alloys were considered for the Prometheus space reactor pressure vessel with operational parameters of {approx}900 K for 15 years and fluences up to 160 x 10{sup 20} n/cm{sup 2} (E > 0.1 MeV). This paper reviews the effects of irradiation on the behavior of Ni-base alloys and shows that radiation-induced swelling and creep are minor considerations compared to significant embrittlement with neutron ,exposure. While the mechanism responsible for radiation-induced embrittlement is not f… more
Date: January 19, 2006
Creator: Angeliu, T.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Request for Naval Reactors Comment on Proposed Prometheus Space Flight Nuclear Reactor High Tier Reactor Safety Requirements and for Naval Reactors Approval to Transmit These Requirements to JPL

Description: The purpose of this letter is to request Naval Reactors comments on the nuclear reactor high tier requirements for the PROMETHEUS space flight reactor design, pre-launch operations, launch, ascent, operation, and disposal, and to request Naval Reactors approval to transmit these requirements to Jet Propulsion Laboratory to ensure consistency between the reactor safety requirements and the spacecraft safety requirements. The proposed PROMETHEUS nuclear reactor high tier safety requirements are c… more
Date: April 28, 2005
Creator: Kokkinos, D.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Advanced Thermoelectric Materials for Efficient Waste Heat Recovery in Process Industries

Description: The overall objective of the project was to integrate advanced thermoelectric materials into a power generation device that could convert waste heat from an industrial process to electricity with an efficiency approaching 20%. Advanced thermoelectric materials were developed with figure-of-merit ZT of 1.5 at 275 degrees C. These materials were not successfully integrated into a power generation device. However, waste heat recovery was demonstrated from an industrial process (the combustion exha… more
Date: January 6, 2009
Creator: Polcyn, Adam & Khaleel, Moe
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Technical Review Report for the Safety Analysis Report for Packaging Model 9977 S-SARP-G-00001 Revision 2

Description: This Technical Review Report (TRR) summarizes the review findings for the Safety Analysis Report for Packaging (SARP) for the Model 9977 B(M)F-96 shipping container. The content analyzed for this submittal is Content Envelope C.1, Heat Sources, in assemblies of Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generators or food-pack cans. The SARP under review, i.e., S-SARP-G-00001, Revision 2 (August 2007), was originally referred to as the General Purpose Fissile Material Package. The review presented in this TRR… more
Date: October 4, 2007
Creator: DiSabatino, A; Hafner, R & West, M
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Capillary-Pumped Passive Reactor Concept for Space Nuclear Power

Description: To develop the passively-cooled space reactor concept using the capillary-induced lithium flow, since molten lithium possesses a very favorable surface tension characteristic. In space where the gravitational field is minimal, the gravity-assisted natural convection cooling is not effective nor an option for reactor heat removal, the capillary induced cooling becomes an attractive means of providing reactor cooling.
Date: May 30, 2008
Creator: Lin, Dr. Thomas F.; Hughes, Dr. Thomas G. & Miller, Christopher G.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Radiological Contingency Planning for the Mars Science Laboratory Launch

Description: The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) provides technical support to the requesting federal agency such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Department of Defense, the National Space and Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), or a state agency to address the radiological consequences of an event. These activities include measures to alleviate damage, loss, hardship, or suffering caused by the incident; protect public health and safety; restore essential government services; and provide em… more
Date: March 1, 2008
Creator: Guss, Paul
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Evaluation of Aqueous and Powder Processing Techniques for Production of Pu-238-Fueled General Purpose Heat Sources

Description: This report evaluates alternative processes that could be used to produce Pu-238 fueled General Purpose Heat Sources (GPHS) for radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTG). Fabricating GPHSs with the current process has remained essentially unchanged since its development in the 1970s. Meanwhile, 30 years of technological advancements have been made in the fields of chemistry, manufacturing, ceramics, and control systems. At the Department of Energy’s request, alternate manufacturing methods w… more
Date: June 1, 2008
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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RECENT ACTIVITIES AT THE CENTER FOR SPACE NUCLEAR RESEARCH FOR DEVELOPING NUCLEAR THERMAL ROCKETS

Description: Nuclear power has been considered for space applications since the 1960s. Between 1955 and 1972 the US built and tested over twenty nuclear reactors/ rocket-engines in the Rover/NERVA programs. However, changes in environmental laws may make the redevelopment of the nuclear rocket more difficult. Recent advances in fuel fabrication and testing options indicate that a nuclear rocket with a fuel form significantly different from NERVA may be needed to ensure public support. The Center for Space N… more
Date: September 1, 2001
Creator: O'Brien, Robert C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Fission with cold neutrons

Description: As NASA continues the exploration of deep space, there is a need for safe, reliable, and long-lasting source of energy. Solar cells, which are useful at the inner solar system, cannot provide adequate power for a spacecraft once it has passed beyond Jupiter's orbit. For missions to the outer planets, NASA has relied on radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTGs) using 238Pua s a heat source. RTGs are an excellent power conversion technology but, unfortunately, 238Pu is a potential environment… more
Date: January 1, 2002
Creator: Sanchez, R. G. (Rene G.)
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Initial tests of thermoacoustic space power engine.

Description: Future NASA deep-space missions will require radioisotope-powered electric generators that are just as reliable as current RTGs, but more efficient and of higher specific power (Wikg). Thennoacoustic engines at the -1-kW scale have converted high-temperature heat into acoustic, or PV, power without moving parts at 30% efficiency. Consisting of only tubes and a few heat exchangers, thennoacoustic engines are low mass and promise to be highly reliable. Coupling a thennoacoustic engine to a low ma… more
Date: January 1, 2002
Creator: Backhaus, S. N. (Scott N.)
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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