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Energy-consumption modelling

Description: A highly sophisticated and accurate approach is described to compute on an hourly or daily basis the energy consumption for space heating by individual buildings, urban sectors, and whole cities. The need for models and specifically weather-sensitive models, composite models, and space-heating models are discussed. Development of the Colorado State University Model, based on heat-transfer equations and on a heuristic, adaptive, self-organizing computation learning approach, is described. Result… more
Date: April 1980
Creator: Reiter, Elmar R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Whole facility energy use monitoring

Description: Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) is conducting numerous field monitoring studies of the induces of energy in buildings. Energy use monitoring techniques have been developed to provide reliable empirical measurements of energy consumption according to enduse and time of day. These measurements are analyzed in conjunction with climate and site characteristics data to determine energy use efficiencies and identify energy conservation and load management opportunities. This paper draws upon this … more
Date: May 1, 1989
Creator: Mazzucchi, R.P. & Jo, J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Ice slurry cooling development and field testing

Description: A new advanced cooling technology collaborative program is underway involving Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Northern States Power (NSP) and the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI). The program will conduct field tests of an ice slurry distributed load network cooling concept at a Northern States Power utility service center to further develop and prove the technology and to facilitate technology transfer to the private sector. The program will further develop at Argonne National Labor… more
Date: January 1, 1992
Creator: Kasza, K.E. (Argonne National Lab., IL (United States)); Hietala, J. (Northern States Power Co., Minneapolis, MN (United States)); Wendland, R.D. (Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, CA (United States)) & Collins, F. (USDOE, Washington, DC (United States))
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Opportunities for utility involvement with solar domestic hot water

Description: Solar water heating is one of a number of options that can be considered under utility demand-side management (DSM) programs. Utilities perceive a range of potential benefits for solar water heating in terms of customer service, energy conservation, load management, environmental enhancement, and public relations. The solar industry may benefit from utility marketing efforts, economies of scale, added credibility, financing options, and long-term maintenance arrangements. This paper covers thre… more
Date: May 1, 1992
Creator: Carlisle, N.; Christensen, C. (National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO (United States)) & Barrett, L. (Barrett Consulting Associates, Inc., Colorado Springs, CO (United States))
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Maximizing the value of thermally integrated hydroelectric generating facilities

Description: This paper presents a demonstration of a phenomenon known as hydro-shifting, which relates to the provision of two sources of electric power to customers. The extent that these resources are used in each period is shown to depend partly on the time of day in which the power is provided. Although the dispatcher could combine thermal resales with hydro power in equal proportions for its customers in both periods, a rationalization is presented that justifies the withholding of some water until th… more
Date: January 1, 1992
Creator: Edwards, B.K.; Flaim, S.J. & Ancrile, J.D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Conservation voltage reduction: Estimating methodology for a large regional application

Description: Conservation Voltage Reduction (CVR) is an established and cost-effective practice that has motivated many utilities to investigate its application on individual systems. This paper describes a supply-curve methodology that can determine the conservation value of CVR applied to many distribution systems in a region. In the area served by Bonneville Power Administration involving approximately 150 utilities, the systematic implementations of CVR could conserve between 170 and 268 Average Megawat… more
Date: April 1, 1992
Creator: De Steese, J.G. (Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA (United States)); Kennedy, B.W. (Bonneville Power Administration, Portland, OR (United States)) & Merrick, S.B. (Westinghouse Hanford Co., Richland, WA (United States))
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Photovoltaic systems and applications

Description: Abstracts are given of presentations given at a project review meeting held at Albuquerque, NM. The proceedings cover the past accomplishments and current activities of the Photovoltaic Systems Research, Balance-of-System Technology Development and System Application Experiments Projects at Sandia National Laboratories. The status of intermediate system application experiments and residential system analysis is emphasized. Some discussion of the future of the Photovoltaic Program in general, an… more
Date: January 1, 1982
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Conservation screening curves to compare efficiency investments topower plants: Applications to commercial sector conservationprograms

Description: This paper describes a simplified methodology to compare supply and demand-side resources. The screening curve approach supplements with load shape information the data contained in a supply curve of conserved energy. In addition, a screening curve contains information on competing supply technologies, such as annualized capital costs, variable costs, and cost per delivered kWh. The information in the screening curve allows policymakers to promptly and conveniently compare the relevant paramete… more
Date: August 1, 1990
Creator: Koomey, Jonathan; Rosenfeld, Arthur H. & Gadgil, Ashok J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Thermal energy storage for coal-fired power generation

Description: This paper presents an engineering and economic evaluation of using thermal energy storage (TES) with coal-fired conventional and combined cycle power plants. In the first case, conventional pulverized coal combustion equipment was assumed to continuously operate to heat molten nitrate salt which was then stored in a tank. During intermediate-load demand periods, hot salt was withdrawn from storage and used to generate steam for a Rankine steam power cycle. This allowed the coal-fired salt heat… more
Date: November 1990
Creator: Drost, M. K.; Somasundaram, S.; Brown, D. R. & Antoniak, Z. I.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

DOE/ORNL demonstrations of load management by controlled customer-side thermal energy storage

Description: The Division of Electric Energy Systems of the Department of Energy is funding a nationwide demonstration of electric load management through the use of utility-controlled customer-side thermal energy storage for residential space conditioning. These demonstration projects, which are being conducted by utilities under contract to ORNL, are designed to (1) collect reliable load-research data for assessing the impact on the utility system, (2) delineate and solve installation problems, (3) establ… more
Date: January 1, 1979
Creator: Kuliasha, M.A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Commercial building energy use monitoring for utility load research

Description: This paper describes a method to acquire empirical data regarding commercial building energy performance for utility load research. The method was devised and implemented for a large scale monitoring program being conducted for a federal electricity marketing and transmission agency in the Pacific Northwest states. An important feature of this method is its hierarchical approach, wherein building types, end-use loads, and key building characteristics are classified to accommodate analysis at ma… more
Date: January 1, 1987
Creator: Mazzucchi, R.P.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Status of Load Management Storage Demonstrations

Description: DOE is funding a nationwide demonstration of electric load management through the use of utility-controlled, customer-side thermal energy storage for residential space conditioning. The general concept of the projects was developed with the assistance of a broadly based working group drawn from the utility industry. This paper presents the current status of these demonstrations. Ten demonstrations are underway - five heat storage and five cool storage - using between 30 and 50 near-commercial t… more
Date: January 1, 1979
Creator: Long, H. M. & Mohre, D. L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Superconducting magnetic energy storage applications and benefits for electric utility power systems

Description: Large SMES units are being studied for electric utility applications as diurnal, load-curve leveling and as transient stabilizer units. Such SMES units show promise of providing greater operating flexibility than pumped-hydro or other types of energy storage. This operating flexibility, together with its fast response capability to provide transient and dynamic stabilization benefits to a power system, are discussed. Small SMES units are being designed for dynamic stability applications on elec… more
Date: January 1, 1979
Creator: Turner, R. D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

(ACEEE summer study on energy efficiency in buildings)

Description: The ACEEE Summer Study is a biennial conference that aims to bring together the foremost researchers, practitioners and policy makers involved in research on energy efficiency in buildings. The 1990 Summer Study had the objective to facilitate the exchange of research and implementation results and encourage the advancement of knowledge in the field of energy efficiency in buildings. The research papers presented at the conference published and distributed. Two hundred seventy two papers were p… more
Date: January 1, 1990
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Flow excursion experiments with a production reactor assembly mockup

Description: A series of power ramp and loss-of-coolant accidents were simulated with an electrically heated mockup of a Savannah River Site production reactor assembly. The one-to-one scale mockup had full multichannel annular geometry in its heated section in addition to prototypical inlet and outlet endfitting hardware. Power levels causing void generation and flow instability in the water coolant flowing through the mockup were found under different transient and quasi-steady state test conditions. A re… more
Date: January 1, 1990
Creator: Rush, G.C.; Blake, J.E. (Babcock and Wilcox Co., Alliance, OH (USA)) & Nash, C.A. (Westinghouse Savannah River Co., Aiken, SC (USA))
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Purifying mixed-use electrical consumption data

Description: This paper describes several analytical techniques for obtaining pure end-use load information from mixed end-use consumption data. This process is frequently necessary to make metered data useful to those involved in electric utility load forecasting and conservation assessment. Analyses based on traditional thermal models can be greatly augmented by these data sets if the measured entities correspond to those for which modeled estimates are necessary. We present two scenarios in which greater… more
Date: September 1, 1990
Creator: Taylor, Z. T. & Pratt, R. G.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Miscellaneous equipment in commercial buildings: The inventory, utilization, and consumption by equipment type

Description: The nature of the miscellaneous equipment (devices other than permanently installed lighting and those used for space conditioning) in commercial buildings is diverse, comprising a wide variety of devices that are subject to varied patterns of use. This portion of the commercial load is frequently underestimated, and widely hypothesized to be growing. These properties make it a particularly difficult load to characterize for purposes of demand-side management. In the End-Use Load and Consumer A… more
Date: September 1, 1990
Creator: Pratt, R. G.; Williamson, M. A. & Richman, E. E.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Peak-load pricing and thermal energy storage

Description: Twenty papers were presented at the meeting. A separate abstract was prepared for each of 19 papers. One paper was processed previously for the Energy Data Base (EDB). Fifteen of the papers were processed for inclusion in Energy Abstracts for Policy Analysis (EAPA). (LCL)
Date: January 1, 1979
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Thermal energy storage for an integrated coal gasification combined-cycle power plant

Description: This study investigates the use of molten nitrate salt thermal energy storage in an integrated gasification combined-cycle power plant allowing the facility to economically provide peak- and intermediate-load electric power. The results of the study show that an integrated gasification combined-cycle power plant with thermal energy storage can reduce the cost of coal-fired peak- or intermediate-load electric power by between 5% and 20% depending on the plants operating schedule. The use of dire… more
Date: March 1, 1990
Creator: Drost, M. K.; Antoniak, Z. I. & Brown, D. R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Institutional barriers to DSM (demand side management): Reviewing the regulatory bargain

Description: The paper discusses traditional arguments for utility regulation in the context of the current utility environment. It reviews several DSM delivery options using a matrix of key financial considerations for utilities and consumers. The strengths and weaknesses of each option are discussed and an assessment of current prospects for DSM implementation is provided. The premise of the paper is that adoption of DSM by utilities and consumers has lagged because of technical and behavioral uncertainti… more
Date: September 1, 1990
Creator: Warwick, W. M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Modeling Regional Power Transfers

Description: The Spot Market Network (SMN) model was used to estimate spot market transactions and prices between various North American Electric Reliability Council (NERC) regions for summer on-peak situations. A preliminary analysis of new or proposed additions to the transmission network was performed. The effects of alternative exempt wholesale generator (EWG) options on spot market transactions and the transmission system are also studied. This paper presents the SMN regional modelling approach and sum… more
Date: March 1, 1994
Creator: Kavicky, J. A. & Veselka, T. D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Ice slurry cooling development and field testing

Description: A new advanced cooling technology collaborative program is underway involving Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Northern States Power (NSP) and the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI). The program will conduct field tests of an ice slurry distributed load network cooling concept at a Northern States Power utility service center to further develop and prove the technology and to facilitate technology transfer to the private sector. The program will further develop at Argonne National Labor… more
Date: July 1, 1992
Creator: Kasza, K. E.; Hietala, J.; Wendland, R. D. & Collins, F.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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