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High temperature ceramic membrane reactors for coal liquid upgrading

Description: In this project we intend to study a novel process concept, i.e, the use of ceramic membranes reactors in upgrading of coal derived liquids. Membrane reactors have been used in a number of catalytic reaction processes in order to overcome the limitations on conversion imposed by thermodynamic equilibrium. They have, furthermore, the inherent capability for combining reaction and separation in a single step. Thus they offer promise for improving and optimizing yield, selectivity and performance … more
Date: January 1, 1992
Creator: Tsotsis, T.T.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Advancement of flash hydrogasification. Quarterly technical progress report, October-December 1984

Description: The design of test hardware and process development unit (PDU) modifications had been completed previously. Task VII involves the fabrication of test hardware and the modification of an existing 1-ton/h hydroliquefaction PDU at Rockwell's facilities for use as a hydrogasifier test facility. Test hardware fabrication has been completed. Modifications to the PDU were completed in July 1984. The modified facility can accommodate both 10- and 20-ft-long hydrogasifier reactors so that residence time… more
Date: September 1, 1985
Creator: Falk, A. Y.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Low-cost solar array project. Task I. Silicon material. Investigation of the hydrogenation of SiCl/sub 4/

Description: Reaction kinetic measurements on the hydrochlorination of SiCl/sub 4/ and m.g. silicon metal were last reported as a function of reaction temperature, reactor pressure, H/sub 2//SiCl/sub 4/ ratio and silicon metal particle size distribution, 3 SiCl/sub 4/ + 2 H/sub 2/ + Si reversible 4 SiHCl/sub 3/. The effect of impurities in the m.g. silicon metal on the rate of this reaction has been investigated in this quarter. The m.g. silicon was replaced with high purity, electronic grade silicon metal … more
Date: October 7, 1980
Creator: Mui, J. Y. P. & Seyferth, D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Flash hydropyrolysis of coal. Quarterly report No. 2, April 1--June 30, 1977

Description: With the combination of low hydrogen to coal ratio, high coal feed rate and larger total quantity of coal fed, considerable liquid product is being condensed and collected. Experimental runs conducted at 750/sup 0/C and 800/sup 0/C at pressures up to 3000 psi of hydrogen show overall hydrocarbon yields and particularly gaseous hydrocarbon yields to increase with pressure to approximately 60 percent at 3000 psi. At 750/sup 0/C approximately one third (20 percent) of this yield is in the form of … more
Date: July 1, 1977
Creator: Fallon, P
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Novel nanodispersed coal liquefaction catalysts: Molecular design via microemulsion-based synthesis

Description: The objective of this project is to pursue the development of highly dispersed and inexpensive catalysts for improved coal solubilization and upgrading of coal liquids. A novel study of the synthesis of liquefaction catalysts of nanometer size will be carried out. It is based on the molecular design of reverse micelles (microemulsions). These surfactant-stabilized, metal bearing microdrops offer unique opportunities for synthesizing very small particles by providing a cage-like effect that limi… more
Date: April 1, 1991
Creator: Osseo-Asare, K. & Radovic, L.R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Thermodynamics of the hydrodenitrogenation of carbazole

Description: A thermodynamic analysis, based on accurate experimental Gibbs energies of formation, was completed for the key hydrogen-consuming steps in the HDN reaction network for carbazole. The results were compared with literature reaction studies. The concept of crossover temperature'' is shown to be a valuable tool in the interpretation of literature reaction-study results. Methods of nitrogen removal from aromatic materials are discussed in light of the findings of the thermodynamic analysis. It is c… more
Date: October 1, 1991
Creator: Steele, W. V. & Chirico, R. D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Novel nanodispersed coal liquefaction catalysts: Molecular design via microemulsion-based synthesis

Description: The objective of this project is to pursue the development of highly dispersed and inexpensive catalysts for improved coal solubilization and upgrading of coal liquids. A novel study of the synthesis of liquefaction catalysts of nanometer size will be carried out. It is based on the molecular design of reverse micelles (microemulsions). These surfactant-stabilized, metal-bearing microdrops offer unique opportunities for synthesizing very small particles by providing a cage-like effect that limi… more
Date: July 1, 1991
Creator: Osseo-Asare, K. & Radovic, L.R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Novel nanodispersed coal liquefaction catalysts: Molecular design via microemulsion-based synthesis

Description: The objective of this project is to pursue the development of highly dispersed and inexpensive catalysts for improved coal solubilization and upgrading of coal liquids. A novel study of the synthesis of liquefaction catalysts of nanometer size will be carried out. It is based on the molecular design of reverse micelles (microemulsions). These surfactant-stabilized, metal-bearing microdrops offer unique opportunities for synthesizing very small particles by providing a cage-like effect that limi… more
Date: April 1, 1992
Creator: Osseo-Asare, K.; Boakye, E.; Vaidyanathan, N. & Radovic, L.R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Control of catalytic hydrotreating selectivity with ammonia. [Hydrodeoxygenation]

Description: The hydrogenation of naphthalene in the presence of 0, 24, or 48 kPa of ammonia derived from propyl amine was studied during the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of dibenzofuran (DBF). A new sample of sulfided NiMo/Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} catalyst at 360{degrees}C, 6.9 MPa total H{sub 2} pressure in a vapor phase tubular reactor was used. As a base-line the HDO of DBF was also studied in the absence of both naphthalene and ammonia. Ammonia inhibited both the HDO of dibenzofuran and the hydrogenation of napht… more
Date: January 1, 1992
Creator: Satterfield, C. N. & Lee, C. M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Advancement of flash hydrogasification. Quarterly technical progress report, July-September 1984

Description: The design of test hardware and process development unit (PDU) modifications had been completed previously. Task VII involves the fabrication of test hardware and the modification of an existing 1-ton/h hydroliquefaction PDU at Rockwell's facilities for use as a hydrogasifier test facility. Modifications to the PDU have been completed. The modified facility is designed to accommodate both 10- and 20-ft-long hydrogasifier reactors so that residence times will be in the range of 2 to 6 s when coa… more
Date: September 1, 1985
Creator: Falk, A. Y.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Short residence time hydropyrolysis of coal. Technical progress report, 1 October 1979-31 December 1979

Description: A fundamental study of the hydropyrolysis of small coal particles at high pressures and short residence times of both solid and gas is underway to elucidate the chemical and physical rate processes governing the yield and product distributions. Our experimental system has been designed to rapidly heat and quench small samples of coal in batch. Heating rates to 10/sup 4/ degree C/s and temperatures to 1000/sup 0/C are feasible, and quench times of the order of 50 ms have been achieved. Throughou… more
Date: January 1, 1979
Creator: Saville, D. A. & Russel, W. B.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Low cost solar array project. Quarterly progress report, January-March 1980

Description: The overall objective of the LSA Silicon Material Task is to establish a chemical process for producing silicon at a rate and rice commensurate with the production goals of the LSA project for solar-cell modules. As part of -- overall Silicon Material Task, Union Carbide developed the silane-silicon process and advanced the technology to the point where it has a definite potential for providing high-purity polysilicon on a commercial scale at a price of $14/kg by 1986 (1980 dollars). This work,… more
Date: January 1, 1980
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Kinetic and infrared study of the effect of metal crystallite size and metal-support interactions on CO hydrogenation reactions: a third-year progress report

Description: Platinum and palladium supported on four different oxide materials - SiO/sub 2/, Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/, SiO/sub 2/-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/, and TiO/sub 2/ - have been studied in depth. Different preparative techniques were utilized to vary metal particle size and change the state of the metal. For example, Pt and Pd deposited on TiO/sub 2/ and reduced at low temperatures (175 to 200/sup 0/C) exhibit normal adsorption behavior, whereas these same catalysts reduced at a high temperature (500/sup 0/C) trans… more
Date: January 1, 1980
Creator: Vannice, M. A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Studies of Coupled Chemical and Catalytic Coal Conversion Methods

Description: The objective of this research was to convert coal into a soluble substance under mild conditions. The strategy involved two steps, first to breakdown the macromolecular network of coal, and second to add hydrogen catalytically. We investigated different basic reagents that could, in priciple, break down coal's structure and alkylation strategies that might enhance its solubility. We examined O- and C-alkylation, the importance of the strength of the base, the character of the added alkyl group… more
Date: December 1, 1991
Creator: Stock, L. M.; Chatterjee, K.; Cheng, C.; Ettinger, M.; Flores, F.; Jiralerspong, S. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Selective solvent absorption in coal conversion

Description: The objectives of this project are: (1) to determine the importance of the presence of added hydrogen donor compounds within the coal in the first stage of direct liquefaction processes; and (2) to determine the composition of the solvent absorbed by and present within the coal in the first stage of direct coal liquefaction.
Date: April 1, 1992
Creator: Larsen, J. W.; Lapucha, A.; Lazarov, L. & Amui, J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Catalytic hydrogenation of carbon monoxide

Description: This project is focused on developing strategies to accomplish the reduction and hydrogenation of carbon monoxide to produce organic oxygenates at mild conditions. Our approaches to this issue are based on the recognition that rhodium macrocycles have unusually favorable thermodynamic values for producing a series of intermediate implicated in the catalytic hydrogenation of CO. Observations of metalloformyl complexes produced by reactions of H{sub 2} and CO, and reductive coupling of CO to form… more
Date: December 1, 1992
Creator: Wayland, B.B.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Mechanisms and kinetics of coal hydrogenation. Progress report, January-June 1980

Description: The objective of this task is to utilize the continuous-flow bench-scale coal liquefaction reactor system at CSM to investigate the rate of reaction of different coals at different processing conditions. Particularly, reaction rates at short residence times are to be measured in a Continuous Flow Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR), and this information used to model reactions in the Plug Flow Reactor (PFR) section of the unit. Work during the past 6 months has focused on completing modifications to th… more
Date: July 1, 1980
Creator: Gary, J H; Baldwin, R M & Bain, R L
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Amorphous thin films for solar-cell applications. Final report, September 11, 1978-September 10, 1979

Description: In Section II, Theoretical Modeling, theories for the capture of electrons by deep centers in hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) and for field-dependent quantum efficiency in a-Si:H are presented. In Section III, Deposition and Doping Studies, the optimization of phosphorus-doped a-Si:H carried out in four different discharge systems is described. Some details of the dc proximity and rf magnetron discharge systems are also provided. Preliminary mass spectroscopy studies of the rf magnetron… more
Date: February 1, 1980
Creator: Carlson, D. E.; Balberg, I.; Crandall, R. S.; Goldstein, B. C.; Hanak, J. J.; Pankove, J. I. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Low-Cost Solar Array Project. Task I. Silicon material: investigation of the hydrogenation of SiCl/sub 4/. Fifth quarterly report

Description: Reaction kinetic measurements on the hydrochlorination of SiCl/sub 4/ and mg silicon metal in the presence of a copper catalyst were last reported as a function of reaction temperature, reactor pressure and H/sub 2//SiCl/sub 4/ ratio, 3 SiCl/sub 4/ + 2 H/sub 2/ + Si ..-->.. 4 SiHCl/sub 3/. The same reaction was repeated at a lower catalyst loading of 2 wt%. In the presence of 2 wt% cuprous chloride (based on silicon metal), the hydrochlorination reaction rate is doubled to give about the sam… more
Date: July 3, 1980
Creator: Mui, J. Y. P.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Flash hydropyrolysis of coal (FHP)

Description: The present studies concentrate on the rapid gas phase non-catalytic hydrogenation of a non-caking coal (lignite) maximizing liquid hydrocarbon yields for distillate fuels and chemical feedstock. The features of a non-catalytic process and direct hydrogenation in one step to liquid distillates tend to improve the efficiency and reduce capital and operating costs compared to other liquefaction processes such as Fischer-Tropsch. The basis of the process is to rapidly heat pulverized lignite to el… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Steinberg, M. & Fallon, P. T.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Enhanced coal hydrogasification via oxidative pretreatment

Description: The gasification of coal char by hydrogen is much slower than in steam or carbon dioxide; moreover, hydrogasification rate in pure hydrogen decreases sharply with conversion for most carbons. To overcome this kinetic behavior, the oxidation of the char prior to and during hydrogasification has been investigated as a means of enhancing hydro gasification rate. Kinetic rate studies under well-characterized conditions have been complemented by careful surface analyses to characterize oxygen on the… more
Date: April 16, 1992
Creator: Miller, D.J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Fossil energy research meeting

Description: U.S. ERDA's research programs in fossil energy are reviewed with brief descriptions, budgets, etc. Of general interest are discussions related to the capabilities for such research of national laboratories, universities, energy centers, etc. Of necessity many items are treated briefly, but a general overview of the whole program is provided. (LTN)
Date: December 1, 1977
Creator: Kropschot, R. H. & Phillips, G. C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Fundamental studies of grain boundary passivation in polycrystalline silicon with application to improved photovoltaic devices. A final research report covering work completed from February-December 1979

Description: Several aspects of the electrical properties of silicon grain boundaries have been studied. The temperature dependence of the zero-bias conductance and capacitance of single boundaries has been measured and shown to be in good agreement with a simple double depletion layer/thermal emission (DDL/TE) model developed to predict the transport properties of such structures. In addition, it has been shown that deconvolution of the I-V properties of some boundaries via a deconvolution scheme suggested… more
Date: February 1, 1980
Creator: Seager, C. H. & Ginley, D. S.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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