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Prediction of limestone requirements for SO/sub 2/ emission control in atmospheric pressure fluidized-bed combustion

Description: The limestone-SO/sub 2/ reactivity as determined on a thermogravimetric analyzer was used to estimate the quantity of limestone required to meet the SO/sub 2/ emission standard in atmospheric fluidized-bed coal combustors. Comparison of laboratory TGA calcium utilization with pilot plant experimental results were made. Estimates of SO/sub 2/ retention in a carbon burnup cell were made for various limestone feed options. From this information, estimates of limestone requirements for an AFBC-CBC … more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Snyder, R. B.; Wilson, W. I. & Johnson, I.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Reducing the environmental impact on solid wastes from a fluidized-bed combustor

Description: The use of three options for the reduction of the environmental impact of the solid sorbents used to control SO/sub 2/-emission in fluidized-bed coal combustion systems has been experimentally examined. The three options are: (1) the use of chemical reactivity enhancement agents, such as NaCl, (2) the regeneration and reuse of the limestone and (3) the use of synthetic sorbents. The quantity of waste decreases in the order (1) to (3) while the cost increases in the order (1) to (3). Both the us… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Johnson, I.; Vogel, G. J.; Montagna, J.; Shearer, J.; Snyder, R.; Swift, W. et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Fossil energy research meeting

Description: U.S. ERDA's research programs in fossil energy are reviewed with brief descriptions, budgets, etc. Of general interest are discussions related to the capabilities for such research of national laboratories, universities, energy centers, etc. Of necessity many items are treated briefly, but a general overview of the whole program is provided. (LTN)
Date: December 1, 1977
Creator: Kropschot, R. H. & Phillips, G. C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Status report: waste incineration and fixation for Waste Management, Production, and Reprocessing Division of the Department of Energy (July--December 1976)

Description: Fluidized bed incineration and waste fixation processes are being used to process the types of wastes expected from nuclear fuel reprocessing and production plants. Test incineration runs have been made on two types of wastes: high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters and tributyl phosphate-solvent solutions. Laboratory-scale vitrification equipment was used to produce glass pellets from incinerator ash and blends of other expected waste streams. Computer modeling gave an expected product … more
Date: November 25, 1977
Creator: Ziegler, D. L.; White, J. W.; Johnson, A. J.; Fong, L. Q.; Teter, A. R. & Chung, S. F.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Regenerative Process for Desulfurization of High Temperature Combustion and Fuel Gases. Quarterly Progress Report No. 6, July 1--September 30, 1977

Description: The Brookhaven Regeneration Process, which comprises reacting the sulfated limestone with fly ash from a FBC in a solid-solid contacting kiln-type reactor, has been shown to be more promising than other processes currently under development. Much improvement can be made by optimizing the operating conditions which are primarily: gas flow rate, degree of agitation (rpm), additives (both solids and gases, e.g. steam), types of carbon, etc. TGA kinetic studies also showed promising results. Cyclic… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Yang, R. T.; Albanese, A. S.; Chen, J. M.; Farber, G.; Kainz, F. B.; Pruzansky, J. et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Coal technology program. Progress report, May 1977

Description: Two successful operability tests with sustained operation of the bench-scale hydrocarbonizer were achieved with Illinois No. 6 coal diluted with char. Several activities in the area of nondestructive testing of coatings are reviewed. Failure analysis activities included examination of several components from the solvent refined coal plants at Wilsonville, Alabama, and Tacoma, Washington. In the gas-fired potassium boiler project, all of the design work were completed except for several of the i… more
Date: July 1, 1977
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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An Analysis of the High-Temperature Particulate Collection Problem

Description: Particulate agglomeration and separation at high temperatures and pressures are examined, with particular emphasis on the unique features of the direct-cycle application of fluidized-bed combustion. The basic long-range mechanisms of aerosol separation are examined, and the effects of high temperature and high pressure on usable collection techniques are assessed. Primary emphasis is placed on those avenues that are not currently attracting widespread research. The high-temperature, particulate… more
Date: October 1977
Creator: Razgaitis, Richard
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Fluidized-Bed Regeneration of Sulfated Dolomite from a Coal-Fired FBC Process by Reductive Decomposition

Description: A fluidized-bed, reductive decomposition process has been developed for regenerating calcium sulfate, a product of fluidized-bed combustion. The effect of process operating variables on the extent of regeneration and on the SO2 levels in the off-gas has been determined, and a process model has been proposed. A process for regenerating spent SO2 sorbents has been developed on a PDU scale. Tymochtee dolomite that had been sulfated during fluidized-bed combustion of coal is regenerated (reductive… more
Date: April 1977
Creator: Montagna, John C.; Vogel, Gerhard J.; Smith, Gregory W. & Jonke, Albert A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Numerical Modeling of Fluidized-Bed Combustor

Description: Optimum design of fluidized-bed combustor requires high carbon burn-up, good sulfur retention, minimized sorbent (Ca) utilization, efficient feed distribution and mechanical layout. These parameters are strongly affected by the dynamics of the fluidized bed. The dynamic behavior of fluidized combustor is formulated in terms of multidomain - multiphase mechanics. Fluidization, bubble mechanics, coal combustion, sorbent sulfation, oxidation, solids movement and elutriation, and heat transfer are … more
Date: November 1977
Creator: Sha, W. T. & Soo, S. L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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0. 20-m (8-in.) Primary Burner Development Report

Description: High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactors (HTGRs) utilize graphite-base fuels. Fluidized-bed burners are being employed successfully in the experimental reprocessing of these fuels. The primary fluidized-bed burner is a unit operation in the reprocessing flowsheet in which the graphite moderator is removed. A detailed description of the development status of the 0.20-m (8-in.) diameter primary fluidized-bed burner as of July 1, 1977 is presented. Experimental work to date performed in 0.10; 0.20; an… more
Date: December 1977
Creator: Stula, R. T.; Young, D. T. & Rode, J. S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Energy utilization and environmental control technologies in the coal-electric cycle

Description: This report presents an overview and assessment of the currently commercial and possible future technologies in the United States that are a part of the coal-electric cycle. From coal production to residual emissions control at the power plant stack, this report includes a brief history, current status and future assessment of each technology. It also includes a discussion, helpful for policy making decisions, of the process operation, environmental emission characteristics, market constraints … more
Date: October 1, 1977
Creator: Ferrell, G. C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Coal power and combustion. Quarterly report, January--March 1977

Description: ERDA's coal combustion and power program has focused on two major areas: Direct combustion of coal and advanced power systems. Efforts in the area of direct combustion are concentrated on: Development of atmospheric and pressurized systems capable of burning high-sulfur coal of all rank and quality in fluidized-bed combustors; development of advanced technology power systems to generate power more economically than present technology permits while using medium- and high-sulfur coal in an enviro… more
Date: December 1, 1977
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Regenerative Process for Desulfurization of High Temperature Combustion and Fuel Gases. Quarterly Progress Report No. 7, October 1--December 31, 1977

Description: A method of pretreating limestone used in fluidized-bed combustion has been found and is under further development. The method entails spraying the stone with an aqueous solution of Fe/sup + +//Fe/sup + + +/SO/sub 3//sup - -//SO/sub 4//sup - -/ before it is fed to the combustor. One percent of iron coated on the stone approximately doubles the rate of SO/sub 2/ sorption. Fe/sub 2/O/sub 3/ not only catalyzes the rate, but also enhances the sorption capacity of the stone. The Brookhaven Regenerat… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Yang, R. T.; Albanese, A. S.; Chen, J. M.; Farber, G.; Kainz, F. B.; Pruzansky, J. et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Coal in transition 1980--2000 demand considerations

Description: The usefulness of the Brookhaven model, TESOM, lies in its exploration of the demand side of the energy system. Sectors where coal may be substituted for other energy forms are identified, and attractive technologies are highlighted. The results of the runs accord well with intuitive expectations. The increasing prices of oil and natural gas usually imply that (a) coal synthetics become increasingly attractive technologies, except in the High Demand and CRUNCH Cases (b) nuclear and hydro-electr… more
Date: December 1, 1977
Creator: Kydes, A S & Cherniavsky, E A
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Coal Technology Program progress report, March 1977

Description: In the final hydrocarbonization experiment with Wyodak subbituminous coal, the coal was hydrocarbonized at 1100/sup 0/F and 300 psig in the recirculating fluidized bed. Two-dimensional pyrolysis behavior of an eastern bituminous coal (Pittsburgh seam) continues to be examined. Results to date indicate that swelling is significantly more pronounced at very low heating rates. Several activities in progress are related to inspection techniques for wear- and process-resistant coatings. Experimental… more
Date: May 1, 1977
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Fluidized combustion of beds of large, dense particles in reprocessing HTGR fuel

Description: Fluidized bed combustion of graphite fuel elements and carbon external to fuel particles is required in reprocessing high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) cores for recovery of uranium. This burning process requires combustion of beds containing both large particles and very dense particles as well as combustion of fine graphite particles which elutriate from the bed. Equipment must be designed for optimum simplicity and reliability as ultimate operation will occur in a limited access ''ho… more
Date: March 1, 1977
Creator: Young, D. T.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Coal technology program progress report for January 1977

Description: Block pyrolysis experiments were begun utilizing eastern bituminous coal from the Pricetown, West Virginia area. Results are significantly different from those obtained in past experiments with western subbituminous coals. Studies of liquid mixing in coal-solvent hydrogenation reactors continued as part of the Coal-Solvent-Hydrogen Mixing project. A series of residence-time, liquid hold-up, and pressure drop measurements was completed for air and clean water flowing cocurrently upward through a… more
Date: March 1, 1977
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Waste management analysis for the nuclear fuel cycle: parts I and II. Progress report for period ending March 31, 1977

Description: Preliminary evaluation of leaching, acid digestion, and fusion methods for actinide recovery from incinerator ash was begun. Cold ash from the fluidized bed incinerator was used as a stand-in for contaminated ash being prepared. Solubilization of ash was used as the measure of method efficiency. Fusion with basic fluxes appears to be most promising both with respect to actinide recovery efficiency and minimum impact on waste volume and form. Evaluation was begun of methods and recycle preparati… more
Date: September 21, 1977
Creator: Thompson, G. H.; Cash, D. L.; Childs, E. L.; Navratil, J. D.; Martella, L. L. & Plock, C. E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Survey of technology for storage of thermal energy in heat transfer salt

Description: The widespread use of nitrate-based fused salt mixtures as heat transport media in the petroleum and chemical process industries and in metallurgical heat-treatment operations has led to the development of satisfactory equipment for handling and containing these materials. A mixture known as heat transfer salt (HTS), which is composed of 40 percent NaNO/sub 2/, 7 percent NaNO/sub 3/, and 53 percent KNO/sub 3/ by weight, has been used commercially in large quantities as a heat transfer fluid. It… more
Date: January 18, 1977
Creator: Silverman, M. D. & Engel, J. R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Thorium utilization program. Quarterly progress report for the period ending February 28, 1977. [Fuel element crushing, burning; particle classification; solvent extraction; dry solids handling; plant management; HET fuel shipping; HTGR recycle demonstration facility]

Description: General Atomic Thorium Utilization Program activities progressed on schedule during the quarter, with continuation of the head-end reprocessing equipment testing program. Individual testing of the tertiary, oversize crushers and the screener was completed. Preparation of the equipment for testing as a system is under way. Tests on the tertiary crusher revealed no operating problems. No material holdup areas or bypass of the crushing cavity were detected. The initial issue of a functional level … more
Date: March 1977
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Dynamics and control studies of a MIUS coal-fired gas turbine experiment

Description: The fluidized-bed coal-fired gas turbine experiment is part of the Modular Integrated Utility System program, which is jointly sponsored by the Department of Housing and Urban Development and the Energy Research and Development Administration. The dynamic characteristics of the experiment are investigated to determine specific control system designs required to satisfy varying electrical and waste heat demands and, at the same time, to keep plant component temperatures and stresses within accep… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Ball, S. J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Coal technology program progress report for February 1977

Description: Two-dimensional pyrolysis studies were continued using Eastern bituminous coal. Unusual char formations (associated with the swelling nature of the material) have been observed, though tar and gas production per gram is not greatly different from that observed with Western subbituminous coals. Materials engineering support activities continued with work on properties of thick sections of steel, development of methods for nondestructive testing of coatings, cladding of low-alloy steels, fireside… more
Date: April 1, 1977
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Limestone reactivities with SO/sub 2/ as determined by thermogravimetric analysis and as measured in pilot scale fluidized-bed coal combustors. [At 900/sup 0/C with a 0. 3% SO/sub 2/, 5% O/sub 2/ in N/sub 2/ synthetic combustion gas]

Description: A thermogravimetric analyzer was used to measure the reactivity of several limestones with SO/sub 2/. The laboratory results can be used to predict coal combustion results for pilot-plant atmospheric pressure fluidized-beds. The TGA information was fitted to two different straight-line least-squares fits, these equations allowed prediction by two different methods of calcium utilization in atmospheric-pressure pilot plant FBC's from knowledge of only the CaCO/sub 3/ content of the limeston… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Snyder, R. B.; Wilson, W. I. & Johnson, I.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Regenerative process for desulfurization of high temperature combustion and fuel gases. Quarterly progress report No. 4, January 1--March 31, 1977. [6 refs]

Description: Processes for regeneration of lime and lime-based sorbents to be used in fluidized-bed combustion (FBC) are being developed. Carbon, silica, and coal ash (which contains significant amounts of carbon and silica) are being investigated as the regeneration agents. Kiln-type regenerators are being considered for the apparent solid-solid reactions involved in these processes.
Date: January 1, 1977
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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