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in subjects: "Environmental Impacts"

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Assessment of research and development (R and D) needs in ammonia safety and environmental control

This report characterizes the ammonia industry operations, reviews current knowledge of ammonia release and subsequent impacts, summarizes the status of release prevention and control methods and identify research and development needs for safety and environmental control. Appendices include: accidental spills and human exposure; adiabatic mixing of liquid nitrogen and air; fire and explosion hazards; and environmental impact rating tables. (PSB)

Date: September 1, 1981

Creator: Brenchley, D.L.; Athey, G.F. & Bomelburg, H.J.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Comparative assessment of energy-economy interactions

This analysis is concerned with the impact of energy-policy measures on the level, growth, and structure of the US economy. In particular, the nature and magnitude of the causal relationship between variations in the prices of various energy forms and economic performance, as measured by real gross national product (GNP), is studied. The combined Brookhaven National Laboratory/Dale W. Jorgenson Associates (BNL/DHA) energy-economy model system is used to determine the economic effects of three e… more

Date: December 1, 1978

Creator: Goettle, R.J. IV; Hudson, E.A. & Lukachinski, J.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

850/sup 0/C VHTR plant technical description

This report describes the conceptual design of an 842-MW(t) process heat very high temperature reactor (VHTR) plant having a core outlet temperature of 850/sup 0/C (1562/sup 0/F). The reactor is a variation of the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) power plant concept. The report includes a description of the nuclear heat source (NHS) and of the balance of reactor plant (BORP) requirements. The design of the associated chemical process plant is not covered in this report. The reactor de… more

Date: June 1, 1980

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Retrospective examination of geothermal environmental assessments

Since 1976, the Department of Energy (DOE) has supported a variety of programs and projects dealing with the exploration, development, and utilization of geothermal energy. This report presents an overview of the environmental impacts associated with these efforts. Impacts that were predicted in the environmental analyses prepared for the programs and projects are reviewed and summarized, along with measures that were recommended to mitigate these impacts. Also, for those projects that have gon… more

Date: March 1, 1984

Creator: Webb, J. W.; Eddlemon, G. K. & Reed, A. W.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Use of principal components analysis and three-dimensional atmospheric-transport models for reactor-consequence evaluation

This work explores the use of principal components analysis coupled to three-dimensional atmospheric transport and dispersion models for evaluating the environmental consequences of reactor accidents. This permits the inclusion of meteorological data from multiple sites and the effects of topography in the consequence evaluation; features not normally included in such analyses. The technique identifies prevailing regional wind patterns and their frequencies for use in the transport and dispersi… more

Date: January 1, 1982

Creator: Gudiksen, P. H.; Walton, J. J.; Alpert, D. J. & Johnson, J. D.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Energy from biological processes

This assessment responds to a request by the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation for an evaluation of the energy potential of various sources of plant and animal matter (biomass). This report complements an earlier OTA report on the Application of Solar Technology to Today's Energy Needs in evaluating the major solar energy resources available to the United States. The findings also will serve as part of the material to be used in an upcoming OTA assessment of synthetic fu… more

Date: July 1, 1980

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Environmental assessment for the Satellite Power System (SPS) Concept Development and Evaluation Program (CDEP). [Microwave and non-microwave health and ecological assessment]

In the satellite power system (SPS), satellites in geosynchronous earth orbit would collect solar energy in space, convert it to microwaves, and transmit the microwaves to receiving antennas (rectennas) on earth. At the rectennas, the microwave energy would be converted to electricity. This SPS environmental assessment considers the microwave and nonmicrowave effects on the terrestrial environment and human health, atmospheric effects, and effects on electromagnetic systems. No environmental pr… more

Date: August 1, 1980

Creator: Valentino, A.R.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Institutional and Financial Guide to Geothermal District Heating. Serial No. 2

General planning considerations which affect nearly every community are reviewed, and alternative operating structures which are available to communities are reviewed, including local governments, nonprofit cooperatives, private enterprises, and joint ventures. The financing options available to publicly-owned and privately-owned district heating systems are then summarized. The geothermal production and distribution activities most appropriate to each type of operating structure are reviewed, … more

Date: March 1, 1982

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

State legislatures and energy policy in the Northeast: energy facility siting and legislative action

At the Federal level, a vast array of bureaucratic and legislative institutions are presently immersed in various explorations of energy policy and its national ramifications. Almost each of the 50 states has Energy offices. One element of the institutional/political equation, however, often is missed in studies of energy policy: the state legislature. This institution may well be vitally important to formulation of broad policies, and certainly is critical to successful implementation of certa… more

Date: June 1, 1977

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Relevance of biotic pathways to the long-term regulation of nuclear waste disposal. A report on Tasks 1 and 2 of Phase I. [Shallow land burial]

The purpose of the work reported here was to evaluate the relevance of biotic transport to the assessment of impacts and licensing of low-level waste disposal sites. Available computer models and their recent applications at low-level waste disposal sites are considered. Biotic transport mechanisms and processes for both terrestrial and aquatic systems are presented with examples from existing waste disposal sites. Following a proposed system for ranking radionuclides by their potential for bio… more

Date: July 1, 1982

Creator: McKenzie, D. H.; Cadwell, L. L.; Cushing, C. E. Jr.; Harty, R.; Kennedy, W. E. Jr.; Simmons, M. A. et al.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Procedure for developing biological input for the design, location, or modification of water-intake structures

To minimize adverse impact on aquatic ecosystems resulting from the operation of water intake structures, design engineers must have relevant information on the behavior, physiology and ecology of local fish and shellfish. Identification of stimulus/response relationships and the environmental factors that influence them is the first step in incorporating biological information in the design, location or modification of water intake structures. A procedure is presented in this document for prov… more

Date: December 1, 1981

Creator: Neitzel, D. A. & McKenzie, D. H.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Simulation of chlorinated water discharges from power plants on estuaries and rivers

The fast-transient (tidal-transient) one-dimensional discrete-element chemical transport model and its associated computer code CHMONE were applied to study the effects of chlorinated water discharges from power plants on tidal estuaries and controlled rivers. The mathematical model has the capability to predict simultaneously the hydrodynamic, thermal, and chemical composition of water as one-dimensional time-dependent distributions. (LTW)

Date: January 1, 1977

Creator: Eraslan, A. H.; Lietzke, M. H.; Fischer, S. K. & Kalmaz, E. V.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Resource, technology, and environment at the geysers

A general review, description, and history of geothermal development at the Geysers is presented. Particular emphasis is placed on environmental impacts of development of the area. The discussion is presented under the following chapter titles: introduction; energy, enthalpy and the First Law; vapor-producing geothermal reservoirs--review and models; geothermal; entropy and the Second Law; power plants--basics; H/sub 2/S emissions; hydrogen sulfide--possible health effects and odor; other emiss… more

Date: June 1, 1977

Creator: Weres, O.; Tsao, K. & Wood, B.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

OTEC-1 Power System Test Program: test plan for first deployment

This report describes in detail all tests planned for the first eight-month deployment of OTEC-1, a test facility constructed by the US Department of Energy in order to test heat exchangers for closed-cycle power plants using ocean thermal energy. Tests to be performed during the first-deployment period are aimed primarily at determining (1) the effectiveness of countermeasures in preventing biofouling of the heat exchanters, (2) the extent of environmental impacts associated with operation of … more

Date: March 1, 1980

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Decommissioning of commercial shallow-land burial sites

Estimated costs and safety considerations for decommissioning LLW burial grounds have been evaluated. Calculations are based on a generic burial ground assumed to be located at a western and an eastern site. Decommissioning modes include: (1) site stabilization followed by long-term care of the site; and (2) waste relocation. Site stabilization is estimated to cost from $0.4 million to $7.5 million, depending on the site and the stabilization option chosen. Long-term care is estimated to cost a… more

Date: January 1, 1979

Creator: Murphy, E. S. & Holter, G. M.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

FY 90 annual research plan

The National Institute for Petroleum and Energy Research (NIPER) was established by the DOE to perform contract research for government and industrial clients. The emphasis of the DOE program is immediate near- and mid-term concerns of domestic oil and gas producibility. Its primary purpose is to improve the fundamental understanding of domestic oil and gas resources and the chemical, physical, and biological phenomena that govern the occurrence and recovery of these resources in addition to th… more

Date: January 1, 1990

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Geothermal power production: accidental fluid releases, waste disposal, and water use

Environmental problems related to the use and disposal of fluids can accompany the operation of geothermal power plants using hot water resources (temperature > 150/sup 0/C). More than 100 kg of fluids must be extracted, processed, and disposed for each kW.h of electricity generated from a facility relying on a geothermal reservoir with fluids of 150/sup 0/C. The low thermal efficiencies of geothermal power plants result in large requirements for cooling water - over 7.4 x 10/sup 4/ m/sup 3//MW… more

Date: June 1, 1980

Creator: Layton, D. W. & Morris, W. F.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Environmental Assessment: geothermal direct heat project, Marlin, Texas

The Federal action addressed by this Environmental Assessment (EA) is joint funding the retrofitting of a heating and hot water system in a hospital at Marlin, Texas, with a geothermal preheat system. The project will be located within the existing hospital boiler room. One supply well was drilled in an existing adjacent parking lot. It was necessary to drill the well prior to completion of this environmental assessment in order to confirm the reservoir and to obtain fluids for analysis in orde… more

Date: August 1, 1980

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

An update on environmental, health and safety issues of interest to the photovoltaic industry

There is growing interest in the environmental, health, and safety issues related to new photovoltaic technologies as they approach commercialization. Such issues include potential toxicity of II--VI compounds; the impacts of new environmental regulations on module manufacturers; and, the need for recycling of spent modules and manufacturing wastes. This paper will review these topics. 20 refs.

Date: January 1, 1992

Creator: Moskowitz, P. D.; Viren, J. & Fthenakis, V. M.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Proceedings of the Fifth Annual Participants' Information Meeting: DOE Low-Level Waste Management Program

The meeting consisted of the following six sessions: (1) plenary session I; (2) disposal technology; (3) characteristics and treatment of low-level waste; (4) environmental aspects and performance prediction; (5) overall summary sessions; and (6) plenary session II. Fifty two papers of the papers presented were processed for inclusion in the Energy Data Base. (ATT)

Date: December 1, 1983

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Future aircraft and potential effects on stratospheric ozone and climate

The purpose of this study is to extend the recent research examining the global environmental effects from potential fleets of subsonic and supersonic commercial aircraft. Initial studies with LLNL models of global atmospheric chemical, radiative, and transport processes have indicated that substantial decreases in stratospheric ozone concentrations could result from emissions of NO{sub x} from aircraft flying in the stratosphere, depending on fleet size and magnitude of the engine emissions. T… more

Date: October 1, 1991

Creator: Kinnison, D.E. & Wuebbles, D.J.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Annual Report on Wildlife Activities, 1985 Fiscal Year, Action Item 40.1, Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program.

The report presents a brief synopsis and discussion of wildlife activities undertaken by Bonneville Power Administration. The objectives of the program were wildlife protection, mitigation, and enhancement planning; and implementation of actions to protect, mitigate, and enhance wildlife affected by development and operation of hydroelectric facilities in the Columbia River Basin. (ACR)

Date: September 1985

Creator: United States. Bonneville Power Administration. Division of Fish and Wildlife.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Wolf Point Substation, Roosevelt County, Montana

The Western Area Power Administration (Western), an agency of the United States Department of Energy, is proposing to construct the 115-kV Wolf Point Substation near Wolf Point in Roosevelt County, Montana (Figure 1). As part of the construction project, Western's existing Wolf Point Substation would be taken out of service. The existing 115-kV Wolf Point Substation is located approximately 3 miles west of Wolf Point, Montana (Figure 2). The substation was constructed in 1949. The existing Wolf… more

Date: May 1, 1991

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Industrial Low Btu Fuel Gas Demonstration Plant Program: Phase I. Quarterly and annual report, 19 September 1977-31 December 1977

A major problem which arose during the reporting period was that of the completion of the required environmental analysis in order not to impact Phase II of the program. This problem was addressed and a proposed solution was agreed to. A sole source procurement justification for Energy Impact Associates was prepared and submitted to DOE for approval. This sole source procurement will enable construction start as scheduled (8 months after start of Phase II) whereas a competitive procurement of t… more

Date: January 1, 1978

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department