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Energy from biological processes

Description: This assessment responds to a request by the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation for an evaluation of the energy potential of various sources of plant and animal matter (biomass). This report complements an earlier OTA report on the Application of Solar Technology to Today's Energy Needs in evaluating the major solar energy resources available to the United States. The findings also will serve as part of the material to be used in an upcoming OTA assessment of synthetic fu… more
Date: July 1, 1980
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

State of Maine Office of Energy Resources Weekly Price Monitoring System end of survey of report. 2nd annual report to Region I DOE

Description: The OPEC oil embargo of 1973-1974 brought the nation to a realization of the importance and necessity for collection and analysis of energy data. The Maine Office of Energy Resources, (OER), has the responsibility to establish and implement energy policies in Maine. The Weekly Price Monitoring System, (PMS), has been developed and implemented to assist energy planners in Maine. This survey is used to analyze home heating oil price trends and as a public relations tool in response to inquiries f… more
Date: unknown
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Energy conservation in ice skating rinks

Description: An economic and energy analysis of ice rinks was made to examine the areas in which energy could be profitably conserved. The areas where new equipment could make a major reduction in energy use are: the use of waste heat for space heating, the installation of a low emissivity false ceiling to reduce radiant heat, the use of a load cycling controller to reduce refrigeration costs, and the installation of more efficient lighting systems. Changes in rink operating procedure that could cut energy … more
Date: January 1, 1980
Creator: Dietrich, B.K. & McAvoy, T.J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

New York State energy-analytic information system: first-stage implementation

Description: So that energy policy by state government may be formulated within the constraints imposed by policy determined at the national level - yet reflect the diverse interests of its citizens - large quantities of data and sophisticated analytic capabilities are required. This report presents the design of an energy-information/analytic system for New York State, the data for a base year, 1976, and projections of these data. At the county level, 1976 energy-supply demand data and electric generating … more
Date: September 1, 1979
Creator: Allentuck, J.; Carroll, O. & Fiore, L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Ocean Thermal Energy Conservation (OTEC) power system development (PDS) II. Preliminary design report

Description: This report documents the results and conclusions of the PDS II, Phase I, preliminary design of a 10 MWe OTEC power system, using enhanced plate type heat exchangers, and of representative 0.2 MWe test articles. It further provides the documentation (specifications, drawings, trade studies, etc.) resulting from the design activities. The data and discussions of the technical concepts are organized to respond to the PDS II, Phase II proposal evaluation criteria. This volume, which specifically a… more
Date: August 10, 1979
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Regenerative process for desulfurization of high temperature combustion and fuel gases. Quarterly progress report No. 5, April 1--June 30, 1977

Description: The sulfation rate of reagent-grade monocalcium silicate is of the same order of magnitude as that of limestone and higher than that of reagent-grade calcium oxide. It has been confirmed that the sulfated monocalcium silicate is more regenerable than the sulfated lime, i.e., the regeneration rate is higher with the silicate. X-ray diffraction and IR absorption results indicate that silica is chemically bonded to the calcium sulfate in the sulfated calcium silicate. Construction of a micro-pilot… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Steinberg, M & Yang, R T
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Final report to the President on oil supply shortages during 1979

Description: Stockpile levels at the beginning of 1979, imports during the first half of the year, and inventory management were primarily responsible for the oil supply shortage in the spring and summer of 1979. There was a 3.1% reduction in oil supply in May to July of 1979 relative to the same period in 1978, and a 0.2% reduction relative to 1977. The reduction in available oil between 1979 and previous years was even greater than the reduction in supply. Domestic production of crude oil declined between… more
Date: July 1, 1980
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Energy analysis of geothermal-electric systems

Description: Standard energy analysis was applied to 4 types of geothermal-electric technologies: liquid dominated, hot dry rock, geopressure, and vapor dominated. It was found that all are net energy producers. Expected uncertainties are not large enough to threaten this conclusion. Vapor dominated, the only technology in current commercial use to produce electricity in the US, has the highest energy ratio (13 +- 4). These results for energy ratio are equal to or less than some from other workers. In the c… more
Date: December 1, 1979
Creator: Herendeen, R.A. & Plant, R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Study of efficiency indicators of urban public transportation systems. Final report

Description: This report presents the efforts of a research project on efficiency problems of urban public transportation systems (UPTS). Three test regions were selected in an effort to discover, clarify, and understand the efficiency relationships within UPTS. The test regions vary from a small one-mode region to a large multi-mode region. The UPTS are first divided into three major system components, i.e., primary services, support functions, and the network. Then each system is divided by mode, and each… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Tomazinis, A.R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Modeling approaches to long-run integrated technological impact analysis

Description: Analysis of the energy-economic-environmental impacts of energy policies, such as a major synthetic fuels program, requires methodologies that reflect the potential benefits and costs of proposed policy alternatives. Energy policies typically have secondary economic and environmental effects as well as direct effects on energy itself, and these must collectively be assessed to provide a complete basis for policy selection. The focus of this report is on approaches to the analysis of long-term i… more
Date: December 1, 1979
Creator: Groncki, P.J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Evaluation of processes for producing gasoline from wood. Final report

Description: Three processes for producing gasoline from wood by pyrolysis have been investigated. Technical and economic comparisons among the processes have been made, based on a hypothetical common plant size of 2000 tons per day green wood chip feedstock. In order to consider the entire fuel production process, the energy and cost inputs for producing and delivering the feedstock were included in the analysis. In addition, perspective has been provided by comparisons of the wood-to-gasoline technologies… more
Date: May 1, 1980
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Building-owners energy-education program. Final report

Description: The objectives of the program are to develop and test market a cogent education program aimed specifically at building owners to help them be more decisive and knowledgeable, and to motivate them to direct their managers and professionals to implement a rational plan for achieving energy conservation in their commercial office buildings and to establish a plan, sponsored by the Building Owners and Managers Association International (BOMA) to implement this educational program on a nation-wide b… more
Date: December 1, 1981
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Energy and cost analysis of commercial building shell characteristics and operating schedules

Description: Eight prototypical commercial buildings were considered, and estimates of the energy savings realized from various conservation measures are presented. For each of four building types (hospital, office, educational, and retail) two building designs representative of both pre- and post-embargo construction were analyzed. The ongoing program at Oak Ridge National Laboratory aims to develop an engineering-economic model to forecast annual energy use in the US commercial sector. This particular stu… more
Date: April 1, 1980
Creator: Johnson, W.S. & Pierce, F.E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Program PRESTO: preparation of reference energy systems through time

Description: PRESTO is an interactive computer program to provide a convenient framework for energy accounts to specify quantitatively the flows in the U.S. energy system over time, and to permit manipulation of their values while maintaining internal consistency. Then, once a scenario is defined, several of its attributes and implications are calculated (costs, total resource use, and environmental effects). It is based on the Reference Energy System methodology, a diagrammatic description of energy flows,… more
Date: August 1, 1977
Creator: Beardsworth, E & Goldstein, G
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Distributed Technologies in California's Energy Future. Volume I

Description: This interim report contains eight of the eighteen chapters included in the complete report. In Chapter I, pertinent data, facts, and observations are made following an initial summary. Chapter II is an introduction, citing especially the writings of Amory Lovins. The criteria used in defining distributed systems, suggested by Lovins, are that the technologies be renewable, environmentally benign, local, subject to graceful failure, foolproof, flexible, comprehensible, and matched in energy qua… more
Date: September 1, 1977
Creator: Christensen, M.; Craig, P.; McGuire, C. B. & Simmons, M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Comparative analysis of net energy balance for satellite power systems (SPS) and other energy systems

Description: The net energy balance of seven electric energy systems is assessed: two coal-based, one nuclear, two terrestrial solar, and two solar power satellites, with principal emphasis on the latter two systems. Solar energy systems require much less operating energy per unit of electrical output. However, on the basis of the analysis used here, coal and nuclear systems are two to five times more efficient at extracting useful energy from the primary resource base than are the solar energy systems. The… more
Date: April 1, 1980
Creator: Cirillo, R.R.; Cho, B.S.; Monarch, M.R. & Levine, E.P.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Energy sensitivity and variability analysis of Populus hybrid short-rotation plantations in northeastern United States. Final report

Description: Production of biomass by corn-like plantations has been demonstrated by a number of researchers. These forest analogs of agronomic cropping systems have the potential to yield substantially more biomass per unit area than traditional forests. Care is needed in choosing the appropriate sites, species, spacing, and harvesting strategies. Opportunities for increased yields have been suggested for fertilization and irrigation. Utilization of the biomass from these dense plantations for energy was t… more
Date: October 24, 1979
Creator: Bowersox, T.W. & Blankenhorn, P.R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Net-energy analysis of a retrofit geothermal-heating system

Description: A net energy analysis was carried out as part of a study of the potential engineering and economic feasibility for geothermal heating of the campus of the University of New Mexico in Albuquerque. The geothermal system design included production and disposal wells, surface facilities and retrofitting of eighteen existing buildings. For a 30-year project life, the net energy ratio was found to be about 7.1.
Date: January 1, 1981
Creator: Kauffman, D.; Houghton, A.V. & Kuo, W.S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Liquid fuels production from biomass. Progress report No. 11, January 1-March 31, 1980

Description: It was found that marine algae could be converted to higher aliphatic organic acids and that these acids could be readily removed from the fermentation broth by membrane or liquid-liquid extraction. It was then proposed to convert these higher organic acids via Kolbe Electrolysis to aliphatic hydrocarbons, which may be used as a diesel fuel. A coenzyme M analogue, 2-bromoethanesulfonic acid, has been shown to be an effective suppressor of methane in nonsterile anaerobic fermentation of cellulos… more
Date: January 1, 1980
Creator: Levy, P.F.; Sanderson, J.E. & Wise, D.L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Nonresidential buildings energy consumption survey: 1979 consumption and expenditures. Part 2. Steam, fuel oil, LPG, and all fuels

Description: This report presents data on square footage and on total energy consumption and expenditures for commercial buildings in the contiguous United States. Also included are detailed consumption and expenditures tables for fuel oil or kerosene, liquid petroleum gas (LPG), and purchased steam. Commercial buildings include all nonresidential buildings with the exception of those where industrial activities occupy more of the total square footage than any other type of activity. 7 figures, 23 tables.
Date: December 1, 1983
Creator: Patinkin, L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Policy Analysis Screening System (PASS) demonstration: sample queries and terminal instructions

Description: This document contains the input and output for the Policy Analysis Screening System (PASS) demonstration. This demonstration is stored on a portable disk at the Environmental Impacts Division. Sample queries presented here include: (1) how to use PASS; (2) estimated 1995 energy consumption from Mid-Range Energy-Forecasting System (MEFS) data base; (3) pollution projections from Strategic Environmental Assessment System (SEAS) data base; (4) diesel auto regulations; (5) diesel auto health effec… more
Date: October 16, 1979
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Grid-Connected Integrated Community Energy System: Final Report, Volume 1. Executive Summary

Description: An Integrated Community Energy System Program in Independence, Missouri is described and results of Phase I are summarized. Five tasks of Phase I are: preliminary energy analysis and institutional assessment, conceptual design of ICES, firming-up of commitments, and work management plan. The program involves developing a small coal-fired unit that can be effectively integrated into the total community environment. (MCW)
Date: July 1, 1977
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Some questions and answers about the Satellite Power System (SPS)

Description: The Office of Energy Research, US DOE is evaluating the concept of obtaining significant amounts of electrical energy from space through the Satellite Power System Project Office (SPS PO) formed for that purpose. The SPS PO prepared and is implementing a Concept Development and Evaluation Program plan. The CDEP runs roughly three years (from July 1977 through July 1980) and consists of four primary elements: (1) Systems Definition, (2) Environmental Assessment, (3) Societal Assessment, and (4) … more
Date: January 1, 1980
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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