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Effect of Organic Acid Additions on the General and Localized Corrosion Susceptibility of Alloy 22 in Chloride Solutions

Description: Electrochemical studies such as cyclic potentiodynamic polarization (CPP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were performed to determine the corrosion behavior of Alloy 22 (N06022) in 1M NaCl solutions at various pH values from acidic to neutral at 90 C. All the tested material was wrought Mill Annealed (MA). Tests were also performed in NaCl solutions containing weak organic acids such as oxalic, acetic, citric and picric. Results show that the corrosion rate of Alloy 22 was sign… more
Date: August 28, 2007
Creator: Carranza, R M; Giordano, C M; Rodr?guez, M A; Ilevbare, G O & Rebak, R B
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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First quarter technical progress report for Thermally Modified Sand

Description: This report documents progress on a project to demonstrate suitability of Thermally Modified Sand (TMS) for large scale use by demonstrating its performance on icy roadways maintained by the State of Alaska Department of Transportation. This report deals primarily with the startup of the project and includes initial observations of the effectiveness of the use of the TMS versus the typical salt/sand combination.
Date: February 28, 1994
Creator: Gilfilian, R. E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Sodium/nickel-chloride battery development

Description: The performance of the Ni/NiCl{sub 2} positive electrode for the Na/NiCl{sub 2} battery has been significantly improved compared to that of our earlier electrodes, representative for 1990. This improvement has been achieved by lowering the impedance and increasing the usable capacity through the use of chemical additives and a tailored electrode morphology. The improved electrode has excellent performance even at 250{degrees}C and can be recharged within one hour. The performance of this new el… more
Date: February 28, 1994
Creator: Redey, L.; Prakash, J.; Vissers, D. R. & Dowgiallo, E. J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Use of geochemical-equilibrium computer calculations to estimate precipitation from geothermal brines

Description: The Helgeson-Herrick geochemical code was used to calculate the solubility of NaCl, KCl, and KCl-NaCl in water and to predict which minerals will precipitate from Salton Sea Geothermal Field brines. The code's predictions of sulfide-silicate precipitation from the Magmamax No. 1 brine are in good agreement with field tests of scaling, although the observed sulfide-silicate scale matrix is in amorphous form, rather than the crystalline form predicted by the code. The code's predictions of scale … more
Date: January 28, 1977
Creator: Miller, D. G.; Piwinskii, A. J. & Yamauchi, R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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MOISTURE AND SURFACE AREA MEASUREMENTS OF PLUTONIUM-BEARING OXIDES

Description: To ensure safe storage, plutonium-bearing oxides are stabilized at 950 C for at least two hours in an oxidizing atmosphere. Stabilization conditions are expected to decompose organic impurities, convert metals to oxides, and result in moisture content below 0.5 wt%. During stabilization, the specific surface area is reduced, which minimizes readsorption of water onto the oxide surface. Plutonium oxides stabilized according to these criteria were sampled and analyzed to determine moisture conten… more
Date: September 28, 2009
Creator: Crowder, M.; Duffey, J.; Livingston, R.; Scogin, J.; Kessinger, G. & Almond, P.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Chlorine-36 alidation Study at Yucca Mountain, Nevada

Description: The amount, spatial distribution, and velocity of water percolating through the unsaturated zone (UZ) at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, are important issues for assessing the performance of the proposed deep geologic repository for spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste. To help characterize the nature and history of UZ flow, isotopic studies were initiated in 1995, using rock samples collected from the Miocene ash-flow tuffs in the Exploratory Studies Facility (ESF), an 8-km-long tunnel … more
Date: August 28, 2006
Creator: Paces, J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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PU IMMOBILIZATION - INDUCTION MELTING ND OFFGAS TESTING

Description: The Cylindrical Induction Melter (CIM) at the Aiken County Technology Laboratory (ACTL) has been operated by the Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) to support the Pu Disposition Conceptual Design (CD-0) development effort. The primary purpose of this report is to summarize the offgas sampling tests conducted in the CIM to capture and analyze the particulate and vapors emitted from lanthanide borosilicate (LaBS) Frit X with HfO{sub 2} as a surrogate for PuO{sub 2} and added impurities. In… more
Date: November 28, 2006
Creator: Marra, J
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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A MOUNTAIN-SCALE 3-D NUMERICAL MODEL FOR CHARACTERIZING UNSATURATED FLOW AND TRANSPORT IN FRACTURED VOLCANIC ROCK AT YUCCA MOUNTAIN

Description: A three-dimensional site-scale numerical model has been developed to simulate water and gas flow, heat transfer, and radionuclide transport in the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, the American underground repository site for high level radioactive waste. The modeling approach is based on a mathematical formulation of coupled multiphase fluid and heat flow and tracer transport through porous and fractured rock. This model is intended for use in predicting current and future conditions… more
Date: February 28, 2006
Creator: Wu, Yu-Shu
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Optical pump-probe processes in Nd 3+ doped KPb2Br5, RbPb2Br5, and KPb2CI5

Description: Recently, laser activity has been achieved in the low phonon energy, moisture-resistant bromide host crystals, neodymium-doped potassium lead bromide (Nd{sup 3+}:KPb{sub 2}Br{sub 5}) and rubidium lead bromide (Nd{sup 3+}:RbPb{sub 2}Br{sub 5}). Laser activity at 1.07 {micro}m was observed for both crystalline materials. Laser operation at the new wavelengths 1.18 {micro}m and 0.97 {micro}m resulting from the {sup 4}F{sub 5/2}+{sup 2}H{sub 9/2} {yields} {sup 4}I{sub J} transitions (J=13/2 and 11/… more
Date: October 28, 2004
Creator: Rademaker, K; Huber, G; Payne, S A; Osiac, E & Isaenko, L I
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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DEVELOPMENT AND DEPLOYMENT OF VACUUM SALT DISTILLATION AT THE SAVANNAH RIVER SITE

Description: The Savannah River Site has a mission to dissolve fissile materials and disposition them. The primary fissile material is plutonium dioxide (PuO{sub 2}). To support dissolution of these materials, the Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) designed and demonstrated a vacuum salt distillation (VSD) apparatus using both representative radioactive samples and non-radioactive simulant materials. Vacuum salt distillation, through the removal of chloride salts, increases the quantity of materials … more
Date: October 28, 2010
Creator: Pierce, R.; Pak, D. & Edwards, T.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Corrosion Effects of Calcium Chloride Injection for Mercury Control on the Pollution Control Equipment

Description: In response to the Clean Air Mercury Rule (CAMR) of 2005, Black Hills Power (BHP) initiated testing of a calcium chloride (CaCl{sub 2}) injection method in their Wygen 1 (Gillette, WY) coal-fired power plant to help lower mercury emissions. In 2006, Babcock & Wilcox (B&W) was contracted to test their CaCl{sub 2} technology in-situ by adding a CaCl{sub 2} solution onto the raw, pre-pulverized coal during normal operation of Wygen 1. Follow-up tests were conducted by BHP in 2007. Data were co… more
Date: February 28, 2009
Creator: Sethi, Vijay & Sharma, M.P.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Progress Report No. 52 for December 1, 1957 Through February 28, 1958

Description: Some approximate values of the concentrations of the chlorine ion and the mean activity coefficients of HCl in Dowex 50, as functions of the mean activity of HCl are given. The KCl uptake by anion-exchange resins, Dowex 1 and 2, is plotted. Ion-exchange phase properties of HCl were determined from freezing point measurements. The thermodynamic acid dissociation constants of HClO/sub 4/, HCl, HNO/sub 3/, HBr, and HGaCl/sub 4/ in water-saturated bis(2- chloroethyl) ether, were obtained from coudu… more
Date: February 28, 1958
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Corrosion of Type 347 Stainless Steel in Boiling Digest Liquors

Description: Corrosion studies indicate that digest liquors presently in use at the Mallinckrodt Uranium Refining Center should not be excessively corrosive to the digesters, which are constructed of Type 347 stainless steel. Experimental tests have shown that the digest liquors resulting from some of the more recent sources of uranium concentrates might become corrosive if the fluoride, chloride, or free nitric acid contents of these liquors should reach abnormal levels. If such constituents are present, t… more
Date: January 28, 1958
Creator: Fink, F. W.; Braun, W. J. & Stewart, O. M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Sequestration of Radionuclides and Heavy Metal by Hydroxyapatite Doped with Fe, Cu and Sn

Description: Apatite, Ca{sub 5}(PO{sub 4}){sub 3}(F,OH,Cl) (P6{sub 3}/m, Z=2), is the most abundant phosphate mineral on Earth. The end-member hydroxyapatite, Ca{sub 5}(PO{sub 4}){sub 3}OH (P2{sub 1}/b), is the primary mineral component in bones and teeth and tends to scavenge and sequester heavy metals in the human body. Hydroxyapatite has also been shown to be effective at sequestering radionuclides and heavy metals in certain natural systems (Dybowska et al., 2004). Hydroxyapatite has been the focus of m… more
Date: January 28, 2005
Creator: Helean, K. B. & Moore, R. C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Construction Materials for Various Head-End Processes for the Aqueous Reprocessing of Spent Fuel Elements

Description: Materials of construction were evaluated for use in critical areas of head-end processes for the aqueous reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel elements. The SulfexThorex, Darex-Thorex, Darex, Zirflex, and Zircex processes were considered. The effect of varying heat treatments on the resistance of the materials was also evaluated. Dissolution of unirradiated fuel pins was carried out in vessels of promising materials. The corrosion rate of Ni-o-nel was about 5 mils per month during actual fuel-pin … more
Date: August 28, 1959
Creator: Peterson, C. L.; Miller, P. D.; Jackson, J. D. & Fink, F. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Laboratory development of a process for recovering uranium from Rover fuel by combustion, liquid-phase chlorination with hexachloropropene, and aqueous extraction

Description: Declassified 24 Sep 1973. The purpose of this work was to develop a process for recovering the uranium from spent Rover fuels. Only one reactor is used, and the process involves a 4-hr combustion of the fuel in oxygen at about 800 deg C, a 4-hr chlorination of the U/sub 3/O/sub 8/-Nb/ sub 2/O/sub 5/ ash in refluxing hexachloropropene at 180 deg C, dissolution-extraction of the UCl/sub 4/ and NbCl/sub 5/ products at room temperature by dilute nitric acid, and extraction of the uranium from the r… more
Date: June 28, 1963
Creator: Gens, T.A. & Borne, T.B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Recovery of nitric acid from raffinate and condensate solutions by steam distillation/pyrohydrolysis and fractional distillation in a glass column

Description: Potential processes for the pilot-plant-scale purification and concentration of nitric acid condensate and raffinate solutions were studied. As a result, a process was developed where condensates were continuously purified by an aluminum nitratecalcium nitrate trap to reduce 200 to 300-ppM fluoride concentrations to <1 ppM. Next, the condensates were fed to an all-glass rectification column to concentrate nitric acid to 14 molar and to reduce 200 10 400-ppM chloride concentrations to <1 ppM. Fi… more
Date: December 28, 1973
Creator: Dietrich, W.C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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EVALUATION OF THE DURABILITY OF THE STRUCTURAL CONCRETE OF REACTOR BUILDINGS AT SRS

Description: The Department of Energy (DOE) intends to close 100-150 facilities in the DOE complex using an in situ decommissioning (ISD) strategy that calls for grouting the below-grade interior volume of the structure and leaving the above-grade interior open or demolishing it and disposing of it in the slit trenches in E Area. These closures are expected to persist and remain stable for centuries, but there are neither facility-specific monitoring approaches nor studies on the rate of deterioration of th… more
Date: February 28, 2011
Creator: Duncan, A. & Reigel, M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Anodic Behavior of Alloy 22 in High Nitrate Brines at Temperatures Higher than 100(degree)C

Description: Alloy 22 (N06022) may be susceptible to crevice corrosion in chloride solutions. Nitrate acts as an inhibitor to crevice corrosion. Several papers have been published regarding the effect of nitrate on the corrosion resistance of Alloy 22 at temperatures 100 C and lower. However, very little is known about the behavior of this alloy in highly concentrated brines at temperatures above 100 C. In the current work, electrochemical tests have been carried out to explore the anodic behavior of Alloy … more
Date: March 28, 2006
Creator: Ilevbare, G. O.; Etien, R. A.; Estill, J. C.; Hust, G. A.; Yilmaz, A.; Stuart, M. L. et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Bomb-Pulse Chlorine-36 At The Proposed Yucca Mountain Repository Horizon: An Investigation Of Previous Conflicting Results And Collection Of New Data

Description: Previous studies by scientists at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) found elevated ratios of chlorine-36 to total chloride ({sup 36}Cl/Cl) in samples of rock collected from the Exploratory Studies Facility (ESF) and the Enhanced Characterization of the Repository Block (ECRB) at Yucca Mountain as the tunnels were excavated. The data were interpreted as an indication that fluids containing 'bomb-pulse' {sup 36}Cl reached the repository horizon in the {approx}50 years since the peak period of… more
Date: July 28, 2006
Creator: Cizdziel, J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Moisture Distribution and Flow During Drying of Wood and Fiber

Description: New understanding, theories, and techniques for moisture flow and distribution were developed in this research on wood and wood fiber. Improved understanding of the mechanisms of flake drying has been provided. Observations of flake drying and drying rate curves revealed that rate of moisture loss consisted of two falling rate periods and no constant rate drying period was observed. Convective heat transfer controls the first period, and bound water diffusion controls the second period. Influen… more
Date: December 28, 2001
Creator: Zink-Sharp, Audrey & Hanna, Robert B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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