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in subjects: "Cesium"

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Organic components of nuclear wastes and their potential for altering radionuclide distribution when released to soil

Normal waste processing at the Hanford operations requires the use of many organic materials, chiefly in the form of complexing agents and diluents. These organic materials and their chemical and radiolytic degradation products, have potential for complexing fission products and transuranium elements, both in the waste streams and upon infiltration into soil, perhaps influencing future sorption or migration of the nuclides. Particular complexation characteristics of various nuclides which const… more

Date: August 1, 1980

Creator: McFadden, K.M.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

D/sup -/ production by multiple charge-transfer collisions of low-energy D ions and atoms in cesium vapor

The production of D/sup -/ by multiple charge-transfer collisions of a D/sup +/ beam in a cesium-vapor target is considered for D/sup +/ energies above 300 eV. The cross sections relevant to D/sup -/ formation are obtained by a least-squares fit of three-charge-state differential equations to experimental yield curves. Implications for production of intense negative-ion beams are discussed, and speculations are made about extrapolation to lower engeries.

Date: January 22, 1978

Creator: Hooper, E. B. Jr.; Willmann, P. A. & Schlachter, A. S.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Analysis of fission product behavior in the Saclay Spitfire Loop Test SSL-1. [HTGR]

The behavior of the fission metal cesium and the fission gases krypton and xenon in the Saclay Spitfire Loop SSL-1 test has been compared to that predicted using General Atomic reference data and computer code models. This is the first in a series of analyses planned in order to provide quantitative validation of HTGR fission product design methods. In this analysis, the first attempt to rigorously verify fission product design methods, the FIPERQ code was used to model the diffusion of cesium … more

Date: February 1, 1978

Creator: Jensen, D. D.; Haire, M. J. & Ballagny, A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Studies of nuclear-waste migration in geologic media. Annual report, November 1976--October 1977

The confinement of nuclear wastes in geologic formations is being considered as a method of permanently disposing of the waste. Laboratory experiments (column infiltration, static absorption, and batch partitioning experiments) were performed with nuclides of Cs, Pu, Np, and Am to examine the migratory characteristics of long-lived radionuclides that could be mobilized by groundwaters infiltrating a nuclear waste repository and the surrounding geologic body. In column infiltration experiments, … more

Date: March 1, 1978

Creator: Seitz, M.G.; Rickert, P.G.; Fried, S.M.; Friedman, A.M. & Steindler, M.J.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Microbial uptake of uranium, cesium, and radium

The ability of diverse microbial species to concentrate uranium, cesium, and radium was examined. Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and a mixed culture of denitrifying bacteria accumulated uranium to 10 to 15% of the dry cell weight. Only a fraction of the cells in a given population had visible uranium deposits in electron micrographs. While metabolism was not required for uranium uptake, mechanistic differences in the metal uptake process were indicated. Uranium accumulated sl… more

Date: January 1, 1980

Creator: Strandberg, G. W.; Shumate, S. E., II; Parrott, J. R., Jr. & McWhirter, D. A.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Susceptibility of unirradiated recrystallized Zircaloy-4 tubing to stress corrosion cracking

Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in unirradiated recrystallized Zircaloy-4 internally pressurized tubing specimens in atmospheres containing iodine vapor, cesium, or combinations of iodine and cesium is evaluated experimentally in terms of the effects of internal surface flaw morphology, iodine and cesium concentrations, tubing hydrogen content, test temperature, and test atmosphere water vapor content on the time to failure. The iodine vapor SCC data are analyzed in the framework of a fracture … more

Date: December 1977

Creator: Polan, N. W. & Tucker, R. P.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Model for H/sup -/ and D/sup -/ production by hydrogen backscattering

The Marlowe Monte-Carlo backscattering code has been used to calculate particle reflection coefficients and energy distributions for H, D incident upon Li, K, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, Cs, Hf, W, Pt, and U surfaces. The backscattered energy and angular distributions are combined with a model for formation and survival probabilities for H/sup -/, D/sup -/ leaving the surface. A least-squares fit of experimental measurements of H/sup -/ yields from the composite surface, Cs/Cu, has been used to obtain two … more

Date: May 27, 1980

Creator: Hiskes, J.R. & Schneider, P.J.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

BNL volume H sup minus source

The volume H{sup minus} ion source under development at Brookhaven is unique in that it has a toroidal plasma region, which feeds ions into the central extraction region through a conically shaped filter field. In pulsed operation, it produced 25 mA of H{sup minus} in a 1 cm{sup 2} aperture, with an electron-to-H{sup minus} ratio of {approx} 3. At 19 mA, a normalized, 90% emittance of 0.44 {pi} mm-mrad has been measured. Up to 50 mA has been extracted through a 1.87 cm{sup 2} aperture. Although… more

Date: January 1, 1991

Creator: Prelec, K. & Alessi, J.G.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Structure and dynamics in low-dimensional guest-host systems

New synthetic materials continue to be discovered at a rapid rate. Many of these can be broadly described as guest-host systems, in the sense that a range of compositions is accessible by selectively inserting heteroatoms or molecules into the interstitial sites in an otherwise pure starting material. The premier examples are layer intercalates (graphite, transition metal di- and trichalocogenides, silicate clays) and doped polymers (notably polyacetylene). With a somewhat broader definition of… more

Date: April 1, 1992

Creator: Fischer, J.E. (Pennsylvania Univ., Philadelphia, PA (United States). Dept. of Materials Science)

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Uranium hydrogeochemical and stream sediment reconnaissance data release for the Elk City NTMS Quadrangle, Idaho/Montana, including concentrations of forty-five additional elements

Totals of 1580 water and 1720 sediment samples were collected from 1754 locations in the quadrangle. Elemental concentration, field measurement, weather, geologic, and geographic data for each sample location are listed for waters in Appendix I-A and for sediments in Appendix I-B. Uranium/thorium ratios for sediment samples are also included in Appendix I-B. All elemental analyses were performed at the LASL. Water samples were initially analyzed for uranium by fluorometry. All water samples con… more

Date: July 1, 1980

Creator: Broxton, D. E. & Beyth, M.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Plowshare geothermal steam chemistry, introductory studies

No Description Available.

Date: July 1971

Creator: Charlot, L. A.; Morgan, W. C. & Warner, I. M.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

DOE/JPL advanced thermionic technology program. Progress report No. 42

Progress is reported on the following tasks: (I) surface and plasma investigations, (II) low-temperature converter development, (III) enhanced mode converter experiments, (IV) component hardware development, (V) thermionic power module system studies, (VI) thermionic array module development, (VII) high-temperature converter evaluation, (VIII) advanced converter studies, (IX) postoperational diagnostics, (X) cylindrical converter component development, and (XI) correlation of design interfaces.… more

Date: January 1, 1980

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Field studies and modeling of chemical processes in the unsaturated zone

Technical assistance is being provided to Nuclear Materials Safety and Safeguards of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission to evaluate the validity of several guidelines listed in 10 CFR Part 61 for the future burial of low-level radioactive waste. Those guidelines include the requirement that the burial site shall be capable of being modeled. Both laboratory- and field-scale studies are being conducted under unsaturated moisture conditions and under steady-state and unsteady-state flow conditions.… more

Date: January 1, 1985

Creator: Polzer, W.L. & Fuentes, H.R.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Coal Technology Program progress report for August 1977

The projects reported this month include those for coal conversion process development, materials engineering, alkali metal vapor topping cycles, a coal equipment test facility, a fluidized bed combustor technology test unit, engineering and support studies, process and program assistance, and environmental assessment studies. In hydrocarbonization research, material balance results from Run HC-21 confirm earlier tests with Wyodak coal, showing an oil yield of 21% based on MAF coal. In the coal… more

Date: October 1, 1977

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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High-temperature vitrification of Hanford residual-liquid waste in a continuous melter

Over 270 kg of high-temperature borosilicate glass have been produced in a series of three short-term tests in the High-Temperature Ceramic Melter vitrification system at PNL. The glass produced was formulated to vitrify simulated Hanford residual-liquid waste. The tests were designed to (1) demonstrate the feasibility of utilizing high-temperature, continuous-vitrification technology for the immobilization of the residual-liquid waste, (2) test the airlift draining technique utilized by the hi… more

Date: April 1, 1980

Creator: Barnes, S. M.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Analysis of electron transport in the plasma of thermionic converters

Electron transport coefficients of a gaseous ensemble are expressed analytically as function of density, and are expressed analytically as function of temperature up to an unknown function which has to be evaluated for each specific electron-neutral atom cross section. In order to complete the analytical temperature dependence one may introduce a polynomial expansion of the function or one may derive the temperature dependence of a set of coefficients, numbering thirteen for a third approximati… more

Date: March 1, 1980

Creator: Stoenescu, M.L. & Heinicke, P.H.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Experimental data developed to support the selection of a treatment process for West Valley alkaline supernatant

At the request of West Valley Nuclear Services Co., Inc., the Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) has studied alternative treatment processes for the alkaline PUREX waste presently being stored in Tank 8D2 at West Valley, New York. Five tasks were completed during FY 1983: (1) simulation and characterization of the alkaline supernatant and sludge from the tank. The radiochemical and chemical distributions between the aqueous and solid phase were determined, and the efficiency of washing sludge w… more

Date: January 1, 1984

Creator: Bray, L.A.; Holton, L.K.; Myers, T.R.; Richardson, G.M. & Wise, B.M.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Coal technology program. Progress report, September 1977

A successful hydrocarbonization experiment at 300 psi of hydrogen and approximately 1050/sup 0/F was completed with Illinois No. 6 coal that had been chemically pretreated with aqueous CaO and NaOH. In pressurized carbonization, one successful experiment at approximately 1100/sup 0/F and 415 psi of methane was completed with vacuum distillation residue from the H-Coal process. In the thick section pressure vessel work, procedures are being developed with the DATA TRAK heat treating facility to … more

Date: October 1, 1977

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Cesium behavior and control in sodium systems. [LMFBR]

A series of capsule tests were performed to screen candidate packing materials for a Cs trap. Specimens of medium density graphite rho = 1.8 to 1.7 gm/cm/sup 3/ and a low density amorphous carbon foam, Reticulated Vitreous Carbon (RVC) rho = 0.06 gm/cm/sup 3/ were tested. X-ray diffraction verified the hexagonal structure of the graphite specimens and the amorphous structure of the RVC. The test capsules contained approximately 0.1 mCi (3.7 x 10/sup 3/ Kbq)/sup 137/Cs dissolved in 30 gm of sodi… more

Date: March 1, 1980

Creator: Colburn, R. P. & Maffei, H. P.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Negative beam generation, transport, and acceleration

A negative ion beam, generated by double charge exchange, has been accelerated to 60 keV. The components of the beamline are described, and an analysis of the flow and the effect of the beam-generated plasma is presented. It is shown that plasma flow along the beamline is limited by transverse ambipolar transport; acceleration of electrons can therefore be minimized by employing a drift space to control the flow of electrons from the cesium cell to the accelerator entrance.

Date: October 1, 1977

Creator: Poulsen, P.; Anderson, O. A.; Hooper, E. B. Jr.; Orzechowski, T. J. & Turnbull, R. J.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Work function dependence of surface produced H/sup -/ in the presence of a plasma

The maximum H/sup -/ flux from a netatively biased converter cathode occurs at the work function minimum. A cesiated hydrogen plasma produces a partially-cesiated surface at the converter. The cesium coverage can be be controlled by the cesium partial pressure, the bias on the converter and the plasma density, while the work function of the converter surface is measured by the photo-electric effect, using a bright light source and a series of filters. The angular dependence is measured by rotat… more

Date: November 1, 1983

Creator: Wada, M.; Pyle, R. V. & Stearns, J. W.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Hydrothermal interactions of cesium and strontium phases from spent unreprocessed fuel with basalt phases and basalts

This investigation is a segment of an extensive research program aimed at investigating the feasibility of long-term, subsurface storage of commercial nuclear waste. Specifically, it is anticipated that the waste will be housed in a repository mined from the basalt formations which lie beneath the Hanford Site. The elements monitored during the present experiments were Cs and Sr. These two elements represent significant biohazards if released from a repository and are the major heat producing r… more

Date: March 1, 1980

Creator: Komarneni, S.; Scheetz, B.E.; McCarthy, G.J. & Coons, W.E.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Chemical durability of Savannah River Plant waste glass as a function of groundwater pH

The leachability of Savannah River Plant (SRP) waste glass was assessed for leachants in the pH range of 3 to 11. A parabolic relationship was observed between leachability and solution pH in this range. At 40/sup 0/C, leachability was lowest within a pH range of approximately 5 to 9. Most of the groundwaters in potential repository locations have pH values in this range. Below pH 5 and above pH 9, leachability of the waste glass increases. Leachability as a function of solution pH was studied … more

Date: January 1, 1982

Creator: Wicks, G. G.; O'Rourke, P. E. & Whitkop, P. G.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Radio-frequency He/sup -/ source and a source of negative ions by cesium sputtering

Two sources of negative ions are described. An rf source produces up to 14 ..mu..A beams of He/sup -/ by charge exchange in Rb vapor. The other Source of Negative Ions by Cesium Sputtering (SNICS) produces a wide variety of negative ion beams in the ..mu..A range. Two important features of SNICS are its simple, compact construction and its very good beam emittance (2 to 4 ..pi..mm mrad MeV/sup 1/). Both sources have lifetimes >200 hours and they are used extensively on the Wisconsin EN tandem.

Date: January 1, 1980

Creator: Billen, J.H.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department