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Overview and Challenges of Thin Film Solar Electric Technologies

Description: In this paper, we report on the significant progress made worldwide by thin-film solar cells, namely, amorphous silicon (a-Si), cadmium telluride (CdTe), and copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS). Thin-film photovoltaic (PV) technology status is also discussed in detail. In addition, R&D and technology challenges in all three areas are elucidated. The worldwide estimated projection for thin-film PV technology production capacity announcements are estimated at more than 5000 MW by 2010.
Date: December 1, 2008
Creator: Ullal, H. S.
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Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Structure and Effects of Extended Defects in Polycrystalline Si Thin Films

Description: The structure and effects of extended defects in rapid deposited polycrystalline Si thin films were studied using a combination of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and first-principles total energy calculations.
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: Yan, Y.; Al-Jassim, M. M.; Wang, T. H. & Ciszek, T. F.
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Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Preparation and properties of evaporated CdTe films compared with single crystal CdTe. Annual report, 1 February 1983-31 January 1984

Description: Variation of CdS/CdTe/graphite thick film solar cell properties was investigated as a function of temperature for CdS film deposition. A maximum open-circuit voltage of 0.67 V was found for a deposition temperature of 160/sup 0/C, corresponding to a CdS film resistivity of 150 ohm-cm. The effect is not due to avoidance of higher temperature annealing of the CdTe film in higher temperature CdS film depositions nor to the diffusion of In from the outermost CdS: In layer. The effect of coating the… more
Date: September 1, 1984
Creator: Bube, R; Fahrenbruch, A; Huber, W; Fortmann, C & Thorpe, T
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Comparison of Energy Production and Performance from Flat-Plate Photovoltaic Module Technologies Deployed at Fixed Tilt: Preprint

Description: This conference paper describes the performance data for 14 photovoltaic modules deployed at fixed-latitude tilt in the field are presented and compared. Module performance is monitored continuously for optimum power characteristics. Flat-plate module technologies representative of crystalline, amorphous, and polycrystalline silicon, and cadmium telluride and copper indium diselenide, are scrutinized for energy production, effective efficiency and performance ratio-ratio of effective to referen… more
Date: May 1, 2002
Creator: del Cueto, J. A.
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Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Spatially Resolved Cathodoluminescence of CdTe Thin Films and Solar Cells

Description: We have investigated the spatial distribution of different transitions identified in the emission spectra of CdTe thin films and solar cells by cathodoluminescence spectroscopic imaging (CLSI). Prior to back-contact deposition, the spectra are dominated by excitons (X) and donor-to-acceptor (DAP) transitions. After contacting, Cu acceptor states are found in addition to the X and DAP recombination processes. A very systematic behavior found in CdTe is that DAP transitions occur preferentially a… more
Date: May 1, 2003
Creator: Romero, M. J.; Metzger, W.; Gessert, T. A.; Albin, D. S. & Al-Jassim, M. M.
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Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Stabilization of High Efficiency CdTe Photovoltaic Modules in Controlled Indoor Light Soaking

Description: The performance and stabilization of large-area, high-efficiency 9%, CdTe photovoltaic (PV) modules maintained under controlled light-soaking nominally at 800 Watts/m2 irradiance and 65C module temperature are investigated. Degradation of module performance occurs predominantly in the first few hundred hours of exposure under these conditions; these symptoms included losses in fill factor (FF), open-circuit voltage (Voc), and short-circuit current (Isc), which amount to between 7% and 15% total… more
Date: May 1, 2003
Creator: del Cueto, J. A.; Pruett, J. & Cunningham, D.
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Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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BAs-GaAs Semiconductor Alloys as a Photovoltaic Alternative to Nitride Alloys

Description: Nitrogen alloyed III-V semiconductor compounds have been intensely studied in recent years due to unusual effects caused by nitrogen alloying. These effects are exploited in band gap engineering for specific applications such as solar cells and blue lasers.
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: Hart, G. L. W. & Zunger, A.
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Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Studies of a-Si:H and a-Si:D

Description: The heterogeneity of hydrogen and deuterium on the nanometer scale has been probed by samll-angle neutron scattering (SANS) from a-Si:H and a-Si:D films. Films were depsoited by two techniques, plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) and hot-wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD) using conditions that yield high quality films and devices.
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: Williamson, D. L.; Marr, D. W. M.; Nelson, B. P.; Iwaniczko, E.; Yang, J.; Yan, B. et al.
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Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Procedures at NREL for Evaluating Multijunction Concentrator Cells

Description: The procedures for evaluating the performance of multijunctiion-concentrator cells at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory are described. The accurate measurement of the performance of multijunction cells requires accurate relative-quantum-efficiency-measurements, "matched" reference cells, and a spectrally adjustable solar simulator.
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: Moriarty, T. & Emery, K.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Effects of Surface Composition on CdTe/CdS Device Performance

Description: The atomic composition of the back surface of the CdTe layer in a CdTe/CdS photovoltiac (PV) device has a significant influence on the quality of the electrical contact to this layer. This paper reports the results of a systematic study that correlates the composition of the back surface with pre-contact processing and device performance.
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: Levi, D.; Albin, D. & King, D.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Photothermal Stability of Various Module Encapsulants and Effects of Superstrate and Substrate Materials Studied for PVMaT Sources

Description: This paper briefs the photothermal reliability studies we conducted on different encapsulation materials for some U.S. PV companies that are subcontractors of the Photovoltaic Manufacturing Technology (PVMaT) program.
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: Pern, F. J. & Glick, S. H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Comparison of Dye-Sensitized Rutile- and Anatase-Based TiO2 Solar Cells

Description: The objective of this work is to develop and optimize the new dye-sensitized solar cell technology. In view of the infancy of rutile material development for solar cells, the PV response of the dye-sensitized rutile-based solar cell is remarkably close to that of the anatase-based cell.
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: Park, N. G.; van de Lagemaat, J. & Frank, A. J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Non-linear Electron Transport Kinetics in Nanocrystalline TiO(2) Based Solar Cells

Description: An analytical model describing electron transport in dye-sensitized nanocrystalline TiO(2) solar cells is shown to account for the non-linear dependence of the electron transport rate on the electron concentration. Equations relating the influenece of an exponential distribtuion of surface states to electron transport are derived and verified by intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy measurements. A slope of 69 meV is inferred for the surface-state distribution curve.
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: van de Lagemaat, J. & Frank, A. J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Preliminary Investigations of Outdoor Meteorological Broadband and Spectral Conditions for Evaluating Photovoltaic Modules and Systems

Description: Historically, flat-plate photovoltaic (PV) modules have been rated at "peak-output" for power generated under Standard; Reporting Conditions (SRC) of 1000 Watts per square meter W/m2 global irradiance at a standard temperature (25degC) and reference spectral distribution. We examine the direct-normal irradiance, spectral distribution, ambient temperature, and wind speed to be used for evaluating flatplate and concentrator module performance. Our study is based upon the 30-year U.S. National Sol… more
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: Myers, D. R.; Kurtz, S. R.; Whitaker, C. & Townsend, T.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Highly Efficient 32.3% Monolithic GaInP/GaAs/Ge Triple Junction Concentrator Solar Cells

Description: Based on recent cell improvements for space applications, multijunction cells apear to be ideal candidates for high efficiency, cost effective, PV concentrator systems.
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: Cotal, H. L.; Lillington, D. R.; Ermer, J. H.; King, R. R.; Karam, N. H.; Kurtz, S. R. et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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