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Development of an advanced, continuous mild gasification process for the production of co-products (Task 1), Volume 1

Description: Under US DOE sponsorship, a project team consisting of the Institute of Gas Technology, Peabody Holding Company, and Bechtel Group, Inc. has been developing an advanced, mild gasification process to process all types of coal and to produce solid and condensable liquid co-products that can open new markets for coal. The three and a half year program (September 1987 to June 1991) consisted of investigations in four main areas. These areas are: (1) Literature Survey of Mild Gasification Processes,… more
Date: September 1, 1991
Creator: Knight, R. A.; Gissy, J. L.; Onischak, M.; Babu, S. P.; Carty, R. H.; Duthie, R. G. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Novel concept development of an internal recirculation catalyst for mild gasification

Description: The objective of this program is to provide an overall evaluation of a novel process concept for mild gasification by completing work in three major tasks: (1) Laboratory-Scale Experiments, (2) Bench-Scale Tests, and (3) Proof-of-Concept Tests and Evaluation (optional). During this quarter, experimental work involving zinc chloride as a potential recirculating catalyst for coal, initiated in the previous quarter, was continued. The design of an all-quartz laboratory-scale isothermal free-fall r… more
Date: September 1, 1988
Creator: Knight, R. A. & Babu, S. P.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Pelletization of Fine Coals

Description: The present research project attempts to provide a basis to determine the pelletizability of fine coals, to ascertain the role of additives and binders and to establish a basis for binder selection. Currently, there are no established techniques for determining the quality of coal pellets. Our research is intended to develop a series of tests on coal pellets to measure their storage characteristics, transportability, ease of gasification and rate of combustion. Information developed from this r… more
Date: September 1, 1991
Creator: Sastry, K. V. S.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Effects of a flexible definition of new source performance standards for utility boilers firing anthracite coal

Description: The primary constraints and incentives affecting the viability of increased anthracite production for use as a utility boiler fuel are related to: (1) inherent advantages and disadvantages of anthracite versus bituminous coal, (2) geographical considerations, and (3) the existing and future state and federal regulatory framework. Anthracite is inherently low in sulfur content (a nominal 0.7% versus 2.0% for bituminous coal) and thus is capable of providing energy in a more environmentally benef… more
Date: September 1, 1978
Creator: Buckley, B; DeFieux, R; Holzheimer, R; Lowenthal, S; Murphy, B & Watson, J
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Development of an Advanced, Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Co-Products (Tasks 2, 3, and 4. 1 to 4. 6), Volume 2

Description: Volume 2 contains information on the following topics: (1) Mild Gasification Technology Development: Process Research Unit Tests Using Slipstream Sampling; (2) Bench-Scale Char Upgrading Study; (3) Mild Gasification Technology Development: System Integration Studies. (VC)
Date: September 1991
Creator: Knight, R. A.; Gissy, J. L.; Onischak, M.; Babu, S. P.; Carty, R. H.; Duthie, R. G. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

An NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) investigation of the chemical association and molecular dynamics in asphalt ridge tar sand ore and bitumen

Description: Preliminary studies on tar sand bitumen given in this report have shown that the reassociation of tar sand bitumen to its original molecular configuration after thermal stressing is a first-order process requiring nearly a week to establish equilibrium. Studies were also conducted on the dissolution of tar sand bitumen in solvents of varying polarity. At a high-weight fraction of solute to solvent the apparent molecular weight of the bitumen molecules was greater than that of the original bitum… more
Date: September 1, 1987
Creator: Netzel, D. A. & Coover, P. T.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Exploratory coprocessing research

Description: The objectives of this project were to (1) study the scope of the beneficial effects of hydrothermal pretreatment of coal on subsequent conversion, (2) identify and study the chemical or physical causes of this effect, and (3) attempt to elucidate the chemistry responsible for any coal-resid synergisms.
Date: September 5, 1991
Creator: Hirschon, A. S.; Tse, D. S.; Malhotra, R.; McMillen, D. F. & Ross, D. S.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Healy Clean Coal Project

Description: The objective of the Healy Clean Coal Project is to demonstrate the integration of an advanced combustor and heat recovery system with both high and low temperature emission control processes. The resulting emission levels of SO{sub 2}, NO{sub x}, and particulates are expected to be significantly better than the federal New Source Performance Standards. 3 figs. (VC)
Date: September 1, 1991
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Engineering development of selective agglomeration: Task 5, Bench- scale process testing

Description: Under the overall objectives of DOE Contract Engineering Development of Selective Agglomeration,'' there were a number of specific objectives in the Task 5 program. The prime objectives of Task 5 are highlighted below: (1) Maximize process performance in pyritic sulfur rejection and BTU recovery, (2) Produce a low ash product, (3) Compare the performance of the heavy agglomerant process based on diesel and the light agglomerant process using heptane, (4) Define optimum processing conditions for… more
Date: September 1, 1991
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Spin-mapping of coal structures with ESE and ENDOR

Description: A nondestructive method to determine the atomic and molecular structures present in the organic (maceral) components of whole coal and coal products has been sought for many years. This program of research is designed to address that analytical need by applying advanced electron magnetic resonance techniques to the determination of coal molecular structure. Structural information has be obtained by using the naturally occurring unpaired electrons in coal as observation posts'' from which to sur… more
Date: September 1, 1990
Creator: Belford, R. L. & Clarkson, R. B.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Mild coal pretreatment to improve liquefaction reactivity

Description: This report describes work completed during the fourth quarter of a three year project to study the effects of mild chemical pretreatment on coal dissolution reactivity during low severity liquefaction or coal/oil coprocessing. The overall objective of this research is to elucidate changes in the chemical and physical structure of coal by pretreating with methanol or other simple organic solvent and a trace amount of hydrochloric acid and measure the influence of these changes on coal dissoluti… more
Date: 1991-09~
Creator: Miller, R. L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Confined zone dispersion flue gas desulfurization demonstration

Description: The CZD process involves flue gas post-treatment, physically located between a boiler's outlet and its particulate collector, which in the majority of cases is an electrostatic precipitator. The features that distinguish this process from other similar injection processes are: Injection of an alkaline slurry directly into the duct, instead of injection of dry solids into the duct ahead of a fabric filter. Use of an ultrafine calcium/magnesium hydroxide, type S pressure-hydrated dolomitic lime. … more
Date: September 5, 1991
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Investigate the effectivness of calcium-treated coals in the capture of sulfur gases generated in staged fired combustors. Third quarterly technical progress report, May 1-July 31, 1983

Description: In this quarter's work, a new procedure was developed to add calcium to pulverized coal. The method has been found to increase the calcium content of bituminous coal to 12% calcium by weight, which corresponds to a Ca/S ratio of greater than 2. Progress was also made on the combustion test facility this quarter. A new modification of the low-flow coal feeder has made that system steady and reliable. With the furnace wired and plumbed, and the other subsystems complete, the facility is almo… more
Date: September 1, 1983
Creator: Porter, J. H.; Manning, M. P.; Benedek, K. R. & Sharma, P. K.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Comprehensive report to Congress: Clean Coal Technology program: Evaluation of gas reburning and low-NO sub x burners on a wall-fired boiler

Description: This report briefly describes the Gas Reburning and Low-NO{sub x} Burners technology which is a low-cost technology that can be applied in both retrofit and new applications. This demonstration will be conducted on a utility boiler in Colorado at Cherokee Station {number sign}3; however, the technology is applicable to industrial boilers and other combustion systems. Although this technology is primarily a NO{sub x} reduction technology, some reductions in other emissions will take place. Since… more
Date: September 1, 1990
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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International energy indicators

Description: Data are compiled and graphs are presented for Iran: Crude Oil Capacity, Production and Shut-in, 1974-1980; Saudi Arabia: Crude Oil Capacity, Production and Shut-in, 1974-1980; OPEC (Ex-Iran and Saudi Arabia): Capacity, Production and Shut-in, 1974-1980; Non-OPEC Free World and US Production of Crude Oil, 1973-1980; Oil Stocks: Free World, US, Japan and Europe (landed), 1973-1980; Petroleum Consumption by Industrial Countries, 1973-1980; USSR Crude Oil Production, 1974-1980; Free World and US N… more
Date: September 1, 1980
Creator: Bauer, E. K. (ed.)
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Pelletizing/reslurrying as a means of distributing and firing clean coal

Description: The objective of this study is to develop technology that permits the practical and economic preparation, storage, handling, and transportation of coal pellets, which can be formulated into Coal-Water Fuels (CWFs) suitable for firing in small- and medium-size commercial and industrial boilers, furnaces, and engines.
Date: September 20, 1991
Creator: Conkle, H. N.; Raghavan, J. K.; Smit, F. J. & Jha, M. C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

LIMB Demonstration Project Extension

Description: The basic goal of the Limestone Injection Multistage Burner (LIMB) demonstration is to extend LIMB technology development to a full-scale application on a representative wall-fired utility boiler. The successful retrofit of LIMB to an existing boiler is expected to demonstrate that (a) reductions of 50 percent or greater in SO and NO emissions can be achieved at a fraction of the cost of add-on FGD systems, (b) boiler reliability, operability, and steam production can be maintained at levels ex… more
Date: September 15, 1988
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Emissions of airborne toxics from coal-fired boilers: Mercury

Description: Concerns over emissions of hazardous air Pollutants (air toxics) have emerged as a major environmental issue, and the authority of the US Environmental Protection Agency to regulate such pollutants was greatly expanded through the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990. Mercury has been singled out for particular attention because of concerns over possible effects of emissions on human health. This report evaluates available published information on the mercury content of coals mined in the United St… more
Date: September 1, 1991
Creator: Huang, H. S.; Livengood, C. D. & Zaromb, S.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Combustion characterization of beneficiated coal-based fuels

Description: This three-year research project at Combustion Engineering, Inc. (CE), will assess the potential economic and environmental benefits derived from coal beneficiation by various advanced cleaning processes. The objectives of this program include the development of a detailed generic engineering data base, comprised of fuel combustion and ash performance data on beneficiated coal-based fuels (BCFs), which is needed to permit broad application. This technical data base will provide detailed informa… more
Date: September 1, 1989
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Hospital waste shredder test series at the DONLEE Pilot Test Facility

Description: This report describes the coal firing and coal and noninfectious hospital waste co-firing testing and emissions rates for the tests conducted at the DONLEE pilot plant facility during mid-December 1991 through early March 1992. The emissions obtained during these tests are in turn used to predict the emission rates for the proof-of-concept facility that is to be built at the Lebanon Veterans Affairs Medical Center. In addition, the reliability and performance of the waste shredding/feeding syst… more
Date: September 1, 1992
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Advanced Coal Liquefaction Research and Development Facility, Wilsonville, Alabama

Description: This report presents the results of Run 261 performed at the Advanced Coal Liquefaction R D Facility in Wilsonville, Alabama. The run started on January 12, 1991 and continued until May 31, 1991, operating in the Close-Coupled Integrated Two-Stage Liquefaction mode processing Illinois No. 6 seam bituminous coal (from Burning star No. 2 mine). In the first part of Run 261, a new bimodal catalyst, EXP-AO-60, was tested for its performance and attrition characteristics in the catalytic/catalytic m… more
Date: September 1, 1992
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Coal plasticity at high heating rates and temperatures

Description: Effects of pressure, temperature, and coal type on coal plasticity were investigated. Seven coals, from the Argonne premium sample bank ranging from lignite to low volatile bituminous, were studied. Elevated pressures, up to 10 atm of helium, did not affect coal plasticity, but reducing pressure from atmosphere to vacuum resulted in diminished plasticity, i.e. a shorter plastic period and a higher minimum apparent viscosity. It is hypothesized that high pressure inhibits mass transport of metap… more
Date: September 1, 1992
Creator: Gerjarusak, S.; Peters, W.A. & Howard, J.B.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Nitrogen oxide abatement by distributed fuel addition

Description: Reburning is examined as a means of NO{sub x} destruction in a 17 kW down-fired pulverized coal combustor. In reburning, a secondary fuel is introduced downstream of the primary flame to produce a reducing zone, favorable to NO destruction, and air is introduced further downstream to complete the combustion. Emphasis is on natural gas reburning and a bituminous coal primary flame. A parametric examination of reburning employing a statistical experimental design, is conducted, complemented by de… more
Date: September 20, 1991
Creator: Wendt, J. O. L. & Mereb, J. B.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

EERC pilot-scale CFBC evaluation facility Project CFB test results

Description: Project CFB was initiated at the University of North Dakota Energy and Environmental Research Center (EERC) in May 1988. Specific goals of the project were to (1) construct a circulating fluidized-bed combustor (CFBC) facility representative of the major boiler vendors' designs with the capability of producing scalable data, (2) develop a database for use in making future evaluations of CFBC technology, and (3) provide a facility for evaluating fuels, free of vendor bias for use in the - energy… more
Date: September 1, 1992
Creator: Mann, Michael D.; Hajicek, Douglas R.; Henderson, Ann K. & Moe, Thomas A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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