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Self-selection contributes significantly to the lower adiposity offaster, longer-distanced, male and female walkers

Description: Although cross-sectional studies show active individuals areleaner than their sedentary counterparts, it remains to be determined towhat extent this is due to initially leaner men and women choosing toexercise longer and more intensely (self-selection bias). In this reportwalking volume (weekly distance) and intensity (speed) were compared tocurrent BMI (BMIcurrent) and BMI at the start of walking (BMIstarting) in20,353 women and 5,174 men who had walked regularly for exercise for 7.2and 10.6 y… more
Date: January 6, 2006
Creator: Williams, Paul T.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Interactive effects of age and exercise on adiposity measures of41,582 physically active women

Description: The objective of this report is to assess in women whether exercise affects the estimated age-related increase in adiposity, and contrariwise, whether age affects the estimated exercise-related decrease in adiposity. Cross-sectional analyses of 64,911 female runners who provided data on their body mass index (97.6 percent), waist (91.1percent), and chest circumferences (77.9 percent). Age affected the relationships between vigorous exercise and adiposity. The decline in BMI per km/wk run was li… more
Date: June 1, 2004
Creator: Williams, Paul T. & Satariano, William A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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In vivo neutron activation facility at Brookhaven National Laboratory

Description: Seven important body elements, C, N, Ca, P, K, Na, and Cl, can be measured with great precision and accuracy in the in vivo neutron activation facilities at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The facilities include the delayed-gamma neutron activation, the prompt-gamma neutron activation, and the inelastic neutron scattering systems. In conjunction with measurements of total body water by the tritiated-water dilution method several body compartments can be defined from the contents of these elemen… more
Date: November 1, 1997
Creator: Ma, R.; Yasumura, Seiichi & Dilmanian, F.A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Analysis of the function of the agouti gene in obesity and diabetes

Description: This chapter discusses the agouti gene and dominant mutations in that gene that lead to agouti-induced obesity, and recent work with transgenic mice to elucidate the role of agouti in obesity. Agouti was cloned in 1992 by the lab of Rick Woychik at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, making it the first of many recently cloned mouse obesity genes. Sequence analysis predicted that mouse agouti is a secreted protein of 131 amino acids. The mature protein has a basic central region (lys57-arg85), a pro… more
Date: September 1, 1996
Creator: Mynatt, R. L.; Miltenberger, R. J. & Klebig, M. L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The specific activity of tritium in the organic components of the skin and fat of man following eight months` chronic exposure to HTO in body fluids

Description: A healthy 39-year-old male weighing 65 kg was exposed for a period of 8 months to varying levels of HTO. The average tritium activity in body fluids over the entire period was 23 {mu}c/liter. A few weeks after exposure, when the HTO activity in body fluids had declined to about 0.2 {mu}c/liter, a biopsy was pe formed on skin and fat taken from the region of the lower abdomen, and the material was analyzed for tritium activity. The skin showed an average activity equivalent to 0.4 {mu}c/kg of dr… more
Date: October 1, 1952
Creator: Pinson, E.A.; Anderson, E.C. & Lotz, V.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Cross-sectional relationships of exercise and age to adiposity in60,617 male runners

Description: The objective of this report is to assess in men whether exercise affects the estimated age-related increase in adiposity, and contrariwise, whether age affects the estimated exercise-related decrease in adiposity. Cross-sectional analyses of 64,911 male runners who provided data on their body mass index (97.6 percent), waist (91.1 percent), hip (47.1 percent), and chest circumferences (77.9 percent). Between 18 to 55 years old, the decline in BMI with weekly distance run (slope+-SE) was signif… more
Date: June 1, 2004
Creator: Williams, Paul T. & Pate, Russell R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Misregulation of Stromelysin-1 in Mouse Mammary Tumor Cells Accompanies Acquisition of Stromelysin-1 dependent Invasive Properties

Description: Stromelysin-1 is a member of the metalloproteinase family of extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes that regulates tissue remodeling. We previously established a transgenic mouse model in which rat stromelysin-1 targeted to the mammary gland augmented expression of endogenous stromelysin-1, disrupted functional differentiation, and induced mammary tumors. A cell line generated from an adenocarcinoma in one of these animals and a previously described mammary tumor cell line generated in culture … more
Date: February 21, 1997
Creator: Lochter, A.; Srebrow, A.; Sympson, C.J.; Terracio, N.; Werb, Z. & Bissell, M.J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Weight-loss changes PPAR expression, reduces atherosclerosis and improves cardiovascular function in obese insulin-resistant mice

Description: Weight-loss in obese insulin-resistant, but not in insulin-sensitive, persons reduces CHD risk. It is not known to what extent changes in the adipose gene expression profile are important for reducing CHD risk. We studied the effect of diet restriction-induced weight-loss on gene expression in adipose tissue, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular function in mice with combined leptin and LDL-receptor deficiency. Obesity, hypertriglyceridemia and insulin-resistance are associated with hypertension,… more
Date: September 1, 2003
Creator: Verreth, Wim; Verhamme, Peter; Pelat, Michael; Ganame, Javier; Bielicki, John K.; Mertens, Ann et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

New Developments in Ultrasonic Imaging of the Chest and Other Body Organs

Description: The ultrasonic imaging system described herein was developed to measure chest-wall thickness and the percentage of fat in the chest and around other body organs. The system uses pulse-echo techniques to transmit and detect sound waves reflected from the interfaces of body organs and adjacent tissue. A computer draws these interfaces on color scans, and a code is used to exponentially average data from several points on each scan to find the average thicknesses of the chest wall and fat layers. … more
Date: April 27, 1978
Creator: Campbell, G. W. & Anderson, A. L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Nuclear Medicine Program progress report for quarter ending March 31, 1993

Description: We have exploring the possibility of measuring urinary radioactivity as an index of pancreatic lipase activity after oral administration of a new triglyceride containing a radioactive iodine-1 25-labeled fatty acid moiety. The new agent, 1,2-dipalmitoyl-3[15-(p-iodophenyl)pentandecan-l-oyl]-racglycerol (1,2-Pal-3-IPPA), was prepared by the thallation-iodide displacement method. Following oral gavage of the radioiodinated triglyceride to rats, about 30% of the administered activity was excreted … more
Date: April 1, 1993
Creator: Knapp, F. F. Jr.; Ambrose, K. R.; Beets, A. L.; Callahan, A. P.; McPherson, D. W.; Mirzadeh, S. et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

On the exhalation rate of radon by man

Description: This paper describes some aspects of the exhalation rate of radon by man which may be relevant to its internal dosimetry and, therefore, to possible radiobiological consequences. Prolonged exposure of a person to radon results in a reservoir or radon dissolved in body fat and fluids. If the person then moves to an environment with a lower radon concentration, there is a net exhalation of radon and the initial exhalation rate depends on the radon concentration in the first environment. This is d… more
Date: January 1, 1990
Creator: Rundo, J.; Markun, F. & Plondke, N.J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Protection of Wild Adult Steelhead in Idaho by Adipose Fin Removal: 1985-1988 Final Report.

Description: Steelhead trout reared in Idaho hatcheries for release during the 1984--1988 outmigrations were adipose fin clipped to differentiate between wild/natural and hatchery-reared fish. From 1984--1988, 34 million hatchery-reared steelhead trout were clipped and 30.1 million were released; the difference being made up by hatchery mortality and the percent of acceptable clips. Since 1987, the adipose clip has given protection to all wild/natural steelhead and identified them from hatchery stocks. 135 … more
Date: April 1, 1989
Creator: Duke, Rodney C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Kinetic model building using advanced nuclear medicine techniques: the kinetics of chromium(III) in the human body. [/sup 51/Cr]

Description: The purpose of this study is to investigate whether a valid index of chromium (III) nutritional status can be determined with satisfaction through in vivo kinetic analysis. Three normal subjects and three patients suffering from hemochromatosis were periodically scanned with the Donner Laboratory computerized whole body scanners, starting seconds after radiochromium(III) was administered intravenously, up to a period of 84 days. The activity in the liver, adipose and muscle tissues, spleen and … more
Date: June 1, 1978
Creator: Lim, T.H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

PCDDs (polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins) and PCDFs (polychlorinated dibenzofurans) in humans

Description: Numerous instances of human exposure to polychlorinated dibenzo-p- dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) have been documented. Following the development of sufficiently specific and sensitive analytical methods during the past few years, many reports have appeared on PCDD and PCDF levels in human blood and adipose tissues. Studies have examined the PCDD and PCDF levels resulting from accidental and occupational exposures of various groups, including chemical plant workers, f… more
Date: January 1, 1990
Creator: Swanson, S.E. (Midwest Research Inst., Kansas City, MO (USA)) & Erickson, M.D. (Argonne National Lab., IL (USA))
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

New Developments in Ultrasonic Imaging of the Chest and Other Body Organs. [Personnel Monitoring for Pu Deposited in Lungs]

Description: The accurate measurement of transuranic elements deposited in the lung is a complex task. One of the problems is measuring uranium-L x-rays associated with plutonium passing through the chest of an accidentally exposed subject. Because the normal human chest-wall thickness varies from about 1 to 4.5 cm, it is important that an accurate determination be made for every person counted for plutonium or for other heavy elements with similar emissions. An ultrasonic B-scanning system (brightness modu… more
Date: November 11, 1977
Creator: Campbell, G. W. & Anderson, A. L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Dual photon absorptiometry: Validation of mineral and fat measurements

Description: Photons passing through human tissue undergo attenuation in relation to the specific chemical substances with which they interact. By selecting two appropriate photon energies and recording their attenuation, the investigator can solve simultaneous equations that subdivide body mass into two components: soft tissue and bone mineral ash. The aim of this paper is to describe and to validate the estimates of body composition derived by dual photon systems. The initial studies largely involved dual… more
Date: January 1, 1989
Creator: Heymsfield, S. B.; Wang, J.; Sulet, M.; Lichtman, S.; Pierson, R. N. Jr. (Saint Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, NY (USA)); Kehayias, J. (Tufts Univ., Boston, MA (USA). USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts Univ.) et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Estimating Adipose Tissue in the Chest Wall Using Ultrasonic and Alternate /sup 40/K and Biometric Measurements

Description: The percentage of adipose (fat) tissue in the chest wall must be known to accurately measure Pu in the human lung. Correction factors of 100% or more in x-ray detection efficiency are common. Methods using simple /sup 40/K and biometric measurement techniques were investigated to determine the adipose content in the human chest wall. These methods predict adipose content to within 15% of the absolute ultrasonic value. These new methods are discussed and compared with conventional ultrasonic mea… more
Date: January 22, 1982
Creator: Anderson, A. L. & Campbell, G. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Nuclear Medicine Program progress report for quarter ending March 31, 1993

Description: We have exploring the possibility of measuring urinary radioactivity as an index of pancreatic lipase activity after oral administration of a new triglyceride containing a radioactive iodine-1 25-labeled fatty acid moiety. The new agent, 1,2-dipalmitoyl-3[15-(p-iodophenyl)pentandecan-l-oyl]-racglycerol (1,2-Pal-3-IPPA), was prepared by the thallation-iodide displacement method. Following oral gavage of the radioiodinated triglyceride to rats, about 30% of the administered activity was excreted … more
Date: April 1, 1993
Creator: Knapp, F. F. Jr.; Ambrose, K. R.; Beets, A. L.; Callahan, A. P.; McPherson, D. W.; Mirzadeh, S. et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Evaluation of the health hazard from inhaled krypton-85

Description: Evaluation of the degree of internal radiation hazard requires knowledge of the parameters of Kr-85 metabolism in human beings. Data on the rate of saturation and desaturation of the body tissues are required for this estimation. The object of this in vivo study was to characterize the metabolism of inhaled Kr. For this purpose, measurements were made of the distribution and clearance of Kr following inhalation of /sup 79/Kr by the normal subjects. The rate constants determined for /sup 79/Kr w… more
Date: January 1, 1979
Creator: Cohn, S.H.; Ellis, K.J. & Susskind, H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

In Vivo Measurement of Actinides in the Human Lung. [Calibration and Comparison of Phoswich, Large-Area Proportional Counter, and Intrinsic Germanium Planar Array Detector Systems]

Description: The problems associated with the in vivo detection and measurement of actinides in the human lung are discussed together with various measurement systems currently in use. In particular, the methods and calibration procedures employed at the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, namely, the use of twin Phoswich detectors and a new, more realistic, tissue-equivalent phantom, are described. Methods for the measurement of chest-wall thickness, fat content, and normal human background counts are also disc… more
Date: November 6, 1979
Creator: Anderson, A. L.; Campbell, G. W. & Griffith, R. V.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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