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State-of-the-art for evaluating the potential impact of tectonism and volcanism on a radioactive waste repository

Description: Most estimates of the time required for safe isolation of radioactive wastes from the biosphere range from 100,000 to 1,000,000 years. For such long time spans, it is necessary to assess the potential effects of geologic processes such as volcanism and tectonic activity on the integrity of geologic repositories. Predictions of geologic phenomena can be based on probabilistic models, which assume a random distribution of events. The necessary historic and geologic records are rarely available to… more
Date: July 16, 1980
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Correlation of alluvial deposits at the Nevada Test Site

Description: Because characteristics of rock layers and problems in drilling must be studied before radioactive waste can be safely contained, an evaluation was made of methods for correlating alluvial deposits at Yucca Flat of the Nevada Test Site (NTS). Although correlation of Tertiary volcanic tuff beds at the NTS has been successfully achieved, correlation of stratigraphic zones in the overlying alluvium has posed technical difficulties. We have evaluated several methods for correlating alluvial deposit… more
Date: September 30, 1977
Creator: Grothaus, B. & Howard, N.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Experimental and theoretical investigations of marine stratocumulus cloud sensitivity to climate parameters using ship-trail clouds

Description: The formation and radiative properties of clouds are poorly parameterized in numerical climate models, especially marine boundary layer clouds. Twomey (1991), after describing the importance of cloud microphysics to the climate problem, states Clearly, many more field measurements and laboratory experiments are called for, rather than endless repetitions of computer simulations that are closely related to each other and parameterize in very similar ways.'' The effort described here is a field e… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Porch, W.; Buchwald, M.; Glatzmaier, T.; Kao, C.-Y.; Unruh, W. (Los Alamos National Lab., NM (United States)); Hudson, J. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Physical simulations of cavity closure in a creeping material

Description: The finite element method has been used extensively to predict the creep closure of underground petroleum storage cavities in rock salt. Even though the numerical modeling requires many simplifying assumptions, the predictions have generally correlated with field data from instrumented wellheads, however, the field data are rather limited. To gain an insight into the behavior of three-dimensional arrays of cavities and to obtain a larger data base for the verification of analytical simulations … more
Date: September 1, 1985
Creator: Sutherland, H.J. & Preece, D.S.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Structural analysis of the West Hackbery No. 6 SPR storage cavern

Description: Four separate structural analyses of the West Hackberry No. 6 SPR storage cavern are presented. One analysis covers the creep response of the cavern beginning shortly before the time when an accidental fire occurred and proceeding through the cavern recertification pressure test. The second analysis models the surface uplife that is expected during the same pressure test. The third and fourth numerical studies investigate the structural response of West Hackberry No. 6 to slabbing and a rapid p… more
Date: August 1, 1980
Creator: Benzley, S.E.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Mechanical transport in two-dimensional networks of fractures

Description: The objectives of this research are to evaluate directional mechanical transport parameters for anisotropic fracture systems, and to determine if fracture systems behave like equivalent porous media. The tracer experiments used to measure directional tortuosity, longitudinal geometric dispersivity, and hydraulic effective porosity are conducted with a uniform flow field and measurements are made from the fluid flowing within a test section where linear length of travel is constant. Since fluid … more
Date: April 1, 1984
Creator: Endo, H.K.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

State-of-the-art for evaluating the potential impact of flooding on a radioactive waste repository

Description: This report is a review of the state-of-the-art for evaluating the potential impact of flooding on a deep radioactive-waste repository, namely, for predicting the future occurrence of catastrophic flooding and for estimating the effect of such flooding on waste containment characteristics. Several detrimental effects are identified: flooding can increase groundwater seepage velocities through a repository within the framework of the existing hydrologic system and thus increase the rate of radio… more
Date: July 16, 1980
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Technique for dynamic range reduction for Landsat ratio images

Description: The LANDSAT ratio image, obtained by dividing one MSS band by another on a point-by-point basis, has become an established tool for geological applications over the past several years. Display of such images can be difficult since the dynamic range can extend from zero to infinity. A scheme for dynamic range reduction, based on a mathematical model of the multispectral image, is presented. It can be implemented on stand-alone digital image processing systems as well as general purpose computers… more
Date: January 1, 1978
Creator: Wecksung, G.W. & Breedlove, J.R. Jr.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Evaluation of the geological relationships to gas hydrate formation and stability

Description: During the reported year we have enhanced our knowledge on and gained considerable experience in assessment of the gas hydrate resources in the offshore environments. Specifically, we have learned and gained experience in the following: Efficiently locating data sources, including published literature and unpublished information. We have established personal communication extremely critical in data accessability and acquisition. We have updated information pertinent to gas hydrate knowledge, al… more
Date: January 1, 1985
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Massive sulfide deposits and hydrothermal solutions: incremental reaction modeling of mineral precipitation and sulfur isotopic evolution

Description: Incremental reaction path modeling of chemical and sulfur isotopic reactions occurring in active hydrothermal vents on the seafloor, in combination with chemical and petrographic data from sulfide samples from the seafloor and massive sulfide ore deposits, allows a detailed examination of the processes involved. This paper presents theoretical models of reactions of two types: (1) adiabatic mixing between hydrothermal solution and seawater, and (2) reaction of hydrothermal solution with sulfide… more
Date: January 1, 1986
Creator: Janecky, D.R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Development of a procedure to estimate runoff and sediment transport in ephemeral streams

Description: A distributed hydrologic model for application on small, semiarid watersheds is developed. The distributed model incorporates simplified routing schemes to include the influence of transmission losses on runoff. A sediment transport model, by sediment size fractions, is developed to compute transport capacity and sediment yield in noncohesive, alluvial channels. Based on available information published in soils and topographic maps and on channel and bed sediment characteristics, the procedure … more
Date: January 1, 1982
Creator: Lane, L.J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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State-of-the-art for evaluating the potential effects of erosion and deposition on a radioactive waste repository. Final report

Description: The potential impact of future geologic processes on the integrity of a deep, high-level radioactive-waste repository is evaluated. The following study identifies the potential consequences of surface erosion and deposition on sub-surface repository containment characteristics and assesses the ability to measure and predict quantitatively the rates and corresponding extent of these processes in the long term. Numerous studies of the magnitudes and rates of surficial erosion and deposition that … more
Date: July 16, 1980
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Identifying suitable "piercement" salt domes for nuclear waste storage sites

Description: Piercement salt domes of the northern interior salt basins of the Gulf of Mexico are being considered as permanent storage sites for both nuclear and chemically toxic wastes. The suitable domes are stable and inactive, having reached their final evolutionary configuration at least 30 million years ago. They are buried to depths far below the level to which erosion will penetrate during the prescribed storage period and are not subject to possible future reactivation. The salt cores of these dom… more
Date: August 1, 1980
Creator: Kehle, R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

(The fate of nuclides in natural water systems)

Description: Our research at Yale on the fate of nuclides in natural water systems has three components to it: the study of the atmospheric precipitation of radionuclides and other chemical species; the study of the behavior of natural radionuclides in groundwater and hydrothermal systems; and understanding the controls on the distribution of radionuclides and stable nuclides in the marine realm. In this section a review of our progress in each of these areas is presented.
Date: January 1, 1989
Creator: Turekian, K.K. (Yale Univ., New Haven, CT (USA). Dept. of Geology and Geophysics)
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Variability of surface fluxes over a heterogeneous semi-arid grassland

Description: Efforts are increasing throughout the research community to improve the predictive capabilities of general circulation models (GCMs). The US Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program has stated its goals as improving the representation and parameterization of cloud radiative forcing and feedbacks in GCMs by a combined modeling and experimental approach. Along with ambient atmospheric conditions, including advection of water vapor and cloud nuclei from other regions,… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Barnes, F.J.; Porch, W.; Cooper, D. (Los Alamos National Lab., NM (United States)); Kunkel, K.E. (Illinois Univ., Urbana, IL (United States)); Hipps, L. & Swiatek, E. (Utah State Univ., Logan, UT (United States))
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Structural analysis of the central Columbia Plateau utilizing radar, digital topography, and magnetic data bases

Description: Interest in the Hanford site (Washington) as a nuclear production, power, and waste disposal site has led to generation of a vast quantity of geophysical and remote sensing data sets of the central Columbia Plateau. To data, these various studies, including at least 13 independent magnetic linear and image lineament studies, have not been adequately correlated. Therefore, these studies provide a unique opportunity to compare and contrast the viability of the different geophysical and remote sen… more
Date: August 1, 1991
Creator: Thiessen, R. L.; Eliason, J. R.; Johnson, L. K.; Brougher, C. W. (Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA (United States). Dept. of Geology); Foley, M. G. & Beaver, D. E. (Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA (United States))
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Inelastic processes in seismic wave generation by underground explosions

Description: Theories, computer calculations, and measurements of spherical stress waves from explosions are described and compared, with emphasis on the transition from inelastic to almost-elastic relations between stress and strain. Two aspects of nonspherical explosion geometry are considered: tectonic strain release and surface spall. Tectonic strain release affects the generation of surface waves; spall closure may also. The reduced-displacement potential is a common solution (the equivalent elastic so… more
Date: August 1, 1980
Creator: Rodean, H.C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Optimized design and predicted performance of a deep ocean 50 m piston coring system

Description: Calculational techniques are described which were developed or adapted for the purpose of analyzing the mechanical response of a proposed piston coring system capable of recovering high quality 50 m long cores. The analysis includes the effects of barrel geometry on the mass required to penetrate 50 m of an assumed sediment, the effects of non-vertical entry and pullout on the stresses within the barrel, and the effects of steel cable or parachute piston restraints on the resulting core sample … more
Date: January 1, 1980
Creator: Karnes, C. H.; Burchett, S. N. & Dzwilewski, P. T.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Geochemical orientation survey of stream sediment, stream water, and ground water near uranium prospects, Monticello area, New York. National Uranium Resource Evaluation Program

Description: A detailed geochemical test survey has been conducted in a 570 sq km area around six small copper-uranium prospects in sandstones of the Devonian Catskill Formation near Monticello in southern New York state. This report summarizes and interprets the data for about 500 stream sediment samples, 500 stream water samples, and 500 ground water samples, each analyzed for 40 to 50 elements. The groundwater samples furnish distinctive anomalies for uranium, helium, radon, and copper near the mineraliz… more
Date: August 1, 1982
Creator: Rose, A. W.; Smith, A. T. & Wesolowski, D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Study of rock-water-nuclear waste interactions in the Pasco Basin, Washington: Part II. Preliminary equilibrium-step simulations of basalt diagenesis

Description: Interactions between a large number of complex chemical and physical processes have resulted in significant changes in the Pasco Basin hydrochemical system since emplacement of the first basalt flow. In order to perform preliminary simulations of the chemical evolution of this system, certain simplifying assumptions and procedures were adopted and a computer model which operates on the principal of local equilibrium was used for the mass transfer calculations. Significant uncertainties exist in… more
Date: August 1, 1980
Creator: Benson, L. V.; Carnahan, C. L. & Che, M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Seismic hazard evaluation for the high-flux isotope reactor (HFIR) Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee

Description: This study investigates the probabilistic hazard of earthquake-induced ground shaking at the HFIR facility, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. These results will be used to calculate plant response and potential effects in a Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA). For this purpose, several guidelines apply to this work. First, both the frequency of exceedance and the uncertainty in frequency of exceedance of various ground motion levels must be represented. These are required by the PRA so that the frequency a… more
Date: September 1, 1991
Creator: McGuire, R.K. & Toro, G.R. (Risk Engineering, Inc., Golden, CO (United States))
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Physical characterization of magmatic liquids. [Ultrasonic and Brillouin Scattering Studies of Natural and Synthetic Silicates and Oxides]

Description: This report describes a research project that was conducted from August 15, 1985 to February 28, 1992. The project was based on the ultrasonic studies of natural and synthetic silicate melts, and the study of Brillouin scattering of synthetic silicates and oxides. Measurements of the compressional wave velocity and attenuation can be established using the ultrasonic methods. Temperature dependences of silicates can be established by the Brillouin scattering. (MB)
Date: June 5, 1992
Creator: Manghnani, M.H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Geodynamics Project. US progress report, 1975

Description: The recommendations of the US Geodynamics Committee relative to program activities are presented. US Program progress is reviewed in the following areas: fine structure of the crust and upper mantle; continuous seismic reflection profiling of the deep basement: Hardeman County, Texas; Mid-Atlantic Ridge - evolution of oceanic lithosphere; internal processes and properties; crystal growing; chemical differentiation of magmas; geodynamic modelling; magnetic problems; plate boundaries; plate inter… more
Date: January 1, 1976
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Radioactive waste isolation in salt: peer review of the Office of Nuclear Waste Isolation's Geochemical Program Plan

Description: Describe the management program for coordinating subcontractors and their work, and integrating research results. Appropriate flowcharts should be included. Provide more information on the overall scope of the program. For each subcontractor, provide specific workscopes that indicate whether analytical activities are developmental or routine, approximate number of analyses to be made, and something of the adequacy of the analyses to meet program goals. Indicate interfaces with other earth-scien… more
Date: February 1, 1984
Creator: Harrison, W.; Seitz, M.; Fenster, D.; Lerman, A.; Brookins, D. & Tisue, M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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