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in subjects: "290300 -- Energy Planning & Policy-- Environment, Health, & Safety"

(Environmental impact assessment as applied to policies, plans and programs)

A proposal to study the application of the principles of environmental impact assessment (EIA) to policy, plans, and programs was submitted by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to the Senior Advisors on Environmental and Water Problems of the United Nations Economic Commission. On approval, EPA asked Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) to support its efforts as lead participant on an international task force. ORNL is responsible for overall project management, including development of the report. At the first meeting in Geneva on June 18--19, there were representatives from Austria, Canada, Finland, Norway, Poland, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. The administrative/legal setting for EIA in each country was reviewed. The objectives of the task force were defined, and issues related to the application of EIA at the policy level were discussed. At the second meeting, in addition to those countries represented at the first meeting the Commission of Economic Communities, Czech and Slovak Federal Republic, Remark, Federal Republic of Germany, Hungary, and The Netherlands were represented. A brief review was given by the new participants of legal/administrative requirements for EIA in their countries. Case studies were presented by Canada, Finland, The Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, and the United States.

Date: October 19, 1990

Creator: Sigal, L.L.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

Guidance for implementing an environmental, safety, and health-assurance program. Volume 15. A model plan for line organization environmental, safety, and health-assurance programs

This is 1 of 15 documents designed to illustrate how an Environmental, Safety and Health (ES and H) Assurance Program may be implemented. The generic definition of ES and H Assurance Programs is given in a companion document entitled An Environmental, Safety and Health Assurance Program Standard. This particular document presents a model operational-level ES and H Assurance Program that may be used as a guide by an operational-level organization in developing its own plan. The model presented here reflects the guidance given in the total series of 15 documents.

Date: January 1, 1982

Creator: Ellingson, A.C. & Trauth, C.A. Jr.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

Multi-purpose exercises: Making DOE exercises meet state and local exercise requirements

Exercises provide opportunities for different emergency response groups to practice their combined response. State and local governments receiving financial assistance from the Federal Emergency Management Agency under Comprehensive Cooperative Agreements must hold regular exercises demonstrating their response to different types of hazards. Department of Energy, other federal, and industrial installations have exercise requirements, as do other facilities such as hospitals and airports. Combining exercise efforts can help state and local responders satisfy their exercise requirements while reducing the total number of required exercises, enhancing the realism of the response, and promoting in integrated community response. 11 refs.

Date: January 1, 1991

Creator: Adler, M.V.; Gant, K.S. (Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States)) & Rowland, R.A. (Federal Emergency Management Agency, Washington, DC (United States). Chemical Preparedness Div.)

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

Comprehensive environmental assessment and response program

The US Department of Energy's (USDOE) Albuquerque Operations Office installations are being evaluated under its Comprehensive Environmental Assessment and Response program (CEARP). The installations consist of eight weapons development and production facilities, which are located across the United States. The evaluation covers the major environmental regulations, with emphasis on the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) and on the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). The CEARP is intended to help fulfill USDOE obligations for federal facilities under the US Environmental Protection Agency (CERCLA Program and constitutes the same basic approach as contained in USEPA guidance to federal facilities. The Program is a phased program to identify, assess, and correct existing and potential environmental concerns relative to these regulations. The five phases are Phase I - Installation Assessment, Phase II - Confirmation, Phase III - Technological Assessment, Phase IV - Remedial Action, and Phase V - Compliance and Verification. Phase I activities and reports should be completed during 1986. The Phase II generic sampling plans, data management plans, health and safety plans, and quality assurance/quality control plans will be prepared during 1986. Significant characterization of CERCLA sites will be initiated during 1987.

Date: January 1, 1986

Creator: Gunderson, T.C.; Vocke, R.W. & Stoker, A.K.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

Comprehensive environment, health, and safety program report, FY 1978

A description is given of the environment, health, and safety research, development, and demonstration activities carried out and in progress. Discussion is presented under the following section headings: a comprehensive environment, health, and safety program: concept and implementation approach; the DOE Office of Environment - program and selected activities; environmental, health, and safety activities of other DOE offices; and, environmental, health, and safety activities of other federal agencies; titles of the four appendixes are: definition of research categories; summary of energy-related environment, health, and safety concerns; environment, health, and safety laws and regulations governing activities of the Department of Energy; and environmental, health, and safety activities of federal agencies participating in the Federal Inventory. (JGB)

Date: February 1, 1979

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

Evolution of an environmental audit program

Environmental audits are discussed. Within todays corporate culture, auditors and auditees alike, have been assigned stewardship over the environment. Audits provide a quality assurance check to contribute to the verification process, helping to ensure the management practices associated with the environmental management system are in place, functioning, and adequate. The objective of the audit is to help improve the effectiveness of that basic management system while at the same time determining compliance with the environmental requirements. Performing the audit in a well documented manner, using technique knowledgeable teams, will provide defendable benefits should the audit be challenged and will enhance the credibility of the existing environmental management system.

Date: October 1, 1991

Creator: Maday, J.H. & Kuusinen, T.L.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

Radiation protection enrollments and degrees, 1978: enrollments, Fall 1978, degrees granted, July 1966--June 1978

This report presents the results of the eighth annual survey of Radiation Protection Enrollments and Degrees. Each year the survey is sent to institutions offering degrees in radiation protection and in other closely related fields (health physics, radiation health, radiological physics, radiobiology, and similar programs) whose graduates would be prepared to conduct, coordinate, direct, or plan a program for the evaluation and control of radiation hazards in various settings. Data are presented on enrollments and degrees, placement of graduates, women and minorities, foreign nationals, and regional distribution. 2 figures, 10 tables. (RWR)

Date: August 1, 1979

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

Safety analysis and review system (SARS)

The basic requirements and responsibilities outlined in DOE Order 5481.1A are described. The status of Office of Operational Safety evaluation of existing programs and the assistance being provided by Los Alamos, and anticipated evaluation activities are discussed. (ACR)

Date: January 1, 1984

Creator: Graf, J.M. & Lopez, J.J.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

The mixture rule under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act

Under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), wastes may be classified as hazardous wastes or solid (non-hazardous) wastes. Each classification of wastes has its own applicable handling requirements. In accordance with the definition of hazardous waste under RCRA, waste mixtures containing a hazardous and solid waste component are hazardous wastes, unless certain exceptions apply. The primary purpose of the RCRA waste mixture provisions are to ensure that the Subtitle C (hazardous waste) requirements are applied consistently to both hazardous wastes and waste mixtures. These provisions were intended to discourage the commingling of the hazardous wastes with non-hazardous solid wastes simply to avoid Subtitle C regulation.

Date: September 1, 1991

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

The development and revision of the Federal Radiological Emergency Response Plan

Since 1985, federal agencies have been using the Federal Radiological Emergency Response Plan (FRERP) in exercises and real events. This experience and the development of other emergency response guidance (e.g., National System for Emergency Coordination) are fueling current efforts to review and revise the FRERP to reflect what the agencies have learned since the FRERP was published. Revision efforts are concentrating on clarifying the plan and addressing deficiencies. No major changes are expected in the general structure of the federal response nor should states need to revise their plans because of these modifications. 5 refs.

Date: January 1, 1989

Creator: Gant, K.S.; Adler, M.V.; Wolff, W.F. (Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (USA) & USDOE, Washington, DC (USA))

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

Development of a management system for implementing the NEPA process in the Department of Energy. Technical progress report, March 1, 1978--February 28, 1979

DOE'S numerous difficulties in responding to the National Environmental Policy Act have sometimes resulted in costly program delays. The Assistant Secretary for Environment commissioned this three-year project to develop a comprehensive approach to managing NEPA compliance agency-wide. The first year's effort resulted in the conceptual design described in this report. The approach used in the NEPA Management System (NMS) project included: analysis of DOE's basic functions to achieve its mission and their associated environmental requirements; analysis of existing DOE mechanisms for meeting these environmental requirements; development of potential approaches for improving the Department's response to NEPA. The issues and potential solutions presented are based on review and analysis of scores of DOE management guidance documents and interviews with hundreds of DOE personnel, both at headquarters and in the field. A six-part Conceptual Framework of the NMS was developed to organize the analysis and present its conclusions. Potentially responsive approaches to improve DOE's NEPA response include: early consideration of the environment in departmental policy making and regulations development; early, detailed planning for NEPA document preparation and review; integration of NEPA compliance activities with DOE procurement processes; institution of post-EIS mitigation and monitoring procedures; development of comprehensive guidance for all aspects of NEPA compliance. Conceptual approaches to solving each of these problems are presented as a basis for more detailed work in the second year.

Date: April 1, 1979

Creator: Rolan, R.G.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

Energy conservation and the environment: conflict or complement

The policy discussion following the Oil Embargo was clouded with fears of a return to a primitive existence based on drastically reduced energy inputs to society, or, on the other hand, an abandoning of environmental goals, allegedly a major barrier to development of new energy supplies. Often the energy use associated with environmental improvements was cited as a reason for expanding energy supplies, as if to say that a conflict existed between a clean environment and reductions in energy use. Or it was argued that a relaxation of environmental goals would lower the direct costs of harvesting and using energy and thereby alleviate the need for energy conservation. It has also been argued that the geopolitics of energy alone will force us to substitute riskier or ''dirtier'' energy sources for relatively clean oil and gas. Indeed, there is no question that the relationship among energy, the environment, and economic well-being is complicated. This essay sorts out many of the confusing aspects in order to show how goals relating to the efficient use of energy are aligned both with traditional economic goals and with modern environmental goals. To do this the author analyzes in depth the role of energy in the economy and, using examples, traces the origins of many of the misconceptions about that role--misconceptions that have inhibited a profound discussion of energy-related goals.

Date: September 1, 1978

Creator: Schipper, L.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

Lectures notes for introduction to environmental law

This four-hour overview course is designed to briefly describe the environmental law system. The course provides an overview that managers and technical people will find useful as a beginning course or a course that puts formerly taken detailed courses in perspective. The course begins by defining environmental law and describing the legal system that establishes compliance obligations. Then, all the major Environmental Acts such as The Water Pollution Control Act, The National Environmental Policy Act, Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), and Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) are briefly described and interrelated. All the environmental DOE Orders, selected books, and other source material are referenced. Radioactive pollutants are not discussed; however, reference material is provided.

Date: December 1, 1991

Creator: Cadwell, J.J.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

Staff rosters for 1979: environmental programs

The roster of the scientific and professional staffs of the Environmental Programs of the Department of Energy and Environment has been compiled as of December 1979. Staff members have been listed according to their organizational units, i.e., the Atmospheric Sciences Division, the Environmental Chemistry Division, the Oceanographic Sciences Division, and the Land and Freshwater Environmental Sciences Group. Educational background, research interests, professional activities, summary of experience at BNL, and selected publications have been included for each member listed.

Date: December 1, 1979

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

Making the audit work for you

These slides presented at an Environmental Auditing Conference, focus on one aspect of environmental auditing: its important role in the even broader practice of Environmental Management. The use of audits by the Department of Energy will be examined within the context of sound environmental management to illustrate the delicate practice of Making the Audit Work for You.'' A summary of the main points to be covered follows. (1) Brief description of DOE Environmental Audit process; disciplines covered, DOE Orders reviewed, management/operations evaluated. (2) Brief discussion of DOE/Secretary Watkin's Tiger Team initiative as the cornerstone of his plan to strengthen the Department's Environment, Safety, and Health (ESH) programs. (3) Examples given of the types of findings presented in each of these areas, along with brief examples of root causes, lessons learned, trends, and noteworthy practices. (4) Discussion of the relationships between environmental audits, safety and health assessments, and management and organization assessments. (5) Discussion of Environmental Auditing/Assessment and its recurring role in the Environmental Management continuum. (6) DOE is cited as an example of an organization that uses audits as a powerful environmental management tool to help achieve its objectives and multiple goals.

Date: October 1, 1991

Creator: Wilczynski, E.J.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

Environmental Regulatory Update Table, August 1991

This Environmental Regulatory Update Table (August 1991) provides information on regulatory initiatives of interest to DOE operations and contractor staff with environmental management responsibilities. The table is updated each month with information from the Federal Register and other sources, including direct contact with regulatory agencies. Each table entry provides a chronological record of the rulemaking process for that initiative with an abstract and a projection of further action.

Date: September 1, 1991

Creator: Houlberg, L.M., Hawkins, G.T. & Salk, M.S.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

Environmental Regulatory Update Table, September 1991

The Environmental Regulatory Update Table provides information on regulatory initiatives of interest to DOE operations and contractor staff with environmental management responsibilities. The table is updated each month with information from the Federal Register and other sources, including direct contact with regulatory agencies. Each table entry provides a chronological record of the rulemaking process for that initiative with an abstract and a projection of further action.

Date: October 1, 1991

Creator: Houlberg, L.M.; Hawkins, G.T. & Salk, M.S.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

Global and site specific multimedia (field) studies

Experience with radioactive fallout, with organic contaminants and with heavy metals has amply demonstrated that cross-media transfers are common and that understanding the transport, cycling, and fate of these contaminants requires a multimedia approach. Nonetheless, pollutants with similar physical and chemical attributes may follow markedly different pathways. The frequency of exceptions to predictions based on simplistic models is also sufficient to show that direct investigation of environmental contamination is essential to confirm validity of models used for conceptualizing a problem or for control. Modeling based on multimedia premises and regulatory controls that encompass multimedia considerations are challenged by a dilemma, however. First, the development of multimedia models or regulatory frameworks represents simplification and generalization. This is true for several reasons: (1) inadequate understanding of physical and environmental factors which control specific cross-media transfer; (2) the absence of specific data on certain multimedia pollutant concentrations; (3) even the most powerful computers do not have sufficient speed and capacity to deal with the known complexities of natural systems. On the other hand, for contaminants such as mercury, it may be necessary to include great detail; the overall distribution in the environment may be less important than the rate of some minor process. With sufficient experience and good judgment of what can be ignored, the simplifications and generalizations can be made. For the present, and for the foreseeable future, however, they absolutely must be accompanied by thorough field validation and monitoring.

Date: January 1, 1987

Creator: Cutshall, N.H. & Guerin, M.R.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

Ecology for a changing earth

To forecast the ecological impact of global change, research initiatives are needed on the explicit role of humans in ecological systems, and on how ecological processes functioning at different spatial and temporal scales are coupled. Furthermore, to synthesize the results of ecological research for Congress, policymakers, and the general public, a new agency, called the United States Ecological Survey (USES) is urgently required. Also, a national commitment to environmental health, as exemplified by establishing a National Institutes of the Environment (NIE), should be a goal.

Date: February 6, 1990

Creator: Brown, J.H. (New Mexico Univ., Albuquerque, NM (United States)) & Roughgarden, J. (Stanford Univ., CA (United States))

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

NEPA/CERCLA/RCRA (National Environmental Policy Act/Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act/Resource Conservation and Recovery Act) integration

The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) requires that decisions concerning remedial actions at Superfund sites be made through a formal decisionmaking process known as Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study (RI/FS). Many of the elements of this process are similar to the steps in the process required to comply with the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). Both processes, for example, involve the identification and analysis of alternative courses of action, provide for public disclosure and participation in the processes, and are documented by Records of Decision. This document discusses the applicability of NEPA to federal facility remedial actions and the advisability of integrating the NEPA process with the CERCLA and RCRA processes. Included are points addressed by panelists and recent developments. 3 refs.

Date: January 1, 1989

Creator: Sharples, F.E. & Smith, E.D.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

Environmental Regulatory Update Table, November 1991

The Environmental Regulatory Update Table provides information on regulatory initiatives of interest to DOE operations and contractor staff with environmental management responsibilities. The table is updated each month with information from the Federal Register and other sources, including direct contact with regulatory agencies. Each table entry provides a chronological record of the rulemaking process for that initiative with an abstract and a projection of further action.

Date: December 1, 1991

Creator: Houlberg, L.M.; Hawkins, G.T. & Salk, M.S.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

Environmental Regulatory Update Table, December 1991

The Environmental Regulatory Update Table provides information on regulatory initiatives of interest to DOE operations and contractor staff with environmental management responsibilities. The table is updated each month with information from the Federal Register and other sources, including direct contact with regulatory agencies. Each table entry provides a chronological record of the rulemaking process for that initiative with an abstract and a projection of further action.

Date: January 1, 1992

Creator: Houlberg, L.M.; Hawkins, G.T. & Salk, M.S.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

Environmental Regulatory Update Table, October 1991

The Environmental Regulatory Update Table provides information on regulatory initiatives of interest to DOE operations and contractor staff with environmental management responsibilities. The table is updated each month with information from the Federal Register and other sources, including direct contact with regulatory agencies. Each table entry provides a chronological record of the rulemaking process for that initiative with an abstract and a projection of further action.

Date: November 1, 1991

Creator: Houlberg, L.M.; Hawkins, G.T. & Salk, M.S.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

International impacts of global climate change: Testimony to House Appropriations Subcommittee on Foreign Operations, Export Financing and Related Programs

International impacts of global climate change are those for which the important consequences arise because of national sovereignty. Such impacts could be of two types: (1) migrations across national borders of people, of resources (such as agricultural productivity, or surface water, or natural ecosystems), of effluents, or of patterns of commerce; and (2) changes to the way nations use and manage their resources, particularly fossil fuels and forests, as a consequence of international concern over the global climate. Actions by a few resource-dominant nations may affect the fate of all. These two types of international impacts raise complex equity issues because one nation may perceive itself as gaining at the expense of its neighbors, or it may perceive itself as a victim of the actions of others. 11 refs., 2 figs., 1 tab.

Date: February 21, 1989

Creator: Fulkerson, W.; Cushman, R.M.; Marland, G. & Rayner, S.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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