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Analysis of photographic records of coal pyrolysis. Final report

Description: Bituminous coals upon heating undergo melting and pyrolytic decomposition with significant parts of the coal forming an unstable liquid that can escape from the coal by evaporation. The transient liquid within the pyrolyzing coal causes softening or plastic behavior that can influence the chemistry and physics of the process. Bubbles of volatiles can swell the softened coal mass in turn affecting the combustion behavior of the coal particles. The swelling behavior of individual coal particles h… more
Date: October 1, 1991
Creator: Dodoo, J. N. D.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Detailed Project Plan: Design, Construction and Operation of Pilot Scale Charfuel® Process. Topical Report, Task 2

Description: In this project, a pilot-scale facility for the flash hydropyrolysis of coal will be designed, built and operated to demonstrate the integrated operation of critical components of the CHARFUEL process and to obtain scale-up data for subsequent demonstration facility for the production of a clean coal slurry fuel. This report presents project plans which includes detailed construction plan; procurement of materials and equipment; construction, test and start-up; potential problems and solutions … more
Date: September 1, 1993
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Integrated production/use of ultra low-ash coal, premium liquids and clean char. Technical report, December 1--February 28, 1993

Description: The objective of this research is to invert the conventional scale of values normally assigned to products of coal utilization processes and make special coal chars (carbons) that, because of their special properties, can be among the most marketable materials in the product slate. Reconstruction of a continuous feed charring oven of the type used at the ISGS in 1979 was completed and its operation has been tested on an Illinois No. 6 coal. Pounds of per hour can be processed with this device a… more
Date: May 1, 1993
Creator: en; Kruse, C. W.; Carlson, S. L.; Fatemi, M.; Snoeyink, V. L.; Feizoulof, C. A. et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Value-added co-products from K-M/IGT facility

Description: Objective is to develop the IGT MILDGAS (a continuous coal carbonization process for producing liquid and solid (char) coproducts at mild operating conditions up to 50 psig and 1300 F) technology for near-term commercialization. Specifically, a 24- ton/day adiabatic process development unit (PDU) is to be constructed. Status of the schedule for constructing the PDU at Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, is given.
Date: December 31, 1993
Creator: Campbell, J. A. L.; Carty, R. H. & Foster, H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Experimental studies on the group ignition of a cloud of coal particles: Volume 2, Pyrolysis and ignition modeling. Final report, August 15, 1988--October 15, 1991

Description: The primary objectives of this work are to formulate a model to simulate transient coal pyrolysis, ignition, and combustion of a cloud of coal particles and to compare results of the program with those reported in the literature elsewhere.
Date: January 1, 1992
Creator: Annamalai, K. & Ryan, W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Continuous bench-scale tests to assess METHOXYCOAL process performance. Final technical report, September 1, 1991--August 31, 1992

Description: Laboratory-scale research conducted at Southern Illinois University at Carbondale (SIUC) has shown that coal pyrolysis in the presence of CH{sub 4}/O{sub 2} in a 97:3 mole ratio (the METHOXYCOAL process) can produce high yields of liquids and valuable chemical feedstocks, particularly phenols, cresols, and xylenols (PCX). The addition of magnesia, coal ash, or clays have been shown to further enhance coal conversion to these chemicals. The goal of this two-year project was to build upon that la… more
Date: December 31, 1992
Creator: Knight, R. A. & Carty, R. H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Coal combustion: Effect of process conditions on char reactivity. Seventh quarterly technical report, March 1, 1993--June 1, 1993

Description: During the past quarter, we systematically investigated the effects of pyrolysis heating rates on the fate of single particles of Utah Blind Canyon coal. These results were compared to those we obtained previously for Illinois No. 6 coal particles. The Blind Canyon coal particles show lower devolatilization rates with its maximum rate occurring at higher temperature. Illinois No. 6 coal particles swell more during pyrolysis and alternately expand and contract as they shrink to their final size,… more
Date: November 1, 1993
Creator: Zygourakis, K.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Coal plasticity at high heating rates and temperatures. Twelfth technical progress report, first quarter: January 1, 1993--March 31, 1993

Description: The results of the multiple independent parallel reaction (MIPR) kinetics model are reported and discussed. The MIPR model`s results agree well with the data. The effects of holding temperature, heating rate, and coal type on plasticity are displayed by the model. However, the model does not address the secondary reactions forming higher molecular weight liquid hypothesized to be responsible for the initial rise in viscosity during solidification. The average standard error of estimates for the… more
Date: April 1, 1993
Creator: Gerjarusak, S.; Peters, W. A. & Howard, J. B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Investigation of the rank dependence of tar evolution. Quarterly report, 1 July 1990--30 September 1990

Description: Despite its high nitrogen concentration levels relative to the parent coal samples, 7.2% vs. 1.4 - 2.0%, little volatile nitrogen evolution is observed until decomposition temperatures of 600{degree}C or greater are obtained. Due to the lack of decomposition via tar evolution and as contrasted to parent coals, no significant bound nitrogen is evolved with heavy hydrocarbons at particle temperatures less than 600{degree}C. Similar to ``virgin`` chars and tars formed during rapid devolatilization… more
Date: December 31, 1990
Creator: Freihaut, J. D. & Proscia, W. M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Continuous bench-scale tests to assess METHOXYCOAL process performance. Technical report, September 1--November 30, 1991

Description: Laboratory-scale research conducted at Southern Illinois University at Carbondale (SIUC) has shown that coal pyrolysis in the presence of CH{sub 4} and small quantities of O{sub 2} (the METHOXYCOAL process) can produce high yields of liquids and valuable chemicals compared to conventional pyrolysis. The addition of MgO, coal ash, and clays have been shown to further enhance coal conversion. The goal of this two-year project is to build upon that laboratory research by conducting continuous benc… more
Date: December 31, 1991
Creator: Knight, R. A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Novel technique for coal pyrolysis and hydrogenation product analysis. Quarterly report, June 1, 1992

Description: This report covers the last quarter of the last year of the three-year grant period. In the final project year, we concentrated on the pyrolysis and oxidative pyrolysis of large hydrocarbons and mixtures of large and small hydrocarbons in order to develop the VUV-MS technique for compounds more representative of those in coal pyrolysis applications. Special focus was directed at the pyrolysis and oxidative pyrolysis of benzene and benzene acetylene mixtures. The acetylene/benzene mixtures were … more
Date: December 31, 1992
Creator: Pfefferle, L. D.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Structure and thermochemical kinetic studies of coal pyrolysis. Quarterly technical progress report, October 1--December 31, 1991

Description: The overall objectives of this project is an intensive effort on the application of laser to the microscopic structure and thermochemical kinetic studies of coal particles pyrolysis, char combustion and ash transformation at combustion level heat fluxes in a laser beam. Research emphasis in FY91 is placed on setup and calibration of the laser pyrolysis system, preparation and mass loss studies of Beulah lignite and subbituminous coals. The task is therefore divided into three subtasks.
Date: December 31, 1991
Creator: Dodoo, J. N. D.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Coal plasticity at high heating rates and temperatures. Eleventh technical progress report, fourth quarter, October 1, 1992--December 31, 1992

Description: The report elaborates upon our earlier discussion (Technical Progress Report No. 9) of heating rate effects on the plasticity of coals from the Argonne premium sample bank. Apparent viscosity vs. time curves are presented for five of these coals. As reported earlier, heating rate had relatively little effect (typically t 20 K) on the softening temperature of these coals. The results presented here show that as heating rate is increased from 200 to 800 K/s, the plastic period for each of these c… more
Date: December 31, 1992
Creator: Gerjarusak, S.; Peters, W. A. & Howard, J. B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Coal combustion: Effect of process conditions on char reactivity. Sixth quarterly technical report, December 1, 1992--March 1, 1993

Description: During the past quarter, we developed the image analysis procedure for obtaining the transient swelling patterns of pyrolyzing coal particles. Pyrolysis experiments were videotaped and a sequence of digital images was acquired from each experiment tape at rates of 1.5 to 6 images per second. These digital images were then processed to measure the size and shape of pyrolyzing particles as a function of pyrolysis temperature. A systematic analysis of the transient swelling patterns showed signifi… more
Date: May 1, 1993
Creator: Zygourakis, K.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Experimental studies on the group ignition of a cloud of coal particles. Volume 1, Experimental results: Final report, August 15, 1988--October 15, 1991

Description: The primary objectives of this work are to formulate a model to simulate transient coal pyrolysis, ignition, and combustion of a cloud of coal particles and to compare results of the program with those reported in the literature elsewhere. The present work is reported in the following order. An introduction to group combustion is given followed by a review of earlier works. Next, the relevance of the present work to practical application and spray combustion modeling is discussed. A group combu… more
Date: January 1, 1992
Creator: Annamalai, K.; Ruiz, M.; Vadakkath, A. & Gopalakrishnan, C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Coal combustion: Effect of process conditions on char reactivity. Tenth quarterly technical report, December 1, 1993--March 1, 1994

Description: Our efforts during the past quarter focused on quantifying the effects of pyrolysis conditions on the macropore structure of Illinois No. 6 chars. Using the image analysis technique developed in our laboratory, we analyzed the macropore structure of char samples produced at three different heating rates (0.1, 1 and 10{degrees}C/s), two different final heat treatment temperatures (500 and 700{degrees}C) and two different atmospheres (inert with pure N{sub 2} and reactive with 5% O{sub 2} in N{su… more
Date: July 1, 1994
Creator: Zygourakis, K.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Development of an advanced, continuous mild gasification process for the production of co-products. Quarterly report, January 2, 1992--March 31, 1992

Description: Seventeen continuous coke tests were completed. Efforts to produce coke from lower rank non-coking coal resulted in a coke with 1/3 less crush strength. This lower quality coke made from cheaper coal may have value as a partial charge in a blast furnace. A coke strength increase of 80% was obtained by curing the coke at 850{degrees}F for one hour prior to the normal cure of 1 {1/2} hours at 1832{degrees}F. Sixteen CMGU test runs were made using 13 different coals. A test run of 12 hours without… more
Date: December 31, 1992
Creator: O`Neal, G. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Coal plasticity at high heating rates and temperatures. Second technical progress report for the third quarter 1990

Description: The rapid-heating, fast response plastometer has been reassembled and restored to its working condition. The plastometer was calibrated with various viscosity standards. The ratio of the observed viscosity to the actual viscosity was found to range from 1.2 to 2.8. The higher observed viscosity values were attributed to friction and misalignment of the shearing disk. In addition, the viscosity readings varied from one run to another because the distance between the moving disk and the stationar… more
Date: December 1, 1990
Creator: Gerjarusak, Sarakorn; Peters, William A & Howard, Jack B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Development of an advanced, continuous mild gasification process for the production of co-products

Description: The objective of this project is to develop a continuous mild gasification process to convert highly caking coals to coal liquids, char and coke for near term commercial application. Coal liquids after fractionation can be blended with petroleum and used interchangeably with conventional fuels without modifications in gasoline and diesel engines. Char can be used as a carbon source in the production of ferroalloys and in mini-mills. Coke can be produced by upgrading char through briquetting and… more
Date: December 31, 1993
Creator: Wright, R. E.; Wolfe, R. A.; Im, C. J.; Henkelman, M. R.; O`Neal, G. W. & McKinney, D. A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Development of an advanced, continuous mild gasification process for the production of co-products. Quarterly report, April 1, 1992--June 30, 1992

Description: Seventeen continuous coke tests were completed. Efforts to produce coke from lower rank non-coking coal resulted in a coke with 1/3 less crush strength. This lower quality coke made from cheaper coal may have value as a partial charge in a blast furnace. A coke strength increase of 80% was obtained by curing the coke at 850{degrees}F for one hour prior to the normal cure of 1 {1/2} hours at 1832{degrees}F. Sixteen CMGU test runs were made using 13 different coals. A test run of 12 hours without… more
Date: December 31, 1992
Creator: O`Neal, G. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Pyrolysis and gasification of coal at high temperatures. Final technical report, September 15, 1987--September 14, 1991

Description: The macropore structure of chars is a major factor in determining their reactivity during the gasification stage. The major objectives of this contract were to (a) quantify by direct measurements the effect of pyrolysis conditions of the macropore structure, and (b) establish how the macropores affected the reactivity pattern, the ignition behavior and the fragmentation of the char particles during gasification in the regime of strong diffusional limitations. Results from this project provide m… more
Date: February 10, 1992
Creator: Zygourakis, K.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Integrated production/use of ultra low-ash coal, premium liquids and clean char. [Quarterly] technical report, March 1, 1993--May 31, 1993

Description: Tests this quarter showed the adsorption efficiency of an oxidized activated ChemCoal{trademark} (OACC) char for removing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from spiked water is higher than for unoxidized activated char (ACC). OACC destroyed (or reacted with) a higher percentage of VOCs when loaded char was heated quickly to 850{degrees}C. This was expected based on the OACC`s superiority as an elimination catalyst. Aromatic VOCs appeared to be adsorbed on the chars more readily than the chlorin… more
Date: September 1, 1993
Creator: Kruse, C. W.; Carlson, S. L.; Fatemi, M.; Snoeyink, V. L.; Feizoulof, C. A. & Klavetter, E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Fundamental Studies of Coal Liquefaction. Quarterly Report No. 9, October 1, 1993--January 1, 1994

Description: The results obtained over the past period include studies in our cell with Wyodak coal, and argon, water, n-undecane, and tetralin as media. The argon work was conducted at 7 atm and the others at 200 atm, and the results are shown in Figure 1. As we saw with Illinois No. 6 coal, in argon the particles began to swell at around 300{degree}C, and develop a fluid-like appearance. As just noted, the phenomenon appears to be the development of a tar, which is slowly expelled from the particles with … more
Date: January 11, 1994
Creator: Ross, David S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Reactivity of young chars via energetic distribution measurements. Quarterly technical progress report, 15 September 1991--15 December 1991

Description: The temperature programmed desorption (TPD) has become a standard technique for investigating the physico-chemical state of adsorbed species on surfaces. In this reporting period, a new TPD-MS/TGA (mass spectrometry/thermal gravimetric analysis) system has been designed, and all the necessary components have been acquired. This new system is built around a new Cahn D-200 digital recording microbalance, which was recently purchased for this purpose. The TPD reactor essentially becomes the ``hang… more
Date: December 31, 1991
Creator: Calo, J. M.; Zhang, L. H. & Lilly, W. D.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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