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10 MMBt/Hr AFBC Commercial Demonstration Cedar Lane Farms

Description: The objective of this project was to demonstrate and promote the commercialization of coal-fired atmospheric fluidized bed combustion (AFBC) systems, with limestone addition for SO2 emissions control and a baghouse for particulate emissions control. This AFBC system was targeted for small scale industrial-commercial-institutional space and process heat applications in the 4-40 MMBtu/hr size range. A cost effective and environmentally acceptable AFBC technology in this size range could displace a considerable amount of heating gas and oil with coal, while resulting in significant total cost savings to the owner/operators.
Date: October 31, 2005
Creator: Keener, Harold M.; Wicks, Mary H.; Machamer, Tom; Hoecke, Dave; Bonk, Don & Brown, Bob
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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12-INCH SODIUM FLOW CONTROLLER. Technical Manual 20357

Description: A manual is presented for the Sodium Flow Controller used in controlling flow to regulate heat transfer in a liquid metal nuclear power plant. A description of the controller, general installation and operational pointers, installation instructions, instructions for dismantling of the Sodium Flow Controller, instructions for assembly of Sodium Flow Controller, list of special tools and fixtures, and repair parts list are given. (M.C.G.)
Date: October 31, 1962
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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16,000-rpm Interior Permanent Magnet Reluctance Machine with Brushless Field Excitation

Description: The reluctance interior permanent magnet (RIPM) motor is currently used by many leading auto manufacturers for hybrid vehicles. The power density for this type of motor is high compared with that of induction motors and switched reluctance motors. The primary drawback of the RIPM motor is the permanent magnet (PM) because during high-speed operation, the fixed PM produces a huge back electromotive force (emf) that must be reduced before the current will pass through the stator windings. This reduction in back-emf is accomplished with a significant direct-axis (d-axis) demagnetization current, which opposes the PM's flux to reduce the flux seen by the stator wires. This may lower the power factor and efficiency of the motor and raise the requirement on the alternate current (ac) power supply; consequently, bigger inverter switching components, thicker motor winding conductors, and heavier cables are required. The direct current (dc) link capacitor is also affected when it must accommodate heavier harmonic currents. It is commonly agreed that, for synchronous machines, the power factor can be optimized by varying the field excitation to minimize the current. The field produced by the PM is fixed and cannot be adjusted. What can be adjusted is reactive current to the d-axis of the stator winding, which consumes reactive power but does not always help to improve the power factor. The objective of this project is to avoid the primary drawbacks of the RIPM motor by introducing brushless field excitation (BFE). This offers both high torque per ampere (A) per core length at low speed by using flux, which is enhanced by increasing current to a fixed excitation coil, and flux, which is weakened at high speed by reducing current to the excitation coil. If field weakening is used, the dc/dc boost converter used in a conventional RIPM motor may be …
Date: October 31, 2007
Creator: Hsu, J. S.; Burress, T. A.; Lee, S. T.; Wiles, R. H.; Coomer, C. L.; McKeever, J.W. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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40-MW(e) Prototype High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor Research and Development Program. Quarterly Progress Report for the Period Ending June 30, 1962

Description: Research and development progress specifically directed toward the construction of a 40-Mw(e) prototype power plant employing a high-temperature, gas-cooled, graphitemoderated reactor known as the HTGR is reported. Irradiation of element III-B in the in-pile loop continued satisfactorily. The element has generated a total of l36.3 Mw-hr of fission heat. The gross activity in the purge stream increased slightly to about 350 mu C/cm/sup 3/. By taking larger gas samples than were previously taken, a value of 0.02 VC/cm/sup 3/ was obtained for the gross activity of the primary loop. Element III-A, which was removed from the loop after generating 133 Mw-hr of fission heat, was disassembled and examined. No fuel-compact damage of any type was visible. Determination of the distribution of fission products in the element is under way, Fissionproduct- release data for in-pile-loop element III-A were calculated. During the 133 Mw- hr of operation, the release fraction increased by approximately one order of magnitude. Also calculated were the xenon and krypton release data for the first 100 Mw-hr of III-B operation. The release rate for the longer-lived isotopes increased bv about a factor of 10 and that of the shorter-lived isotopes by about a factor of 100. A test was run in which the in-pileloop purge flow, was stopped. The primariy-loop activity level rose sharply during the first hour, increased at a slower rate for the next 11 hr, and then appeared to level off. When purge flow was resumed, the gross activity in the primary loop was cleaned up with a half life of about 2.2 hr. An attempt was made to identify Cs/sup 137/ and Ba/ sup 140/ plateout in portions of the in-pile loop. A very small amount of cesium (less than a monolayer) was found, but no barium could be detected. The validity of two …
Date: October 31, 1963
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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100 LPW 800 Lm Warm White LED

Description: An illumination grade warm white (WW) LED, having correlated color temperature (CCT) between 2800 K and 3500K and capable of producing 800 lm output at 100 lm/W, has been developed in this program. The high power WW LED is an ideal source for use as replacement for incandescent, and Halogen reflector and general purpose lamps of similar lumen value. Over the two year period, we have made following accomplishments: developed a high power warm white LED product and made over 50% improvements in light output and efficacy. The new high power WW LED product is a die on ceramic surface mountable LED package. It has four 1x1 mm{sup 2} InGaN pump dice flip chip attached to a ceramic submount in 2x2 array, covered by warm white phosphor ceramic platelets called Lumiramic™ and an overmolded silicone lens encapsulating the LED array. The performance goal was achieved through breakthroughs in following key areas: (1) High efficiency pump LED development through pump LED active region design and epi growth quality improvement (funded by internal programs). (2) Increase in injection efficiency (IE) represented by reduction in forward voltage (V{sub f}) through the improvement of the silver-based p-contact and a reduction in spreading resistance. The injection efficiency was increased from 80% at the start of the program to 96% at the end of the program at 700 mA/mm{sup 2}. (3) Improvement in thermal design as represented by reduction in thermal resistance from junction to case, through improvement of the die to submount connection in the thin film flip chip (TFFC) LED and choosing the submount material of high thermal conductivity. A thermal resistance of 1.72 K/W was demonstrated for the high power LED package. (4) Improvement in extraction efficiency from the LED package through improvement of InGaN die level and package level optical extraction efficiency …
Date: October 31, 2010
Creator: Sun, Decai
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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1961 Salmon Survey

Description: Explanation of research methods and data collected during a salmon survey at the Project Chariot site near Seattle, Washington.
Date: October 31, 1965
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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2000 Census: Complete Costs of Coverage Evaluation Programs Are Not Available

Description: A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "To assess the quality of the population data collected in the 2000 Census, the U.S. Census Bureau conducted the Accuracy and Coverage Evaluation (A.C.E.) program, which focused on a survey of housing units designed to estimate the number of people missed, counted more than once, or otherwise improperly counted in the census. GAO reviewed the life cycle costs of the A.C.E. program and its predecessor, the Integrated Coverage Measurement (ICM) program. GAO found that the original estimated cycle costs of conducting the ICM/A.C.E. programs were $400 million. The first evidence for the original $400 million estimate is in the original budget justifications for fiscal year 2000. The bureau based its estimates of ICM/A.C.E. costs on assumptions about the needs for personnel and benefits, contractual services, travel, office space, equipment, and other costs necessary to conduct and support operations of the programs. The budgeted amounts that GAO identified from bureau records for conducting the ICM/A.C.E. programs are $277 million through fiscal year 2003. The obligated costs that GAO identified from bureau records for conducting the ICM/A.C.E. programs are $207 million through fiscal year 2001. $58 million of budgeted funds for the ICM/A.C.E. programs that GAO identified from bureau records were not obligated through fiscal year 2001. The ICM/A.C.E. program-related costs that GAO identified from bureau records for the 1998 dress rehearsal were $11 million budgeted and $9 million obligated."
Date: October 31, 2002
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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2000 Census: Lessons Learned for Planning a More Cost-Effective 2010 Census

Description: A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "GAO reviewed the funding of 2000 Census planning and development efforts and the impact it had on census operations. Total funding for the 2000 Census, referred to as the life cycle cost, covers a 13-year period from fiscal year 1991 through fiscal year 2003 and is expected to total $6.5 billion adjusted to 2000 year dollars. This amount was almost double the reported life cycle cost of the 1990 Census of $3.3 billion adjusted to 2000 year dollars. Considering these escalating costs, the experience of the U.S. Census Bureau in preparing for the 2000 Census offers valuable insights for the planning and development efforts now occurring for the 2010 Census. Thorough and comprehensive planning and development efforts are crucial to the ultimate efficiency and success of any large, long-term project, particularly one with the scope, magnitude, and the deadlines of the U.S. decennial census. For fiscal years 1991 through 1997, $269 million was requested in the President's Budgets for 2000 Census planning and development and the program received funding of $224 million by Congress, or 83 percent of the amount requested. According to U.S. Census Bureau records, the bulk of the $86 million in funding received through the end of fiscal year 1995 was obligated for program development and evaluation methodologies, testing and dress rehearsals, and planning for the acquisition of automated data processing and telecommunications support. The U.S. Census Bureau was responsible for carrying out its mission within the budget provided and bureau management determined the specific areas in which available resources were invested. GAO could not determine what effect, if any, that higher funding levels might have had on bureau operations as this is dependent upon actual implementation and the results of management decisions …
Date: October 31, 2002
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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2007 Annual Report Summer Research Institute Interfacial and Condensed Phase Chemical Physics

Description: The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) hosted its fourth annual Summer Research Institute in Interfacial and Condensed Phase Chemical Physics from April through September 2007. During this time, 21 PNNL scientists hosted 23 participants from 20 different universities. Of the 23 participants, 20 were graduate students, 1 was a postdoctoral fellow, and 2 were university faculty members. This report covers the essense of the program and the research the participants performed.
Date: October 31, 2007
Creator: Beck, Kenneth M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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3rd Quarterly Technical Progress Report for Geothermal System Temperature-Depth Database

Description: At the Southern Methodist University Geothermal Laboratory in Dallas, Texas, the Earth`s surface and internal temperature are studied. With financial support from the U.S. Department of Energy, a data base containing geothermal temperature well information for the United States is being developed. During this calendar quarter, activity with this project has continued involving several different tasks: planning and development of the geothermal system thermal-well data base and temperature-depth data, and development of a World Wide Web home page.
Date: October 31, 1997
Creator: Blackwell, D.D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Abiotic Degradation Rates for Carbon Tetrachloride: and Chloroform: Progress in FY 2008

Description: This is a letter report summarizing work performed in FY2008 to determine the rates of carbon tetrachloride hydrolysis at temperatures close to actual groundwater temperatures. The report describes the project, the methodology, and the results obtained since the project's inception in FY2006. Measurements of hydrolysis rates in homogeneous solution have been completed for temperaturs of 70 C through 40 C, with additional data available at 30 C and 20 C. These results show no difference between the rates in deionized H2O and in filter-sterilized Hanford-Site groundwater. Moreover, the rates measured are 2-3 times slower than predicted from the open literature. Measurements of rates involving sterile suspensions of Hanford-Site sediment in Hanford-Site groundwater, however, show faster hydrolysis at temperatures below 40 C. Extrapolation of the current data available suggests a six-fold increase in rate would be expected at groundwater temperature of 16 C due to the presence of the sediment. This result translates into a 78-year half-life, rather than the 470-680 year half-life that would be predicted from rate determinations in homogeneous solution. The hydrolysis rate data at 20 C, in contrast to those at higher temperatures, are preliminary and have low statistical power. While significant (p < 0.05) differences between the heterogeneous and homogeneous systems are seen at 30 C, the results at 20 C are not statistically significant at this level due to limited data and the very slow nature of the reaction. More time is needed to collect data at these low temperatures to improve the statistical power of our observation. Given the critical need for hydrolysis rate data at temperatures relevant to groundwater systems, we have three recommendations for future work. First, we recommend a continuation of the sampling and analysis of the remaining long-term sealed-ampule experiments described in this report. These are primarily 20 C and …
Date: October 31, 2008
Creator: Amonette, James E.; Jeffers, Peter M.; Qafoku, Odeta; Russell, Colleen K.; Wietsma, Thomas W. & Truex, Michael J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Absorption Spectra of Aromatic Disulfides

Description: The effect of solvents and temperature on the optical absorption spectrum of a number of substituted aromatic disulfides is reported. The problems offered by the disulfide link and the exchange reactions between disulfides, and between disulfides and thiols, are receiving increasing attention. Recently the base-catalyzed exchange between various alkyl disulfides and the corresponding thiols was studied by means of a radioactive-tracer technique. Our initial purpose was to extend these investigations to a large number of compounds in a variety of experimental conditions using a spectrophotometric technique that, if applicable, would have been incomparably faster.
Date: October 31, 1956
Creator: Fava, Antonio & Calvin, Melvin
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Acceptable TRU packaging for interim storage and/or terminal isolation

Description: The major objective of ERDA Manual Chapter 0511 is responsible technical management of its radioactive wastes. To ensure long term technical management, this DOE responsibility initially begins with the generation of radioactive wastes in all DOE operations and includes all other attributes and parameters (waste processing, packaging, shipping and storage) over the lifetime of the radionuclides. Close examination of the entire waste management cycle clearly indicates that one of the most important constituents which minimizes the risk to man and his environment is an effective and totally acceptable waste package containment system. The retrievable storage site for defense transuranic waste at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory has been accepting waste since November, 1970. Current DWPR planning calls for continuing use of the retrievable storage pad through FY-1987 with the WIPP facility attaining full operational status in FY-1988. In the FY-1976, 76A period over 107,000 ft of transuranic wastes were stored retrievably at INEL. This volume represents approximately 4000 drums of the 7.3 ft{sup 3} (55 gal.) size and 700 4 x 4 x 8` FRP coated plywood boxes on an annualized basis. At this waste generation rate, a rate which is probably conservative based upon known decontamination and decommissioning projects at Mound, Rocky Flats, LASL, Atomics International, LBL, and ORNL which will substantially increase TRU volumes before the WIPP becomes operational a total of approximately 32,000 drums and 5600 boxes will be added to storage at INEL. Based upon the difficult decisions presently being faced with respect to the acceptability to WIPP of the waste already in storage at INEL, it is imperative not to increase this scope of the problem by continuing to use waste containers which may well not be acceptable to the terminal isolation facility.
Date: October 31, 1977
Creator: Kokenge, B.R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Accidental Radiogold (198Au) Liver Scan Overdose With Fatal Outcome

Description: This report addresses the use of radioisotopes for scanning, which has added significantly to the clinician's ability to detect and interpret disease manifestations.
Date: October 31, 1969
Creator: Baron, J.M.; Yachnin, S.; Polcyn, R.; Fitch, F.W. & Sturner, W.G.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Acoustic Detecting and Locating Gas Pipe Line Infringement Quarterly Report: Number 9

Description: The extensive network of high-pressure natural gas transmission pipelines covering the United States provides an important infrastructure for our energy independence. Early detection of pipeline leaks and infringements by construction equipment, resulting in corrosion fractures, presents an important aspect of our national security policy. The National Energy Technology Laboratory Strategic Center for Natural Gas (SCVG) is and has been funding research on various applicable techniques. The WVU research team has focused on monitoring pipeline background acoustic signals generated and transmitted by gas flowing through the gas inside the pipeline. In case of a pipeline infringement, any mechanical impact on the pipe wall, or escape of high-pressure gas, generates acoustic signals traveling both up and down stream through the gas. Sudden changes in flow noise are detectable with a Portable Acoustic Monitoring Package (PAMP), developed under this contract. It incorporates a pressure compensating microphone and a signal- recording device. Direct access to the gas inside the line is obtained by mounting such a PAMP, with a 1/2 inch NPT connection, to a pipeline pressure port found near most shut-off valves. An FFT of the recorded signal subtracted by that of the background noise recorded one-second earlier appears to sufficiently isolate the infringement signal to allow source interpretation. Using cell phones for data downloading might allow a network of such 1000-psi rated PAMP's to acoustically monitor a pipeline system and be trained by neural network software to positively identify and locate any pipeline infringement.
Date: October 31, 2004
Creator: Loth, John L.; Morris, Gary J.; Palmer, George M.; Guiler, Richard & Browning, Patrick
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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