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Evaluation of Alternatives to the Ontario Hydro Method as a Reference Method for CAMR

Description: In June 2005, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) finalized the Clean Air Mercury Rule (CAMR). As part of the rule, all coal-fired power plants will be required to do continuous mercury measurements. To complete the required relative accuracy test assessment (RATA), the only reference methods allowed are the wet-chemistry methods: the Ontario Hydro (OH) mercury speciation method (ASTM International D6784-02) and EPA Method 29. Either method will be a challenge and expensive. It would… more
Date: March 31, 2007
Creator: Laudal, Dennis L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Advanced Gasification Mercury/Trace Metal Control with Monolith Traps

Description: Three potential additives for controlling mercury emissions from syngas at temperatures ranging from 350 to 500 F (177 to 260 C) were developed. Current efforts are being directed at increasing the effective working temperature for these sorbents and also being able to either eliminate any potential mercury desorption or trying to engineer a trace metal removal system that can utilize the observed desorption process to repeatedly regenerate the same sorbent monolith for extended use. Project re… more
Date: February 1, 2007
Creator: Swanson, Michael L.; Dunham, Grant E. & Musich, Mark A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

JV Task 86 - Identifying the Source of Benzene in Indoor Air Using Different Compound Classes from TO-15 Data

Description: Volatile organic compound (VOC) data that had already been collected using EPA method TO-15 at four different sites under regulatory scrutiny (a school, strip mall, apartment complex, and business/residential neighborhood) were evaluated to determine whether the source of indoor air benzene was outdoor air or vapor intrusion from contaminated soil. Both the use of tracer organics characteristic of different sources and principal component statistical analysis demonstrated that the source of ind… more
Date: April 15, 2007
Creator: Hawthorne, Steven B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Subtask 1.17 - Measurement of Hydrocarbon Evolution from Coal and Petroleum Reservoirs Under Carbon Dioxide Floods

Description: The project developed, built, and tested three apparatuses for studying different interactions of carbon dioxide with geologic materials. In Year 1, an online instrument was constructed by coupling a high-pressure carbon dioxide extraction system with a flame ionization detector that can yield a real-time profile and quantitative measurements of hydrocarbons removed from materials such as coal and petroleum reservoir rock. In Years 2 and 3, one instrument was built to measure the excess sorptio… more
Date: December 31, 2006
Creator: Hawthorne, Steven B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Subtask 1.18 - A Decision Tool for Watershed-Based Effluent Trading

Description: Handling produced water in an economical and environmentally sound manner is vital to coalbed methane (CBM) development, which is expected to increase up to 60% in the next 10-15 years as the demand for natural gas increases. Current produced water-handling methods (e.g., shallow reinjection and infiltration impoundments) are too costly when implemented on a well-by-well basis. A watershed-based effluent credit trading approach may be a means of managing produced water at reduced cost while mee… more
Date: November 30, 2006
Creator: Wang, Xixi; Kurz, Bethany A. & Kurz, Marc D.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

JV Task-130 Technological Synergies for Recovery of Organic Pollutants from a Coal Seam at Garrison, North Dakota

Description: The Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC) initiated remediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soils and groundwater associated with gasoline release at the Farmers Union Oil station in Garrison, North Dakota. The remedial strategy implemented is based on application of two innovative concepts: (1) simultaneous operation of soil vapor and multiphase extraction systems allowing for water table control in challenging geotechnical conditions and (2) controlled hot-air circulation between inje… more
Date: March 15, 2009
Creator: Solc, Jaroslav
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Mercury Oxidation via Catalytic Barrier Filters Phase II

Description: In 2004, the Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory awarded the University of North Dakota a Phase II University Coal Research grant to explore the feasibility of using barrier filters coated with a catalyst to oxidize elemental mercury in coal combustion flue gas streams. Oxidized mercury is substantially easier to remove than elemental mercury. If successful, this technique has the potential to substantially reduce mercury control costs for those installations that already… more
Date: September 30, 2007
Creator: Seames, Wayne; Mann, Michael; Muggli, Darrin; Hrdlicka, Jason & Horabik, Carol
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Water Extraction from Coal-Fired Power Plant Flue Gas

Description: The overall objective of this program was to develop a liquid disiccant-based flue gas dehydration process technology to reduce water consumption in coal-fired power plants. The specific objective of the program was to generate sufficient subscale test data and conceptual commercial power plant evaluations to assess process feasibility and merits for commercialization. Currently, coal-fired power plants require access to water sources outside the power plant for several aspects of their operati… more
Date: June 30, 2006
Creator: Folkedahl, Bruce C.; Weber, Greg F. & Collings, Michael E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Mercury Emission Control Technologies for PPL Montana-Colstrip Testing

Description: The Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC) was asked by PPL Montana LLC (PPL) to provide assistance and develop an approach to identify cost-effective options for mercury control at its coal-fired power plants. The work conducted focused on baseline mercury level and speciation measurement, short-term parametric testing, and week long testing of mercury control technology at Colstrip Unit 3. Three techniques and various combinations of these techniques were identified as viable options f… more
Date: April 1, 2007
Creator: Kay, John P.; Jones, Michael L. & Benson, Steven A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Carbon Dioxide Sequestering Using Microalgal Systems

Description: This project evaluated key design criteria, the technical feasibility, and the preliminary economic viability of a CO{sub 2}-sequestering system integrated with a coal-fired power plant based on microalgae biofixation. A review of relevant literature was conducted, and a bench-scale algal-based sequestration system was constructed and operated to verify algal growth capabilities using a simulated flue gas stream. The bench-scale system was a 20-gallon glass aquarium with a 16-gallon operating v… more
Date: February 1, 2002
Creator: Stepan, Daniel J.; Shockey, Richard E.; Moe, Thomas A. & Dorn, Ryan
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Development of a National Center for Hydrogen Technology

Description: In November 2005, the Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC), ePowerSynergies, Inc. (ePSI), and Resurfice Corporation teamed to develop, produce, and demonstrate the world's first and only fuel cell-powered ice resurfacer. The goals of this project were: {sm_bullet} To educate the public on the readiness, practicality, and safety of fuel cells powered by hydrogen fuel and {sm_bullet} To establish a commercialization pathway in an early-adopter, niche market. The vehicle was developed and… more
Date: March 1, 2007
Creator: Almlie, Jay C.; Wood, Bruce & Schlupp, Rich
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Large-Scale Mercury Control Technology Testing for Lignite-Fired Utilities - Oxidation Systems for Wet FGD

Description: Mercury (Hg) control technologies were evaluated at Minnkota Power Cooperative's Milton R. Young (MRY) Station Unit 2, a 450-MW lignite-fired cyclone unit near Center, North Dakota, and TXU Energy's Monticello Steam Electric Station (MoSES) Unit 3, a 793-MW lignite--Powder River Basin (PRB) subbituminous coal-fired unit near Mt. Pleasant, Texas. A cold-side electrostatic precipitator (ESP) and wet flue gas desulfurization (FGD) scrubber are used at MRY and MoSES for controlling particulate and … more
Date: March 31, 2007
Creator: Benson, Steven A.; Holmes, Michael J.; McCollor, Donald P.; Mackenzie, Jill M.; Crocker, Charlene R.; Kong, Lingbu et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Field Testing of Activated Carbon Injection Options for Mercury Control at TXU's Big Brown Station

Description: The primary objective of the project was to evaluate the long-term feasibility of using activated carbon injection (ACI) options to effectively reduce mercury emissions from Texas electric generation plants in which a blend of lignite and subbituminous coal is fired. Field testing of ACI options was performed on one-quarter of Unit 2 at TXU's Big Brown Steam Electric Station. Unit 2 has a design output of 600 MW and burns a blend of 70% Texas Gulf Coast lignite and 30% subbituminous Powder Rive… more
Date: January 7, 2009
Creator: Pavlish, John; Thompson, Jeffrey; Martin, Christopher; Musich, Mark & Hamre, Lucinda
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

JV Task 106 - Feasibility of CO2 Capture Technologies for Existing North Dakota Lignite-Fired Pulverized Coal Boilers

Description: The goal of this project is to provide a technical review and evaluation of various carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}) capture technologies, with a focus on the applicability to lignite-fired facilities within North Dakota. The motivation for the project came from the Lignite Energy Council's (LEC's) need to identify the feasibility of CO{sub 2} capture technologies for existing North Dakota lignite-fired, pulverized coal (pc) power plants. A literature review was completed to determine the commerciall… more
Date: May 1, 2007
Creator: Jones, Michael L.; Pavlish, Brandon M. & Jensen, Melanie D.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Subtask 2.2 - Creating A Numerical Technique for Microseismic Data Inversion

Description: Geomechanical and geophysical monitoring are the techniques which can complement each other and provide enhancement in the solutions of many problems of geotechnical engineering. One of the most promising geophysical techniques is passive seismic monitoring. The essence of the technique is recording the acoustic signals produced in the subsurface, either naturally or in response to human activity. The acoustic signals are produced by mechanical displacements on the contacts of structural elemen… more
Date: May 1, 2009
Creator: Dobroskok, Anastasia; Holubnyak, Yevhen & Sorensen, James
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Subtask 5.3 - Water and Energy Sustainability and Technology

Description: The overall goal of this Energy & Environmental Research Center project was to evaluate water capture technologies in a carbon capture and sequestration system and perform a complete systems analysis of the process to determine potential water minimization opportunities within the entire system. To achieve that goal, a pilot-scale liquid desiccant dehumidification system (LDDS) was fabricated and tested in conjunction with a coal-fired combustion test furnace outfitted with CO{sub 2} mitigation… more
Date: September 30, 2010
Creator: Folkedahl, Bruce; Martin, Christopher & Dunham, David
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Extended Operations of the Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne Pilot-Scale Compact Reformer Year 6 - Activity 3.2 - Development of a National Center for Hydrogen Technology

Description: U.S. and global demand for hydrogen is large and growing for use in the production of chemicals, materials, foods, pharmaceuticals, and fuels (including some low-carbon biofuels). Conventional hydrogen production technologies are expensive, have sizeable space requirements, and are large carbon dioxide emitters. A novel sorbent-based hydrogen production technology is being developed and advanced toward field demonstration that promises smaller size, greater efficiency, lower costs, and reduced … more
Date: October 1, 2011
Creator: Almlie, Jay
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Transport Reactor Development Unit Modification to Provide a Syngas Slipstream at Elevated Conditions to Enable Separation of 100 LB/D of Hydrogen by Hydrogen Separation Membranes Year - 6 Activity 1.15 - Development of a National Center for Hydrogen Technology

Description: Gasification of coal when associated with carbon dioxide capture and sequestration has the potential to provide low-cost as well as low-carbon hydrogen for electric power, fuels or chemicals production. The key element to the success of this concept is inexpensive, effective separation of hydrogen from carbon dioxide in synthesis gas. Many studies indicate that membrane technology is one of the most, if not the most, economical means of accomplishing separation; however, the advancement of hydr… more
Date: March 1, 2012
Creator: Schlasner, Steven
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Subtask 3.4 - Fischer - Tropsch Fuels Development

Description: Under Subtask 3.4, the Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC) examined the opportunities and challenges facing Fischer–Tropsch (FT) technology in the United States today. Work was completed in two distinct budget periods (BPs). In BP1, the EERC examined the technical feasibility of using modern warm-gas cleanup techniques for FT synthesis. FT synthesis is typically done using more expensive and complex cold-gas sweetening. Warm-gas cleanup could greatly reduce capital and operating cos… more
Date: May 1, 2012
Creator: Strege, Joshua; Snyder, Anthony; Laumb, Jason; Stanislowski, Joshua & Swanson, Michael
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Fluid-Bed Testing of Greatpoint Energy's Direct Oxygen Injection Catalytic Gasification Process for Synthetic Natural Gas and Hydrogen Coproduction Year 6 - Activity 1.14 - Development of a National Center for Hydrogen Technology

Description: The GreatPoint Energy (GPE) concept for producing synthetic natural gas and hydrogen from coal involves the catalytic gasification of coal and carbon. GPE’s technology “refines” coal by employing a novel catalyst to “crack” the carbon bonds and transform the coal into cleanburning methane (natural gas) and hydrogen. The GPE mild “catalytic” gasifier design and operating conditions result in reactor components that are less expensive and produce pipeline-grade methane and relatively high purity … more
Date: April 1, 2012
Creator: Swanson, Michael & Henderson, Ann
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

LONG-TERM DEMONSTRATION OF SORBENT ENHANCEMENT ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGY FOR MERCURY CONTROL

Description: Long-term demonstration tests of advanced sorbent enhancement additive (SEA) technologies have been completed at five coal-fired power plants. The targeted removal rate was 90% from baseline conditions at all five stations. The plants included Hawthorn Unit 5, Mill Creek Unit 4, San Miguel Unit 1, Centralia Unit 2, and Hoot Lake Unit 2. The materials tested included powdered activated carbon, treated carbon, scrubber additives, and SEAs. In only one case (San Miguel) was >90% removal not attain… more
Date: May 27, 2011
Creator: Laumb, Jason D.; Laudal, Dennis L.; Dunham, Grant E.; Kay, John P.; Martin, Christopher L.; Thompson, Jeffrey S. et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Material Testing of Coated Alloys in a Syngas Combustion Environment Year 6 - Activity 1.13 - Development of a National Center for Hydrogen Technology

Description: Modifications were made to the inlet of the existing Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC) thermal oxidizer to accommodate side-by-side coupon holders for exposure testing. Two 5-day tests with over 200 hours of total exposure time were completed. The first week of testing was conducted in enriched air-blown mode, with coupon temperatures ranging from 128° to 272°F. Carbonyl sampling was conducted, but it was discovered after the fact that the methodology used was producing very low rec… more
Date: September 1, 2011
Creator: Swanson, Michael
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Coal Ash Behavior in Reducing Environments (CABRE) III Year 6 - Activity 1.10 - Development of a National Center for Hydrogen

Description: The Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC) has been conducting research on gasification for six decades. One of the objectives of this gasification research has been to maximize carbon conversion and the water–gas shift process for optimal hydrogen production and syngas quality. This research focus and experience were a perfect fit for the National Center for Hydrogen Technology ® (NCHT®) Program at the EERC for improving all aspects of coal gasification, which ultimately aids in the pro… more
Date: March 31, 2012
Creator: Stanislowski, Joshua; Azenkeng, Alexander; McCollor, Donald; Galbreath, Kevin; Jensen, Robert & Lahr, Brent
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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