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Progress in Short Period Multilayer Coatings for Water Window Applications

Description: Absolute photoionization cross-section measurements for amixture of ground and metastable states of Xe4+, Xe5+, and Xe6+ arereported in the photon energy range of 4d-nf transitions, which occurwithin or adjacent to the 13.5 nm window for extreme ultravioletlithography light source development. The reported values allow thequantification of opacity effects in xenon plasmas due to these 4d-4fautoionizing states. The oscillator strengths for the 4d-4f and 4d-5ftransitions in Xeq+ (q=1-6) ions are … more
Date: May 20, 2006
Creator: Gullikson, E. M.; Salmassi, F.; Aquila, A. L. & Dollar, F.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Modeling Water Management in Polymer-Electrolyte Fuel Cells

Description: Fuel cells may become the energy-delivery devices of the 21st century with realization of a carbon-neutral energy economy. Although there are many types of fuel cells, polymerelectrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) are receiving the most attention for automotive and small stationary applications. In a PEFC, hydrogen and oxygen are combined electrochemically to produce water, electricity, and waste heat. During the operation of a PEFC, many interrelated and complex phenomena occur. These processes includ… more
Date: September 7, 2007
Creator: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley; Weber, Adam; Weber, Adam Z.; Balliet, Ryan; Gunterman, Haluna P. & Newman, John
Item Type: Refine your search to only Book
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Carbon Trading Protocols for Geologic Sequestration

Description: Carbon capture and storage (CCS) could become an instrumental part of a future carbon trading system in the US. If the US starts operating an emissions trading scheme (ETS) similar to that of the European Union's then limits on CO{sub 2} emissions will be conservative in the beginning stages. The government will most likely start by distributing most credits for free; these free credits are called allowances. The US may follow the model of the EU ETS, which during the first five-year phase dist… more
Date: August 7, 2008
Creator: Hoversten, Shanna
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Rosetta Resources CO2 Storage Project - A WESTCARB Geologic Pilot Test

Description: WESTCARB, one of seven U.S. Department of Energypartnerships, identified (during its Phase I study) over 600 gigatonnesof CO2 storage capacity in geologic formations located in the Westernregion. The Western region includes the WESTCARB partnership states ofAlaska, Arizona, California, Nevada, Oregon and Washington and theCanadian province of British Columbia. The WESTCARB Phase II study iscurrently under way, featuring three geologic and two terrestrial CO2pilot projects designed to test promi… more
Date: January 30, 2006
Creator: Trautz, Robert; Benson, Sally; Myer, Larry; Oldenburg, Curtis; Seeman, Ed; Hadsell, Eric et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Modelling of e-cloud build-up in grooved vacuum chambers usingPOSINST

Description: Use of grooved vacuum chambers have been suggested as a wayto limitelectron cloud accumulation in the ILC-DR. We report onsimulations carried out using an augmented version of POSINST, accountingfor e-cloud dynamics in the presence of grooves, and make contact withprevious estimates of an effective secondary electron yield for groovedsurfaces.
Date: June 29, 2007
Creator: Venturini, Marco; Celata, C.; Furman, Miguel; Vay, Jean-Luc & Pivi, Mauro
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

THE PATH OF CARBON IN PHOTOSYNTHESIS

Description: It is almost sixty years since Emil Fischer was describing on a platform such as this one some of the work which led to the basic knowledge of the structure of glucose and its relatives. Today we will be concerned with a description of the experiments which have led to a knowledge of the principal reactions by which those carbohydrate structures are created by photosynthetic organisms from carbon dioxide and water, using the energy of light. The speculations on the way in which carbohydrate was… more
Date: December 11, 1961
Creator: Calvin, Melvin (Nobel Prize lecture)
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Tracking the Sun: The Installed Cost of Photovoltaics in the U.S. from 1998-2007

Description: As installations of grid-connected solar photovoltaic (PV) systems have grown, so too has the desire to track the installed cost of these systems over time, by system characteristics, by system location, and by component. This report helps to fill this need by summarizing trends in the installed cost of grid-connected PV systems in the United States from 1998 through 2007. The report is based on an analysis of installed cost data from nearly 37,000 residential and non-residential PV systems, to… more
Date: February 11, 2009
Creator: Wiser, Ryan; Barbose, Galen & Peterman, Carla
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Simulations of Electron Cloud Effects on the Beam Dynamics for theFNAL Main Injector Upgrade

Description: The Fermilab main injector (MI) is being considered for an upgrade as part of the high intensity neutrino source (HINS) effort. This upgrade will involve a significant increasing of the bunch intensity relative to its present value. Such an increase will place the MI in a regime in which electron-cloud effects are expected to become important. We have used the electrostatic particle-in-cell code WARP, recently augmented with new modeling capabilities and simulation techniques, to study the dyna… more
Date: April 15, 2006
Creator: G., Sonnad Kiran; Furman, Miguel; Vay, Jean-Luc; Venturini, Marco; Celata, Christine M. & Grote, David
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Determining the critical size of EUV mask substrate defects

Description: Determining the printability of substrate defects beneath the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) reflecting multilayer stack is an important issue in EUVL lithography. Several simulation studies have been performed in the past to determine the tolerable defect size on EUV mask blank substrates but the industry still has no exact specification based on real printability tests. Therefore, it is imperative to experimentally determine the printability of small defects on a mask blanks that are caused by sub… more
Date: May 26, 2008
Creator: Goldberg, Kenneth A.; Gullikson, Eric M.; Han, Hakseung; Cho, Wonil; Jeon, Chan-Uk & Wurm, Stefan
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Extension of Alpha- and Beta-Decay Systematics of ProtactiniumIsotopes

Description: As part of the program for obtaining data to extend the scope of the systematics of alpha-radioactivity and to obtain more data pertaining to the energy surface in the heavy region of elements, they have made some pertinent new measurements on protactinium isotopes. The heaviest isotope of protactinium hitherto reported is that of mass 234 and hence it would be of interest to know the beta-emission properties of heavier isotopes in order to tie them in with the known radioactive data in this ge… more
Date: January 30, 1950
Creator: Meinke, W. Wayne & Seaborg, Glenn T.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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West Coast Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership - Report on Geophysical Techniques for Monitoring CO2 Movement During Sequestration

Description: The relative merits of the seismic, gravity, and electromagnetic (EM) geophysical techniques are examined as monitoring tools for geologic sequestration of CO{sub 2}. This work does not represent an exhaustive study, but rather demonstrates the capabilities of a number of geophysical techniques on two synthetic modeling scenarios. The first scenario represents combined CO{sub 2} enhance oil recovery (EOR) and sequestration in a producing oil field, the Schrader Bluff field on the north slope of… more
Date: October 1, 2005
Creator: Gasperikova, Erika & Hoversten, G. Michael
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Front-end electronics and trigger systems - status and challenges

Description: The past quarter century has brought about a revolution in front-end electronics for large-scale detector systems. Custom integrated circuits specifically tailored to the requirements of large detector systems have provided unprecedented performance and enabled systems that once were deemed impossible. The evolution of integrated circuit readouts in strip detectors is summarized, the present status described, and challenges posed by the sLHC and ILC are discussed. Performance requirements incre… more
Date: August 21, 2007
Creator: Spieler, Helmuth G & Spieler, Helmuth G
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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HEAVY ION FUSION SCIENCE VIRTUAL NATIONAL LABORATORY 4th QUARTER 2008 MILESTONE REPORT

Description: This milestone has been met. In the previous quarter (3rd quarter FY2008), the Heavy Ion Fusion Science Virtual National Laboratory (HIFS-VNL) completed the new experimental target chamber facility for future Warm Dense Matter (WDM) experiments [1]. The target chamber is operational and target experiments are now underway, using beams focused by a final focus solenoid and compressed by an improved bunching waveform. Initial experiments have demonstrated the capability of the Neutralized Drift C… more
Date: September 16, 2008
Creator: Bieniosek, F. M.; Anders, A.; Barnard, J. J.; Dickinson, M. R.; Greenway, W.; Henestroza, E. et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Continuous monitoring of crosswell seismic travel time

Description: In two separate shallow field experiments, at two distancescales, we have used continuous monitoring to estimate the effect ofbarometric pressure on crosswell travel time and thereby calibrated thestress sensitivity of the rock volume between the wells. In a 3 mexperiment we found a stress sensitivity of 10-6/Pa while in a 30 mexperiment the sensitivity was 5 x 10-8 /Pa. Results from a deeper (1km), 2 month experiment at the San Andreas fault observation boreholeswill be presented if analysis i… more
Date: April 14, 2006
Creator: Daley, Thomas M.; Silver, Paul G.; Niu, Fenglin & Majer, Ernest L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

Molecular-Level Investigations of Nucleation Mechanisms and Kinetics of Formation of Environmental Nanoparticles

Description: Environmental nanoparticles are often poorly-crystalline or metastable structures, whose kinetics of formation and growth are poorly understood. Further, the sorption or growth of nanoparticles on mineral surfaces may control the mineral surface's reactivity and modify its ability to influence contaminant transport. Due to the characteristic length scale, a holistic understanding of the nucleation mechanisms and kinetics of nanoparticle formation on mineral surfaces is difficult to achieve with… more
Date: April 19, 2007
Creator: Jun, Young-Shin & Waychunas, Glenn A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Poster
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Office of the Chief Financial Officer Strategic Plan2008-2012

Description: This is an update to the Office of the Chief Financial Officer's (OCFO's) multi-year strategy to continue to build a highly effective, efficient and compliant financial and business approach to support the scientific mission of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL). The guiding principles of this strategy are to provide the greatest capability for the least cost while continually raising the standards of professional financial management in service to the LBNL science mission.
Date: November 19, 2007
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Laser sheet light flow visualization for evaluating room air flowsfrom Registers

Description: Forced air heating and cooling systems and whole house ventilation systems deliver air to individual rooms in a house via supply registers located on walls ceilings or floors; and occasionally less straightforward locations like toe-kicks below cabinets. Ideally, the air velocity out of the registers combined with the turbulence of the flow, vectoring of air by register vanes and geometry of register placement combine to mix the supply air within the room. A particular issue that has been raise… more
Date: April 1, 2006
Creator: Walker, Iain S.; Claret, Valerie & Smith, Brian
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Macroscopic Modeling of Polymer-Electrolyte Membranes

Description: In this chapter, the various approaches for the macroscopic modeling of transport phenomena in polymer-electrolyte membranes are discussed. This includes general background and modeling methodologies, as well as exploration of the governing equations and some membrane-related topic of interest.
Date: April 1, 2007
Creator: Weber, A.Z. & Newman, J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Book
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Physical Impacts of Climate Change on the Western US Electricity System: A Scoping Study

Description: This paper presents an exploratory study of the possible physical impacts of climate change on the electric power system, and how these impacts could be incorporated into resource planning in the Western United States. While many aspects of climate change and energy have been discussed in the literature, there has not yet been a systematic review of the relationship between specific physical effects and the quantitative analyses that are commonly used in planning studies. The core of the proble… more
Date: December 1, 2008
Creator: Coughlin, Katie & Goldman, Charles
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

The Path of Carbon in Photosynthesis

Description: The dark fixation of carbon dioxide by green algae has been investigated and found to be closely related to photosynthesis fixation. By illumination in the absence of carbon dioxide followed by treatment with radioactive carbon dioxide in the dark, the amount fixed has been increased ten to twenty fold. This rate of maximum fixation approaches photosynthesis maximum rates. The majority of the radioactive products formed under these conditions have been identified and isolated and the distributi… more
Date: March 8, 1948
Creator: Calvin, M. & Benson, A. A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Correlations and Fluctuations: Status and Perspectives

Description: We will provide an overview of the physics which can be addressed by studying fluctuations and correlations in heavy ion collisions. Observables, which have been discussed in the literature will be briefly reviewed and put in context with experiment and information from Lattice QCD. Special attention will be given to the QCD critical point and the first order co-existence region.
Date: April 15, 2008
Creator: Koch, Volker & Koch, Volker
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Saving Water Saves Energy

Description: Hot water use in households, for showers and baths as wellas for washing clothes and dishes, is a major driver of household energyconsumption. Other household uses of water (such as irrigatinglandscaping) require additional energy in other sectors to transport andtreat the water before use, and to treat wastewater. In California, 19percent of total electricity for all sectors combined and 32 percent ofnatural gas consumption is related to water. There is a criticalinterdependence between energy… more
Date: June 15, 2006
Creator: McMahon, James E.; Whitehead, Camilla Dunham & Biermayer, Peter
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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