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Photovoltaic array performance model.

Description: This document summarizes the equations and applications associated with the photovoltaic array performance model developed at Sandia National Laboratories over the last twelve years. Electrical, thermal, and optical characteristics for photovoltaic modules are included in the model, and the model is designed to use hourly solar resource and meteorological data. The versatility and accuracy of the model has been validated for flat-plate modules (all technologies) and for concentrator modules, as… more
Date: August 1, 2004
Creator: Kratochvil, Jay A.; Boyson, William Earl & King, David L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Comparison of Module Performance Characterization Methods

Description: The rating and modeling of photovoltaic PW module performance has been of concern to manufacturers and system designers for over 20 years. Both the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) have developed methodologies to predict module and array performance under actual operating conditions. This paper compares the two methods of determining the performance of PV modules, The methods translate module performance to actual or reference conditions using s… more
Date: October 3, 2000
Creator: Kroposki, B.; Marion, W.; King, David L.; Boyson, William Earl & Kratochvil, Jay A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Field experience with a new performance characterization procedure for photovoltaic arrays

Description: As photovoltaic systems become larger and more numerous, improved methods are needed for testing and modeling their performance. Test methods that successfully separate the interacting, time-of-day dependent influences of solar irradiance, operating temperature, solar spectrum, and solar angle-of-incidence have now been developed. These test methods have resulted in a new array performance model that is reasonably simple, yet accurately predicts performance for all operating conditions. This pa… more
Date: December 31, 1997
Creator: King, David L.; Kratochvil, Jay A. & Boyson, William E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Measuring solar spectral and angle-of-incidence effects on photovoltaic modules and solar irradiance sensors

Description: Historically, two time-of-day dependent factors have complicated the characterization of photovoltaic module and array performance; namely, changes in the solar spectrum over the day and optical effects in the module that vary with the solar angle-of-incidence. This paper describes straightforward methods for directly measuring the effects of these two factors. Measured results for commercial modules, as well as for typical solar irradiance sensors (pyranometers) are provided. The empirical rel… more
Date: November 1, 1997
Creator: King, David L.; Kratochvil, Jay A. & Boyson, William E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Temperature coefficients for PV modules and arrays: Measurement methods, difficulties, and results

Description: The term temperature coefficient has been applied to several different photovoltaic performance parameters, including voltage, current, and power. The procedures for measuring the coefficient(s) for modules and arrays are not yet standardized, and systematic influences are common in the test methods used to measure them. There are also misconceptions regarding their application. Yet, temperature coefficients, however obtained, play an important role in PV system design and sizing, where often t… more
Date: November 1, 1997
Creator: King, David L.; Kratochvil, Jay A. & Boyson, William E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Twenty years of service at NBNM - Analysis of Spectrolab module

Description: This study of adhesional strength and surface analysis of encapsulant and silicon cell samples from a Natural Bridges National Monument (NBNM) Spectrolab module is an attempt to understand from its success. The module was fabricated using polyvinyl butyral (PVB) as an encapsulant. The average adhesional shear strength of the encapsulant at the cell/encapsulant interface in this module was 4.51 MPa or {approximately} 18% lower than that in currently manufactured modules. Typical encapsulant surf… more
Date: April 11, 2000
Creator: Dhere, N. G.; Pandit, M. B.; Ghongadi, S. R.; Quintana, Michael A.; King, David L. & Kratochvil, Jay A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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