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Simple graphical solution of heat transfer and evaporation from surface heated to prevent icing

Description: "Equations expressing the heat transfer and evaporation from wetted surfaces during ice prevention have been simplified and regrouped to permit solutions by simple graphical means. Working charts for quick and accurate anti-icing calculations are also included" (p. 1).
Date: October 1952
Creator: Gray, Vernon H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Improvements in Heat Transfer for Anti-Icing of Gas-Heated Airfoils with Internal Fins and Partitions

Description: "The effect of modifying the gas passage of hollow metal airfoils by the addition of internal fins and partitions was experimentally investigated and comparisons were made among a basic unfinned airfoil section and two airfoil designs having metal fins attached at the leading edge of the internal gas passage. An analysis considering the effects of heat conduction in the airfoil metal was made to determine the internal modification effectiveness that may be obtained in gas-heated components, suc… more
Date: July 1950
Creator: Gray, Vernon H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Correlations Among Ice Measurements, Impingement Rates Icing Conditions, and Drag Coefficients for Unswept NACA 65A004 Airfoil

Description: "An empirical relation has been obtained by which the change in drag coefficient caused by ice formations on an unswept NACA 65A004 airfoil section can be determined from the following icing and operating conditions: icing time, airspeed, air total temperature, liquid-water content, cloud droplet impingement efficiencies, airfoil chord length, and angles of attack. The correlation was obtained by use of measured ice heights and ice angles. These measurements were obtained from a variety of ice … more
Date: February 1958
Creator: Gray, Vernon H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Simple Graphical Solution of Heat Transfer and Evaporation From Surface Heated to Prevent Icing

Description: "Equations expressing the heat transfer and evaporation from wetted surfaces during ice prevention have been simplified and regrouped to permit solutions by simple graphical means. Working charts for quick and accurate anti-icing calculations are also included" (p. 1).
Date: October 1952
Creator: Gray, Vernon H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Icing Characteristics and Anti-Icing Heat Requirements for Hollow and Ternally Modified Gas-Heated Inlet Guide Vanes

Description: "A two-dimensional inlet-guide-vane cascade was investigated to determine the effects of ice formations on the pressure losses across the guide vanes and to evaluate the heated gas flow and temperature required to prevent Icing at various conditions. A gas flow of approximately 0.4 percent of the inlet-air flow was necessary for anti-icing a hollow guide-vane stage at an inlet-gas temperature of 500 F under the following icing conditions: air velocity, 280 miles per hour; water content, 0.9 gra… more
Date: December 5, 1950
Creator: Gray, Vernon H. & Bowden, Dean T.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Comparison of Several Methods of Cyclic De-Icing of a Gas-Heated Airfoil

Description: "Several methods of cyclic de-icing of a gas-heated airfoil were investigated to determine ice-removal characteristics and heating requirements. The cyclic de-icing system with a spanwise ice-free parting strip in the stagnation region and a constant-temperature gas-supply duct gave the quickest and most reliable ice removal. Heating requirements for the several methods of cyclic de-icing are compared, and the savings over continuous ice prevention are shown. Data are presented to show the rela… more
Date: June 22, 1953
Creator: Gray, Vernon H. & Bowden, Dean T.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Aerodynamic Effects Caused by Icing of an Unswept NACA 65A004 Airfoil

Description: From Summary: "The effects of ice formations on the section lift, drag, and pitching-moment coefficients of an unswept NACA 65A004 airfoil section of 6-foot chord were studied.. The magnitude of the aerodynamic penalties was primarily a function of the shape and size of the ice formation near the leading edge of the airfoil. The exact size and shape of the ice formations were determined photographically and found to be complex functions of the operating and icing conditions."
Date: February 1958
Creator: Gray, Vernon H. & von Glahn, Uwe H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Effect of Ice Formations on Section Drag of Swept NACA 63A-009 Airfoil with Partial-Span Leading-Edge Slat for Various Modes of Thermal Ice Protection

Description: From Summary: "The effects of primary and runback ice formations on the section drag of a 36 deg swept NACA 63A-009 airfoil section with a partial-span leading-edge slat were studied over a range of angles of attack from 2 to 8 deg and airspeeds up to 260 miles per hour for icing conditions with liquid-water contents ranging from 0.39 to 1.23 grams per cubic meter and datum air temperatures from 10 to 25 F. The results with slat retracted showed that glaze-ice formations caused large and rapid … more
Date: March 15, 1954
Creator: von Glahn, Uwe H. & Gray, Vernon H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Effect of Ice and Frost Formations on Drag of NACA 65(sub 1) -212 Airfoil for Various Modes of Thermal Ice Protection

Description: "The effects of primary and runback icing and frost formations on the drag of an 8-foot-chord NACA 651-212 airfoil section were investigated over a range of angles of attack from 20 to 80 and airspeeds up to 260 miles per hour for icing conditions with liquid-water contents ranging from 0.25 to 1.4 grams per cubic meter and datum air temperatures of -30 to 30 F. The results showed that glaze-ice formations, either primary or runback, on the upper surface near the leading edge of the airfoil cau… more
Date: June 1953
Creator: Gray, Vernon H. & von Glahn, Uwe H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Effect of Ice Formations on Section Drag of Swept NACA 63A-009 Airfoil With Partical-Span Leading-Edge Slat for Various Modes of Thermal Ice Protection

Description: Studies were made to determine the effect of ice formations on the section drag of a 6.9-foot-chord 36 degree swept NACA 63A-009 airfoil with partial-span leading-edge slat. In general, the icing of a thin swept airfoil will result in greater aerodynamic penalties than for a thick unswept airfoil. Glaze-ice formations at the leading edge of the airfoil caused large increases in section drag even at liquid-water content of 0.39 gram per cubic meter. The use of an ice-free parting strip in the st… more
Date: March 15, 1954
Creator: von Glahn, Uwe H. & Gray, Vernon H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Heat-Requirements for Ice Protection of a Cyclically Gas-Heated, 36 Degree Swept Airfoil with Partial-Span Leading-Edge Slat

Description: From Summary: "Heating requirements for satisfactory cyclic de-icing over a wide range of icing and operating conditions have been determined for a gas-heated, 36 degree swept airfoil of 6.9-foot chord with a partial-span leading-edge slat. Comparisons of heating requirements and effectiveness were made between the slatted and unslatted portions of the airfoil. Studies were also made comparing cyclic de-icing with continuous anti-icing, and cyclic de-icing systems with and without leading-edge … more
Date: May 14, 1956
Creator: Gray, Vernon H. & von Glahn, Uwe H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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NACA Investigations of Icing-Protection Systems for Turbojet-Engine Installations

Description: "Investigations have been made in flight and in wind tunnels to determine which components of turbojet installations are most critical in icing conditions, and to evaluate several methods of icing protection. From these studies, the requirements necessary for adequate icing protection and the consequent penalties on engine performance can be estimated. Because investigations have indicated that the compressor-inlet screen constitutes the greatest icing hazard and is difficult to protect, comple… more
Date: May 2, 1951
Creator: von Glahn, Uwe; Callaghan, Edmund E. & Gray, Vernon H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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