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in creator/contributor: "Dougherty, D."

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Leaching mechanisms of solidified low-level waste. The literature survey

A literature survey on leaching mechanisms, available mathematical models and factors that affect leaching from solidified low-level radioactive waste (LLW) was compiled. Physicochemical mechanisms identified include diffusion, dissolution, ion exchange, corrosion and surface effects. Diffusion was generally considered to be the predominant mechanism in LLW leachability. However, this hierarchy of importance has been strongly questioned for waste forms containing soluble salts and has been show… more

Date: June 1, 1985

Creator: Dougherty, D. & Colombo, P.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Development of a computerized data base for low-level radioactive waste leaching data: Topical report

This report documents the development of a computerized data base (db) of leaching data for solidified low-level radioactive waste (LLW) forms. Brookhaven National Lab performed this work under contract with the US Department of Energy's Low-Level Waste Management Program as part of an effort to develop an accelerated leach test(s) that can be used to predict leachabilities of LLW forms over long time periods, i.e., hundreds of years. The accelerated leach test(s) is (are) to be developed based… more

Date: September 1, 1986

Creator: Dougherty, D.R. & Colombo, P.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Development of a computerized data base for low-level waste leaching data

A computerized data base of low-level waste (LLW) leaching data is being compiled by Brookhaven National Laboratory. Although this data base is being compiled as part of an effort to develop accelerated leach test procedures for LLW forms, others involved in LLW management may find it useful. The data base is implemented on an IBM PC XT and is self-contained in that its data manipulation and analysis programs are not proprietary (i.e., need not be purchased). The data base includes data from th… more

Date: September 1, 1986

Creator: Dougherty, D.R. & Colombo, P.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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A long term radiological risk model for plutonium-fueled and fission reactor space nuclear system

This report describes the optimization of the RISK III mathematical model, which provides risk assessment for the use of a plutonium-fueled, fission reactor in space systems. The report discusses possible scenarios leading to radiation releases on the ground; distinctions are made for an intact reactor and a dispersed reactor. Also included are projected dose equivalents for various accident situations. 54 refs., 31 figs., 11 tabs. (TEM)

Date: January 1, 1987

Creator: Bartram, B.W. & Dougherty, D.K.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Radiation resistance testing of high-density polyethylene. [Gamma rays]

Mechanical tests following gamma inrradiation and creep tests during irradiation have been conducted on high-density polyethylene (HDPE) to assess the adequacy of this material for use in high-integrity containers (HICs). These tests were motivated by experience in nuclear power plants in which polyethylene electrical insulation detoriorated more rapidly than expected due to radiation-induced oxidation. This suggested that HDPE HICs used for radwaste disposal might degrade more rapidly than wou… more

Date: January 1, 1983

Creator: Dougherty, D. R. & Adams, J. W.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Accelerated Leach Test(s) Program. Annual report

This report summarizes the work performed for the Accelerated Leach Test(s) Program at Brookhaven National Laboratory in Fiscal Year 1985 under the sponsorship of the US Department of Energy's Low-Level Waste Management Program (LLWMP). Programmatic activities were concentrated in three areas, as listed and described in the following paragraphs. (1) A literature survey of reported leaching mechanisms, available mathematical models and factors that affect leaching of LLW forms has been compiled.… more

Date: September 1, 1985

Creator: Dougherty, D.R.; Fuhrmann, M. & Colombo, P.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Development of an accelerated leach test(s) for low-level waste forms

An accelerated leach test(s) is being developed to predict long-term leaching behavior of low-level radioactive waste (LLW) forms in their disposal environments. As necessary background, a literature survey of reported leaching mechanisms, available mathematical models and factors that affect leaching of LLW forms has been compiled. Mechanisms which have been identified include diffusion, dissolution, ion exchange, corrosion and surface effects. A computerized data base of LLW leaching data and… more

Date: January 1, 1985

Creator: Dougherty, D.R.; Fuhrmann, M. & Colombo, P.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Optimal groundwater remediation design: Methodologies and software for contaminated aquifers. Final report

This document comprises the final report of work performed under sub-contract B-239648 between the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) and the University of Vermont (UVM). This contract was subsidiary to one between LLNL and the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). This project had the goal of developing tools and strategies regarding how and where and when to apply the environmental restoration (ER) technologies that are under development. The development of decision support software for… more

Date: October 31, 1994

Creator: Dougherty, D.E.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Extended storage of low-level radioactive waste: potential problem areas

If a state or state compact does not have adequate disposal capacity for low-level radioactive waste (LLRW) by 1986 as required by the Low-Level Waste Policy Act, then extended storage of certain LLRW may be necessary. The issue of extended storage of LLRW is addressed in order to determine for the Nuclear Regulatory Commission the areas of concern and the actions recommended to resolve these concerns. The focus is on the properties and behavior of the waste form and waste container. Storage al… more

Date: January 1, 1985

Creator: Siskind, B.; Dougherty, D.R. & MacKenzie, D.R.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Leaching Mechanisms Program. Annual report

The primary goal of this work is to determine the leaching mechanisms of a variety of matrix materials either in use or being considered for the solidification of low-level radioactive wastes by defense and commercial waste generators. Since this program is new and did not formally begin until May of FY 84, the results reported here are few and preliminary. Efforts were concentrated in the following activities: (1) The literature search for leaching data and proposed leaching models and mechani… more

Date: September 1, 1984

Creator: Dougherty, D.; Colombo, P.; Doty, R. & Fuhrmann, M.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Progress in development of an accelerated leach test for low-level radioactive waste forms

Factors that accelerate leaching from solidified low-level radioactive waste are being investigated to develop a short-term leach test that can be used to predict long-term releases. Data from work with portland cement containing radioactive tracers indicate that elevated temperatures can accelerate leaching of Ce-137 by at least a factor of eleven without changing the leaching mechanism. An 18 day leach test at 50/sup 0/C provided the equivalent of 200 days data taken at 20/sup 0/C. Portland c… more

Date: August 1, 1987

Creator: Fuhrmann, M.; Pietrzak, R.; Dougherty, D. & Colombo, P.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Performance evaluation of a refrigerant-charged thermosyphon solar DHW system

Refrigerant-charged passive solar domestic hot water (SDHW) systems, which have recently become commercially available, are generating great interest in the solar community. These systems, which can be installed even in freezing climates, may achieve the high performance and reliability of direct thermosyphon systems. The Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI) is testing and analyzing a promixing prototype refrigerant-charged thermosyphon system; SERI also plans to evaluate a commercially avail… more

Date: April 1981

Creator: Farrington, R.; DeAngelis, M.; Morrison, L. & Dougherty, D.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Evaluation of the radiation resistance of high-density polyethylene. [Gamma Rays]

Mechanical tests following gamma irradiation and creep tests during irradiation have been conducted on high-density polyethylene (HDPE) to provide data to help assess the adequacy of this material for use in high integrity containers (HICs). Two types of HDPE, a highly cross-linked rotationally molded material and a non-cross-linked blow molded material, were used in these tests. Gamma-ray irradiations were performed at several dose rates in environments of air, Barnwell and Hanford backfill so… more

Date: March 1, 1984

Creator: Dougherty, D. R.; Adams, J. W. & Barletta, R. R.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Strippable coating used for the TMI-2 reactor building decontamination

Strippable coating material used in the TMI-2 reactor building decontamination has been tested for Sr, Cs, and Co leachability, for radiation stability, thermal stability, and for resistance to biodegradation. It was also immersion tested in water, a water solution saturated with toluene and xylene, toluene, xylene, and liquid scintillation counting (LSC) cocktail. Leach testing resulted in all of the Cs and Co activity and most of the Sr activity being released from the coating in just a few d… more

Date: January 1, 1984

Creator: Adams, J. W.; Dougherty, D. R. & Barletta, R. E.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Waste properties of a strippable coating used for the TMI-2 reactor building decontamination

Strippable coating material considered for use in the TMI-2 reactor building decontamination has been tested for Sr, Cs, and Co leachability, for radiation stability, and for resistance to biodegradation. It was also immersion tested in water, a water solution saturated with toluene and xylene, toluene, xylene, and liquid scintillation counting (LSC) cocktail. Leach testing, performed using a modified IAEA procedure, resulted in all of the Cs and Co activity and most of the Sr activity being re… more

Date: January 1, 1982

Creator: Dougherty, D. R.; Adams, J. W. & Barletta, R. E.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Accelerated Leach Test(s) Program: Annual report

A computerized data base of LLW leaching data has been developed. Long-term tests on portland cement, bitumen and vinyl ester-styrene (VES) polymer waste forms containing simulated wastes are underway which are designed to identify and evaluate factors that accelerate leaching without changing the mechanisms.

Date: September 1, 1986

Creator: Dougherty, D.R.; Pietrzak, R.F.; Fuhrmann, M. & Colombo, P.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

An experimental survey of the factors that affect leaching from low-level radioactive waste forms

This report represents the results of an experimental survey of the factors that affect leaching from several types of solidified low-level radioactive waste forms. The goal of these investigations was to determine those factors that accelerate leaching without changing its mechanism(s). Typically, although not in every case,the accelerating factors include: increased temperature, increased waste loading (i.e., increased waste to binder ratio), and decreased size (i.e., decreased waste form vol… more

Date: September 1, 1988

Creator: Dougherty, D.R.; Pietrzak, R.F.; Fuhrmann, M. & Colombo, P.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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SERAPH implementation plans

The Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI) devotes a significant research effort to the application of solar technology in the industrial sector. It is well known that US industries consume a significant amount of energy, a large portion of which is required in a temperature range in which concentrating solar collectors work effectively. The SERAPH facility (Solar Energy Research and Applications in Process Heat) will provide at SERI the capability of addressing many of the technical issues tha… more

Date: May 1, 1979

Creator: Castle, J.; Su, W.; Dougherty, D. A. & Wright, J. D.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Recent studies on radiation induced F-center and colloid particle formation in synthetic NaCl and natural rock salt

Radiation induced F-center and Na metal colloid formation have been studied, at temperatures between 100 and 350/sup 0/C, in melt growth synthetic NaCl crystals and natural rock salt samples, using equipment for making optical measurements during 1 to 3 MeV electron irradiation. In both types of NaCl the damage formation kinetics are qualitatively similar. However, there are large quantitative differences which depend on irradiation temperature, dose rate, total dose, inherent strain, strain ap… more

Date: January 1, 1982

Creator: Levy, P. W.; Loman, J. M.; Swyler, K. J. & Dougherty, D. R.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Evaluation of the Three Mile Island Unit 2 reactor building decontamination process

Decontamination activities from the cleanup of the Three Mile Island Unit 2 Reactor Building are generating a variety of waste streams. Solid wastes being disposed of in commercial shallow land burial include trash and rubbish, ion-exchange resins (Epicor-II) and strippable coatings. The radwaste streams arising from cleanup activities currently under way are characterized and classified under the waste classification scheme of 10 CFR Part 61. It appears that much of the Epicor-II ion-exchange … more

Date: August 1983

Creator: Dougherty, D. & Adams, J. W.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Proliferation detection using a remote resonance Raman chemical sensor

The authors discussed the potential of the resonance Raman chemical sensor as a remote sensor that can be used for gases, liquids or solids. This spectroscopy has the fundamental advantage that it is based on optical fingerprints that are insensitive to environmental perturbations or excitation frequency. By taking advantage of resonance enhancement, the inelastic scattering cross-section can increase anywhere from 4 to 6 orders of magnitude which translates into increased sensing range or lowe… more

Date: August 1, 1993

Creator: Sedlacek, A. J.; Chen, C. L. & Dougherty, D. R.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Rapid Tools for Joint Inversion and Imaging. Final report

The activities and results of a Small Business Innovation Research Phase II project entitled ''Rapid Tools for Joint Inversion and Imaging'' are presented. Research and development on three-dimensional methods to recover distributions of material property values from sparse data are reported. Innovations using artificial neural networks and extended Kalman filtering are described. The report also covers investigations on upscaling and downscaling, segmentation for data processing, and applicati… more

Date: August 2, 2000

Creator: Rizzo, D.M. & Dougherty, D.E.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Application of resonance Raman spectroscopy as a nuclear proliferation detection technology

Resonance Raman spectroscopy (RRS) potentially possesses many of the characteristics of an ideal verification technology. Some of these ideal traits are: very high selectivity and specificity to allow the deconvolution of a mixture of the chemicals of interest, high sensitivity in order to measure a species at trace levels, high reliability and long-term durability, applicability to a wide range of chemicals capability for sensing in a variety of environmental conditions, independence of the ph… more

Date: January 1, 1993

Creator: Sedlacek, A. J., III; Chen, C. L. & Dougherty, D. R.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Monitoring and trace detection of hazardous waste and toxic chemicals using resonance Raman spectroscopy

Raman scattering is a coherent, inelastic, two-photon process, which shifts the frequency of an outgoing photon according to the vibrational structure of the irradiated species, thereby providing a unique fingerprint of the molecule. When involving an allowed electronic transition (resonance Raman), this scattering cross section can be enhanced by 10[sup 4] to 10[sup 6] and provides the basis for a viable technique that can monitor and detect trace quantities of hazardous wastes and toxic chemi… more

Date: January 1, 1993

Creator: Sedlacek, A. J., III; Dougherty, D. R. & Chen, C. L.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department