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THE PRODUCTION OF SYNGAS VIA HIGH TEMPERATURE ELECTROLYSIS AND BIO-MASS GASIFICATION

Description: A process model of syngas production using high temperature electrolysis and biomass gasification is presented. Process heat from the biomass gasifier is used to improve the hydrogen production efficiency of the steam electrolysis process. Hydrogen from electrolysis allows a high utilization of the biomass carbon for syngas production. Based on the gasifier temperature, 94% to 95% of the carbon in the biomass becomes carbon monoxide in the syngas (carbon dioxide and hydrogen). Assuming the ther… more
Date: November 1, 2008
Creator: McKellar, M. G.; Hawkes, G. L. & O'Brien, J. E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Reactive Distillation for Esterification of Bio-based Organic Acids

Description: The following is the final report of the three year research program to convert organic acids to their ethyl esters using reactive distillation. This report details the complete technical activities of research completed at Michigan State University for the period of October 1, 2003 to September 30, 2006, covering both reactive distillation research and development and the underlying thermodynamic and kinetic data required for successful and rigorous design of reactive distillation esterificati… more
Date: September 23, 2008
Creator: Fields, Nathan; Miller, Dennis J.; Asthana, Navinchandra S.; Kolah, Aspi K.; Vu, Dung & Lira, Carl T.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Consumptive water use in the production of ethanonl and petroleum gasoline.

Description: The production of energy feedstocks and fuels requires substantial water input. Not only do biofuel feedstocks like corn, switchgrass, and agricultural residues need water for growth and conversion to ethanol, but petroleum feedstocks like crude oil and oil sands also require large volumes of water for drilling, extraction, and conversion into petroleum products. Moreover, in many cases, crude oil production is increasingly water dependent. Competing uses strain available water resources and ra… more
Date: January 30, 2009
Creator: Wu, M.; Mintz, M.; Wang, M.; Arora, S. & Systems, Energy
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Mixed Alcohol Synthesis Catalyst Screening

Description: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) are conducting research to investigate the feasibility of producing mixed alcohols from biomass-derived synthesis gas (syngas). PNNL is tasked with obtaining commercially available or preparing promising mixed-alcohol catalysts and screening them in a laboratory-scale reactor system. Commercially available catalysts and the most promising experimental catalysts are provided to NREL for testing using a s… more
Date: September 3, 2007
Creator: Gerber, Mark A.; White, James F. & Stevens, Don J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Advanced Modeling and Materials in Kraft Pulp Mills

Description: This CRADA provided technical support to the Weyerhaeuser Company on a number of issues related to the performance and/or selection of materials at a number of locations in a pulp and paper mill. The studies related primarily to components for black liquor recovery boilers, but some effort was directed toward black liquor gasifiers and rolls for paper machines. The purpose of this CRADA was to assist Weyerhaeuser in the evaluation of materials exposed in various paper mill environments and to p… more
Date: May 15, 2002
Creator: Keiser, J. R. & Gorog, J. P.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Biomass Energy Data Book: Edition 1

Description: The Biomass Energy Data Book is a statistical compendium prepared and published by Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) under contract with the Office of the Biomass Program and the Office of Planning, Budget and Analysis in the Department of Energy's Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) program. Designed for use as a desk-top reference, the book represents an assembly and display of statistics and information that characterize the biomass industry, from the production of biomass feeds… more
Date: September 1, 2006
Creator: Wright, Lynn L; Boundy, Robert Gary; Perlack, Robert D; Davis, Stacy Cagle & Saulsbury, Bo
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Detailed chemical kinetic oxidation mechanism for a biodiesel surrogate

Description: A detailed chemical kinetic mechanism has been developed and used to study the oxidation of methyl decanoate, a surrogate for biodiesel fuels. This model has been built by following the rules established by Curran et al. for the oxidation of n-heptane and it includes all the reactions known to be pertinent to both low and high temperatures. Computed results have been compared with methyl decanoate experiments in an engine and oxidation of rapeseed oil methyl esters in a jet stirred reactor. An … more
Date: September 20, 2007
Creator: Herbinet, O; Pitz, W J & Westbrook, C K
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Low-Chrome/Chrome Free Refractories for Slagging Gasifiers

Description: Gasifiers are containment vessels used to react carbon-containing materials with oxygen and water, producing syngas (CO and H2) that is used in chemical and power production. It is also a potential source of H2 in a future hydrogen economy. Air cooled slagging gasifiers are one type of gasifier, operating at temperatures from 1275-1575º C and at pressures of 400 psi or higher. They typically use coal or petroleum coke as the carbon source, materials which contain ash impurities that liquefy at … more
Date: January 1, 2007
Creator: Bennett, J.P.; Kwong, K.-S.; Powell, C.P.; Thomas, H. & Petty, A.V., Jr.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Long-Term US Industrial Energy Use and CO2 Emissions

Description: We present a description and scenario results from our recently-developed long-term model of United States industrial sector energy consumption, which we have incorporated as a module within the ObjECTS-MiniCAM integrated assessment model. This new industrial model focuses on energy technology and fuel choices over a 100 year period and allows examination of the industrial sector response to climate policies within a global modeling framework. A key challenge was to define a level of aggregatio… more
Date: December 3, 2007
Creator: Wise, Marshall A.; Sinha, Paramita; Smith, Steven J. & Lurz, Joshua P.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Watershed Restoration Project

Description: In 2003, the U.S. Department of Energy issued the Eastern Nevada Landscape Coalition (ENLC) funding to implement ecological restoration in Gleason Creek and Smith Valley Watersheds. This project was made possible by congressionally directed funding that was provided through the US Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of the Biomass Program. The Ely District Bureau of Land Management (Ely BLM) manages these watersheds and considers them priority areas within the E… more
Date: September 27, 2007
Creator: Thompson, Julie & Macfarlan, Betsy
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Succinic Acid as a Byproduct in a Corn-based Ethanol Biorefinery

Description: MBI endeavored to develop a process for succinic acid production suitable for integration into a corn-based ethanol biorefinery. The project investigated the fermentative production of succinic acid using byproducts of corn mill operations. The fermentation process was attuned to include raw starch, endosperm, as the sugar source. A clean-not-sterile process was established to treat the endosperm and release the monomeric sugars. We developed the fermentation process to utilize a byproduct of c… more
Date: December 31, 2007
Creator: International, MBI
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Surface Area, Volume, Mass, and Density Distributions for Sized Biomass Particles

Description: This final technical report describes work performed at Morehouse College under DOE Grant No. DE-FC26-04NT42130 during the period July 01, 2004 to June 30, 2007 which covers the entire performance period of the project. 25 individual biomass particles (hardwood sawdust AI14546 in the size range of 100-200 microns) were levitated in an electrodynamic balance (EDB) and their external surface area, volume, and drag coefficient/mass (C{sub d}/m) ratios were characterized applying highly specialized… more
Date: June 30, 2007
Creator: Sampath, Ramanathan
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Parametric Gasification of Oak and Pine Feedstocks Using the TCPDU and Slipstream Water-Gas Shift Catalysis

Description: With oak and pine feedstocks, the Gasification of Biomass to Hydrogen project maximizes hydrogen production using the Full Stream Reformer during water-gas shift fixed-bed reactor testing. Results indicate that higher steam-to-biomass ratio and higher thermal cracker temperature yield higher hydrogen concentration. NREL's techno-economic models and analyses indicate hydrogen production from biomass may be viable at an estimated cost of $1.77/kg (current) and $1.47/kg (advanced in 2015). To veri… more
Date: December 1, 2008
Creator: Hrdlicka, J.; Feik, C.; Carpenter, D. & Pomeroy, M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

The effect of drying temperature on the composition of biomass

Description: The compositional quality of different lignocellulosic feedstocks influences their performance and potential demand at a biorefinery. Many analytical protocols for determining the composition or performance characteristics of biomass involve a drying step, where the drying temperature can vary depending on the specific protocol. To get reliable data, it is important to determine the correct drying temperature to vaporize the water without negatively impacting the compositional quality of the bi… more
Date: May 1, 2008
Creator: Houghton, T. P.; Stevens, D. N.; Wright, C. T. & Radtke, C. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Using System Dynamics to Model the Transition to Biofuels in the United States: Preprint

Description: Transitioning to a biofuels industry that is expected to displace about 30% of current U.S. gasoline consumption requires a robust biomass-to-biofuels system-of-systems that operates in concert with the existing markets. This paper discusses employing a system dynamics approach to investigate potential market penetration scenarios for cellulosic ethanol and to help government decision makers focus on areas with greatest potential.
Date: June 1, 2008
Creator: Bush, B.; Duffy, M.; Sandor, D. & Peterson, S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Final Scientific Report

Description: NanoDynamics Inc. has undertaken a study to develop and demonstrate an anode-supported solid oxide fuel cell capable of generating a minimum of 20 W per cell on hydrogen. The cell technology will also be assed for operation on renewable hydrocarbon-based fuels such as biomass gas, as well its applicability for larger-scale power production. The project was divided into five sub-tasks, the first of which was the development and refinement of the cell manufacturing processes of gel-casting and pa… more
Date: January 14, 2008
Creator: Finnerty, Caine
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Technical Issues Associated With the Use of Intermediate Ethanol Blends (>E10) in the U.S. Legacy Fleet

Description: The Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) supports the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) in assessing the impact of using intermediate ethanol blends (E10 to E30) in the legacy fleet of vehicles in the U.S. fleet. The purpose of this report is to: (1) identify the issues associated with intermediate ethanol blends with an emphasis on the end-use or vehicle impacts of increased ethanol levels; (2) assess the likely severity of the issues and whether they will become more severe with higher ethanol … more
Date: August 1, 2007
Creator: Rich, Bechtold; Thomas, John F; Huff, Shean P; Szybist, James P; West, Brian H; Theiss, Timothy J et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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