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Measurement approaches to support future warhead arms control transparency

Description: Transparency on warhead stockpiles, warhead dismantlement, and fissile material stockpiles in nuclear weapons states will become increasingly important in the move beyond START II toward lower quantities of warheads. Congressional support for further warhead reductions will likely depend on the degree of irreversibility, or in other words, the rapidity with which warhead inventories could be reconstituted. Whether irreversibility considerations can be satisfied will depend on monitoring dismant… more
Date: December 31, 1998
Creator: Olinger, C. T.; Frankle, C. M.; Johnson, M. W. & Poths, J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Environmental sampling

Description: Environmental Sampling (ES) is a technology option that can have application in transparency in nuclear nonproliferation. The basic process is to take a sample from the environment, e.g., soil, water, vegetation, or dust and debris from a surface, and through very careful sample preparation and analysis, determine the types, elemental concentration, and isotopic composition of actinides in the sample. The sample is prepared and the analysis performed in a clean chemistry laboratory (CCL). This … more
Date: December 31, 1998
Creator: Puckett, J.M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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A suggested approach to applying IAEA safeguards to plutonium in weapons components

Description: It is the announced policy of the United States to make fissile material removed from its nuclear weapons stockpile subject to the US-IAEA voluntary safeguards agreement. Much of this material is plutonium in the form of pits. The application of traditional IAEA safeguards would reveal Restricted Data to unauthorized persons which is prohibited by US law and international treaties. Prior to the availability of a facility for the conversion of the plutonium in the pits to a non-sensitive form th… more
Date: August 1, 1998
Creator: Lu, M.S. & Allentuck, J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Sealing of Process Valves for the HEU Downblending Verification Experiment at Portsmouth

Description: At the Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant in Piketon, Ohio, USA, excess inventory of highly-enriched uranium (HEU) from US defense programs is being diluted to low-enriched uranium (LEU) for commercial use. The conversion is subject to a Verification Experiment overseen by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). The Verification Experiment is making use of monitoring technologies developed and installed by several DOE laboratories. One of the measures is a system for sealing valves in th… more
Date: July 1, 1998
Creator: Baldwin, George T.; Bartberger, Jack C.; Jenkins, Charles D.; Perlinski, Anthony W.; Schoeneman, J. Lee; Gordon, David M. et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Neutron multiplicity assay of impure materials using four different neutron counters

Description: During an advanced IAEA inspector training course given at Los Alamos in November, 1997, the opportunity existed for an intercomparison study of various neutron detectors to quantify measurement performance using pure and impure plutonium oxide and mixed uranium-plutonium oxide (MOX) items. Because of the cost of counters designed specifically for multiplicity analysis, it was desired to explore the limits of other, less costly and less efficient detectors. This paper presents and intercompares… more
Date: December 1, 1998
Creator: Stewart, J. E.; Langner, D. G. & Wenz, T. R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Verification of classified fissile material using unclassified attributes

Description: This paper reports on the most recent efforts of US technical experts to explore verification by IAEA of unclassified attributes of classified excess fissile material. Two propositions are discussed: (1) that multiple unclassified attributes could be declared by the host nation and then verified (and reverified) by the IAEA in order to provide confidence in that declaration of a classified (or unclassified) inventory while protecting classified or sensitive information; and (2) that attributes … more
Date: December 31, 1998
Creator: Nicholas, N.J.; Fearey, B.L.; Puckett, J.M. & Tape, J.W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Information barrier functional requirements

Description: for the purpose of this paper, the authors have used the term functional requirement to indicate a required task rather than the recommended method for accomplishing this task. The creation of effective information barrier technology will proceed as a series of steps: (1) IB conceptual Description; (2) IB Functional Requirements (this document--ongoing); (3) IB hardware and software specification; (4) IB hardware and software construction; and (5) IB implementation. This functional requirements… more
Date: December 31, 1998
Creator: MacArthur, D. & Whiteson, R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

An integrated video- and weight-monitoring system for the surveillance of highly enriched uranium blend down operations

Description: An integrated video-surveillance and weight-monitoring system has been designed and constructed for tracking the blending down of weapons-grade uranium by the US Department of Energy. The instrumentation is being used by the International Atomic Energy Agency in its task of tracking and verifying the blended material at the Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant, Portsmouth, Ohio. The weight instrumentation developed at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory monitors and records the weight of cylinders … more
Date: November 1, 1998
Creator: Lenarduzzi, R.; Castleberry, K.; Whitaker, M. & Martinez, R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Nuclear Data Project Evaluation Activity Report

Description: This report summarizes the activities of the ORNL Nuclear Data Project since the IAEA Advisory Group meeting in October 1996. The group's future plans are also included.
Date: December 14, 1998
Creator: Akovali, Y. A.; Artna-Cohen, A.; Blackmon, J. C.; Radford, D.; Smith, M. S. & Yu, C. H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Automated Controlled-Potential Coulometer for the IAEA

Description: An automated controlled-potential coulometer has been developed at the Savannah River Site (SRS) for the determination of plutonium for use at the International Atomic Energy Agency`s (IAEA) Safeguards Analytical Laboratory in Siebersdorf, Austria. The system is functionally the same as earlier systems built for use at the Savannah River Site`s Analytical Laboratory. All electronic circuits and printed circuits boards have been upgraded with state-of-the-art components. A higher amperage potent… more
Date: January 29, 1998
Creator: Cordaro, J.V.; Holland, M.K. & Fields, T.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

IAEA Verification Experiment at the Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant

Description: In April 1996, the United States (US) added the Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant to the list of facilities eligible for the application of International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) safeguards. At that time, the US proposed that the IAEA carry out a Verification Experiment at the plant with respect to the downblending of about 13 metric tons of highly enriched uranium (HEU) in the form of UF{sub 6}. This material is part of the 226 metric tons of fissile material that President Clinton has dec… more
Date: August 1, 1998
Creator: Gordon, David M.; Subudhi, Mano; Calvert, O. Lynn; Bonner, Thomas N.; Adams, John G.; Cherry, Ronald C. et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Coincidence counter design for the assay of vitrified nuclear waste

Description: For the termination of nuclear safeguards and transfers to waste storage, the verification of the plutonium content in vitrified nuclear waste is required by international safeguards agreements. A novel design has been used to develop a coincidence counter for measuring vitrified nuclear waste. The authors have devised a method to measure the {sup 244}Cm content and to calculate the plutonium content from the curium-to-plutonium ratio. In order to provide unattended inspection, the counter is d… more
Date: December 31, 1998
Creator: Beddingfield, D. H.; Menlove, H. O.; Iwamoto, T. & Tomikawa, H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

The underwater coincidence counter (UWCC) for plutonium measurements in mixed oxide fuels

Description: The use of fresh uranium-plutonium mixed oxide (MOX) fuel in light-water reactors (LWR) is increasing in Europe and Japan and it is necessary to verify the plutonium content in the fuel for international safeguards purposes. The UWCC is a new instrument that has been designed to operate underwater and nondestructively measure the plutonium in unirradiated MOX fuel assemblies. The UWCC can be quickly configured to measure either boiling-water reactor (BWR) or pressurized-water reactor (PWR) fuel… more
Date: December 31, 1998
Creator: Eccleston, G. W.; Menlove, H. O.; Abhold, M.; Baker, M. & Pecos, J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Design impacts of safeguards and security requirements for a US MOX fuel fabrication facility

Description: The disposition of plutonium that is no longer required for the nation`s defense is being structured to mitigate risks associated with the material`s availability. In the 1997 Record of Decision, the US Government endorsed a dual-track approach that could employ domestic commercial reactors to effect the disposition of a portion of the plutonium in the form of mixed oxide (MOX) reactor fuels. To support this decision, the Office of Materials Disposition requested preparation of a document that … more
Date: December 31, 1998
Creator: Erkkila, B. H.; Rinard, P. M.; Thomas, K. E.; Zack, N. R. & Jaeger, C. D.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

U.S. Support Program tasks

Description: In the fall of 1993, President Clinton announced before the United Nations General Assembly, that the US would voluntarily offer excess fissile material of weapons origin to International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) safeguards. There are presently five US Support Program tasks at work. Three are complete, and two are underway. Reports are available from two of the completed SP-1s; a draft is in preparation for the third. These tasks are: (1) plutonium scrap multiplicity counter at Hanford; (2) … more
Date: September 1, 1998
Creator: Langner, D. G.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Use of information barriers to protect classified information

Description: This paper discusses the detailed requirements for an information barrier (IB) for use with verification systems that employ intrusive measurement technologies. The IB would protect classified information in a bilateral or multilateral inspection of classified fissile material. Such a barrier must strike a balance between providing the inspecting party the confidence necessary to accept the measurement while protecting the inspected party`s classified information. The authors discuss the struct… more
Date: December 31, 1998
Creator: MacArthur, D.; Johnson, M.W.; Nicholas, N.J. & Whiteson, R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Review of the International Atomic Energy Agency International database on reactor pressure vessel materials and US Nuclear Regulatory Commission/Oak Ridge National Laboratory embrittlement data base

Description: The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has supported neutron radiation effects information exchange through meetings and conferences since the mid-1960s. Through an International Working Group on Reliability of Reactor Pressure Components, information exchange and research activities were fostered through the Coordinated Research Program (CRP) sponsored by the IAEA. The final CRP meeting was held in November 1993, where it was recommended that the IAEA coordinate the development of an In… more
Date: February 1, 1998
Creator: Wang, J.A. & Kam, F.B.K.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

International Remote Monitoring Project Argentina nuclear power station remote monitoring system

Description: A remote monitoring system, designed to monitor spent fuel transfers from wet to dry storage, was installed at the Embalse Nuclear Power Station at Embalse, Argentina. The system consists of 6 gamma and one neutron radiation sensors. Five gamma sensors utilize RF transmission to communicate with Echelon nodes connected to a Local Operating Network (LON). One gamma and one neutron sensor are hardwired to the LON network. Each sensor Echelon node is bound to a single Datalogger that stores data u… more
Date: August 1, 1998
Creator: Schneider, S. L.; Lucero, R. & Glidewell, D.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

High-Temperature Engineering Test Reactor door valve monitor system

Description: This manual describes the detector design features, performance, and operating characteristics of the High-Temperature Engineering Test Reactor (HTTR) Door Valve Monitor System spent-fuel monitor. The HTTR Door Valve Monitor System (HDVM) is installed in the HTTR door valve to provide unattended monitoring data for the transfer of spent fuel through the door valve on the top of the reactor. The system includes a pair of detectors to provide direction of travel and redundancy. The fission produc… more
Date: June 1998
Creator: Menlove, H. O.; Abhold, M. E.; Beddingfield, D. H.; Kroncke, K. E.; Baca, J. & Nakagawa, S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Nuclear data for radiotherapy: Presentation of a new ICRU report and IAEA initiatives

Description: An ICRU report entitled ''Nuclear Data for neutron and Proton Radiotherapy and for Radiation Protection'' is in preparation. The present paper presents an overview of this report, along with examples of some of the results obtained for evaluated nuclear cross sections and kerma coefficients. These cross sections are evaluated using a combination of measured data and the GNASH nuclear model code for elements of importance for biological, dosimetric, beam modification and shielding purposes. In t… more
Date: September 1, 1998
Creator: Chadwick, M.B.; Jones, D.T.L. & Barschall, H.H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Non-intrusive long-term monitoring approaches

Description: In order to promote internatinal confidence that the US and Russia are disarming per their commitments under Article 6 of the Non-Proliferation Treaty, an international verification regime may be applied to US and Russian excess fissile materials. Initially, it is envisioned that this verification regime would be applied at storage facilities; however, it should be anticipated that the verificatino regime would continue throughout any material disposition activities, should such activities be p… more
Date: August 1, 1998
Creator: Smathers, D. & Mangan, D.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

International Physical Protection Advisory Service

Description: Since its inception in 1996, the purpose of the International Physical Protection Advisory Service (IPPAS) has been to provide advice and assistance to International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Member States on strengthening and enhancing the effectiveness of their state system of physical protection of nuclear materials and facilities. Since the protection of nuclear materials and facilities is a Member State`s responsibility, participation within the IPPAS program is voluntary. At the request… more
Date: August 1, 1998
Creator: Soo Hoo, M.S.; Ek, D.; Hageman, A.; Jenkin, T.; Price, C. & Weiss, B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Verification experiment on the downblending of high enriched uranium (HEU) at the Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant. Digital video surveillance of the HEU feed stations

Description: As part of a Safeguards Agreement between the US and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), the Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant, Piketon, Ohio, was added to the list of facilities eligible for the application of IAEA safeguards. Currently, the facility is in the process of downblending excess inventory of HEU to low enriched uranium (LEU) from US defense related programs for commercial use. An agreement was reached between the US and the IAEA that would allow the IAEA to conduct an i… more
Date: August 1, 1998
Creator: Martinez, R.L.; Tolk, K.; Whiting, N.; Castleberry, K. & Lenarduzzi, R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Proliferation Risk Characterization Model Prototype Model - User and Programmer Guidelines

Description: A model for the estimation of the risk of diversion of weapons-capable materials was developed. It represents both the threat of diversion and site vulnerability as a product of a small number of variables (two to eight), each of which can take on a small number (two to four) of qualitatively defined (but quantitatively implemented) values. The values of the overall threat and vulnerability variables are then converted to threat and vulnerability categories. The threat and vulnerability categor… more
Date: December 1, 1998
Creator: Dukelow, J. S. & Whitford, D.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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