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Analyses of Particulate Contaminants in Semiconductor Processing Fluids

Description: Particle contamination control is a critical issue for the semiconductor industry. In the near future, this industry will be concerned with the chemical identities of contaminant particles as small as 0.01 pm in size. Therefore, analytical techniques with both high chemical sensitivity and spatial resolution are required. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) provides excellent spatial resolution and yields structural and compositional information. It is rarely used, however, due to the diffic… more
Date: August 1998
Creator: Xu, Daxue
Item Type: Refine your search to only Thesis or Dissertation
Partner: UNT Libraries
open access

Solar power towers

Description: The high desert near Barstow, California, has witnessed the development of this country`s first two solar power towers. Solar One operated successfully from 1982 to 1988 and proved that power towers work efficiently to produce utility-scale power from sunlight. Solar Two was connected to the utility grid in 1996 and is operating today. Like its predecessor, Solar Two is rated at 10 megawatts. An upgrade of the Solar One plant, Solar Two demonstrates how solar energy can be stored in the form of… more
Date: April 1, 1998
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Solar Two

Description: Solar Two is a concentrating solar power plant that can supply electric power on demand to the local utility, Southern California Edison Company. It can do so because it operates not only during sunny parts of the day, but it can store enough thermal energy from the sun to operate during cloudy periods and after dark, for up to three hours, at its rated output of 10 megawatts (MW). For the first time ever, a utility scale solar power plant can supply electricity when the utility needs it most, … more
Date: April 1, 1998
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

SILICON CARBIDE JOINING. FINAL TOPICAL REPORT

Description: Future energy systems will be required to fire lower-grade fuels and meet higher energy conversion efficiencies than today's systems. The steam cycle used at present is limited to a maximum temperature of 550 C because above that, the stainless steel tubes deform and corrode excessively. To boost efficiency significantly, much higher working fluid temperatures are required. Although high-temperature alloys will suffice for the construction of these components in the near term, the greatest effi… more
Date: October 1, 1998
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

IMPROVED CORROSION RESISTANCE OF ALUMINA REFRACTORIES

Description: In order to increase the efficiency of advanced coal-fired power systems, higher working fluid temperatures must be reached. Some system surfaces will have to be protected by covering them with corrosion-resistant refractories. Corrosion is the degradation of the material surfaces or grain boundaries by chemical reactions with melts, liquids, or gases causing loss of material and consequently a decrease in strength of the structure. In order to develop methods of reducing corrosion, the microst… more
Date: October 1, 1998
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Innovative regulatory approach for synthetic-based muds.

Description: The oil and gas industry has historically used water-based muds (WBMs) and oil-based muds (OBMs) in offshore drilling operations. WBMs are less expensive and are widely used. Both the WBMs and the associated drill cuttings maybe discharged from the platform to the sea provided that U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) discharge limitations are met. In some wells, however, difficult drilling conditions may force a switch from a WBM to an OBM. Neither the OBM nor the associated drill cuttin… more
Date: October 22, 1998
Creator: Veil, J. A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Cryocooler applications for high-temperature superconductor magnetic bearings.

Description: The efficiency and stability of rotational magnetic suspension systems are enhanced by the use of high-temperature superconductor (HTS) magnetic bearings. Fundamental aspects of the HTS magnetic bearings and rotational magnetic suspension are presented. HTS cooling can be by liquid cryogen bath immersion or by direct conduction, and thus there are various applications and integration issues for cryocoolers. Among the numerous cryocooler aspects to be considered are installation; operating tempe… more
Date: May 22, 1998
Creator: Niemann, R. C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Imaging diffusion with non-uniform B{sub 1} gradients.

Description: Rotating-frame imaging with the mathematically well-defined, non-constant magnetic field gradient of toroid cavity detectors represents a new technique to evaluate diffusion in solids, fluids or mixed-phase systems. While conventional NMR methods to measure diffusion utilize constant magnetic field gradients and, therefore, constant k-space wave numbers across the sample volume, the hyperbolic B{sub 1} fields of toroid cavity detectors exhibit large ranges of wave numbers radially distributed a… more
Date: January 30, 1998
Creator: Woelk, K.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Thin-walled compliant plastic structures for meso-scale fluidic systems

Description: Thin-walled, compliant plastic structures for meso-scale fluidic systems were fabricated, tested and used to demonstrate valving, pumping, metering and mixing. These structures permit the isolation of actuators and sensors from the working fluid, thereby reducing chemical compatibility issues. The thin-walled, compliant plastic structures can be used in either a permanent, reusable system or as an inexpensive disposable for single-use assay systems. The implementation of valving, pumping, mixin… more
Date: December 29, 1998
Creator: Miles, R. R. & Schumann, D. L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Zircons and fluids: An experimental investigation with applications for radioactive waste storage. Final report, July 1, 1988--July 31, 1994

Description: The project objective was to develop a relationship between the stability of zircons (both natural and synthetic) with variable levels of radiation damage to fluids because of the clear relationship between enhanced solubility (leachability) and {alpha} - damage, our research was able to quantify this process. We also analyzed the mechanics of fractures induced due to both radiation and temperature enhanced stresses. Both objective were successfully carried out, and although details are availab… more
Date: May 1, 1998
Creator: Sinha, A.K.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

CO{sub 2} flux measurements across portions of the Dixie Valley geothermal system, Nevada

Description: A map of the CO{sub 2} flux across a newly formed area of plant kill in the NW part of the Dixie Valley geothermal system was constructed to monitor potential growth of a fumarole field. Flux measurements were recorded using a LI-COR infrared analyzer. Sample locations were restricted to areas within and near the dead zone. The data delineate two areas of high CO{sub 2} flux in different topographic settings. Older fumaroles along the Stillwater range front produce large volumes of CO{sub 2} at… more
Date: December 31, 1998
Creator: Bergfeld, Deborah; Goff, Fraser; Janik, Cathy J. & Johnson, Stuart D.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Simple model for linear and nonlinear mixing at unstable fluid interfaces with variable acceleration

Description: A simple model is described for predicting the time evolution of the half-width h of a planar mixing layer between two immiscible incompressible fluids driven by an arbitrary time-dependent variable acceleration history <i>a(l)</i>a (t): The model is based on a heuristic expression for the kinetic energy per unit area of the mixing layer. This expression is based on that for the kinetic energy of a linearly perturbed interface, but with a dynamically renormalized wavelength which becomes propor… more
Date: December 23, 1998
Creator: Ramshaw, J. D. & Rathkopf, J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Static properties and multiaxial strength criterion for design of composite automotive structures

Description: The Durability of Lightweight Composite Structures Project was established at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) by the US Department of Energy to provide the experimentally-based, durability-driven design guidelines necessary to assure long-term structural integrity of automotive composite components. The initial focus of the ORNL Durability Project was on one representative reference material -- an isocyanurate (polyurethane) reinforced with continuous strand, swirl-mat E-glass. The present… more
Date: November 1, 1998
Creator: Ruggles, M.B.; Yahr, G.T. & Battiste, R.L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Restored drill cuttings for wetlands creation: Results of a two year mesocosm approach to emulate field conditions under varying hydrologic regimes

Description: It is well documented that Louisiana has the highest rate of wetland loss in the United States. Deep-water channel dredging and leveeing of the Mississippi River since the 1930s have interrupted the natural delta cycle that builds new marshes through sediment deposition. Many of the areas that are subsiding and deteriorating are isolated from riverine sediment sources; therefore alternative methods to deposit sediment and build marshes must be implemented. This project demonstrates that the ear… more
Date: November 1, 1998
Creator: Shaffer, G.P.; Hester, M.W.; Miller, S.; DesRoches, D.J.; Souther, R.F.; Childers, G.W. et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Recent advances in lattice Boltzmann methods

Description: In this paper, the authors briefly present the basic principles of lattice Boltzmann method and summarize recent advances of the method, including the application of the lattice Boltzmann method for fluid flows in MEMS and simulation of the multiphase mixing and turbulence.
Date: December 31, 1998
Creator: Chen, S.; Doolen, G. D.; He, X.; Nie, X. & Zhang, R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Framework for a comparative environmental assessment of drilling fluids

Description: During the drilling of an oil or gas well, drilling fluid (or mud) is used to maintain well control and to remove drill cuttings from the hole. In response to effluent limitation guidelines promulgated by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for discharge of drilling wastes offshore, alternatives to water and oil-based muds have been developed. These synthetic-based muds (SBMs) are more efficient than water-based muds (WBMs) for drilling difficult and complex formation intervals and hav… more
Date: November 1, 1998
Creator: Meinhold, A.F.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Analysis of a micro-scale pump which uses controlled acoustic streaming for fluid locomotion

Description: In this report the analysis of a micro-scale pump is described. This micro-pump uses active control to produce a distributed body force in a fluid micro-channel. The desired effect of this body force is to drive fluid through the channel. Limitations, assumptions, and design parameters are discussed. The mathematical analysis of pump dynamics is explained in detail. A perturbation analysis is used on the equations of mass, momentum and state to produce equations of motion for first and second o… more
Date: January 1, 1998
Creator: Dohner, J. L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Energetics of melts from thermal diffusion studies. Final report

Description: Most processes in geology are a consequence at some level of the flow of energy or mass. Heat conduction and chemical diffusion are examples of two of these sorts of flows which are driven by temperature and chemical potential imbalances, respectively. In the general case these flows may be coupled so that, for instance, a temperature gradient may result in a flow of mass as well as heat. This effect in liquids was demonstrated by Soret (1879) and bears his name. In gases or solids the phenomen… more
Date: December 1, 1998
Creator: Lesher, C.E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Scouting tests to examine potential corrosion of aluminum alloy 2519 during fabrication

Description: Coupons of 2519 aluminum were exposed for three weeks in a variety of environments representative of those expected during fabrication of the advanced amphibious assault vehicle (AAAV). Specimens exposed to tap water developed very minor pitting and staining, while specimens exposed in high humidity air, water chaser, or machine cutting fluid revealed no detectable changes.
Date: August 1, 1998
Creator: Pawel, S.J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Plasma Sprayed Ni-Al Coatings for Safe Ending Heat Exchanger Tubes

Description: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) has developed thermally conductive composite liners for corrosion and scale protection in heat exchanger tubes exposed to geothermal brine. The liners cannot withstand roller expansion to connect the tubes to the tubesheet. It is not possible to line the ends of the tubes with the same material after roller expansion due to the nature of the current liner application process. It was requested that BNL evaluate plasma sprayed Ni-Al coatings for safe ending he… more
Date: November 1, 1998
Creator: Allen, M.L.; Berndt, C.C. & Otterson, D.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Final report on the design and development of a Rolling Float Meter for drilling-fluid outflow measurement

Description: Lost circulation, which is the loss of well drilling fluids to the formation while drilling, is a common problem encountered while drilling geothermal wells. The rapid detection of the loss of well drilling fluids is critical to the successful and cost-effective treatment of the wellbore to stop or minimize lost circulation. Sandia National Laboratories has developed an instrument to accurately measure the outflow rate of drilling fluids while drilling. This instrument, the Rolling Float Meter,… more
Date: March 1, 1998
Creator: Staller, G. E.; Westmoreland, J. J.; Whitlow, G. L.; Wright, E. K. & Glowka, D. A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Rulison Site groundwater monitoring report. Fourth quarter, October 1997--December 1997

Description: This report summarizes the results of the fourth quarter 1997 groundwater sampling event for the Rulison Site, which is located approximately 65 kilometers (km) (40 miles [mi]) northeast of Grand Junction, Colorado. This is the eighth and final sampling event of a quarterly groundwater monitoring program implemented by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). This program monitored the effectiveness of remediation of a drilling effluent pond that had been used to store drilling mud during drilling … more
Date: February 1, 1998
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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