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Artificial Intelligence in Health Care: Benefits and Challenges of Machine Learning Technologies for Medical Diagnostics

Description: Report discussing currently available machine learning (ML) medical diagnostic technologies for five selected diseases, emerging ML medical diagnostic technologies, challenges affecting the development and adoption of ML technologies for medical diagnosis, and policy options to help address challenges in the use of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in health care (Part One). Part Two presents a framework for evaluating and promoting provider adoption of new AI-assisted diagnostic decisi… more
Date: September 2022
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Budget Issues: Key Questions to Consider When Evaluating Balances in Federal Accounts

Description: A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "Carryover balances in fiscal year 2012 were $2.2 trillion, of which about $800 billion had not yet been obligated. Answering key questions during review of carryover balances provides insights into why a balance exists, what size balance is appropriate, and what opportunities (if any) for savings exist. Given that a single account may support a single program or multiple programs--or that multiple accou… more
Date: September 30, 2013
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Civil Support: Actions Are Needed to Improve DOD's Planning for a Complex Catastrophe

Description: A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "U.S. Northern Command (NORTHCOM) and U.S. Pacific Command (PACOM) are updating their existing civil support plans to include a complex catastrophe scenario, as directed by the Secretary of Defense and the Joint Staff. However, the commands are delaying the identification of capabilities that could be provided to execute the plans until the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), the lead federal res… more
Date: September 30, 2013
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Defense Health Care: Evaluation of TRICARE Pharmacy Services Contract Structure Is Warranted

Description: A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "The Department of Defense (DOD) used various methods to identify needed changes to requirements for its upcoming pharmacy services contract. During acquisition planning for the upcoming TRICARE pharmacy services contract, DOD solicited feedback from industry through its market research process to align the contract requirements with industry best practices and promote competition. For example, DOD issue… more
Date: September 30, 2013
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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DHS Financial Management: Additional Efforts Needed to Resolve Deficiencies in Internal Controls and Financial Management Systems

Description: A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has made considerable progress toward obtaining a clean opinion on its financial statements but limited progress in obtaining a clean opinion on its internal control over financial reporting. DHS continues to rely on compensating controls and complex manual work-arounds rather than sound internal control over financial reporting and effective financial managemen… more
Date: September 30, 2013
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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District of Columbia Opportunity Scholarship Program: Actions Needed to Address Weaknesses in Administration and Oversight

Description: A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "The DC Children and Youth Investment Trust Corporation (the Trust) provides information to prospective and current families of children participating in the District of Columbia (the District) Opportunity Scholarship Program (OSP) through a variety of outreach activities. To reach prospective OSP families, the Trust advertises through print, radio, and bus ads, as well as in newspapers and flyers posted… more
Date: September 30, 2013
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Federal User Fees: Fee Design Options and Implications for Managing Revenue Instability

Description: A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "GAO identified six key fee design decisions related to how fees are set, used, and reviewed that, in the aggregate, enable Congress to design fees that strike the desired balance between agency flexibility and congressional control. For example, narrowly limiting the activities for which fees may be used heightens congressional control over the funds; however, doing so can also reduce an agency's flexib… more
Date: September 30, 2013
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Health Care Fraud and Abuse Control Program: Indicators Provide Information on Program Accomplishments, but Assessing Program Effectiveness is Difficult

Description: A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "In fiscal year 2012, the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), HHS Office of Inspector General (HHS-OIG), and the Department of Justice (DOJ) obligated approximately $583.6 million to fund Health Care Fraud and Abuse Control (HCFAC) program activities. About 78 percent of obligated funds were from mandatory HCFAC appropriations (budgetary resources provided in laws other than appropriation acts… more
Date: September 30, 2013
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Health Care Workforce: HRSA Action Needed to Publish Timely National Supply and Demand Projections

Description: A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "Since 2008, the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) within the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) has awarded five contracts to research organizations to update national workforce projections, but HRSA has failed to publish any new reports containing projections. As a result, the most recent projections from HRSA available to Congress and others to inform health care workforce… more
Date: September 30, 2013
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Medicaid Managed Care: Use of Limited Benefit Plans to Provide Mental Health Services and Efforts to Coordinate Care

Description: A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "Thirteen states reported that in fiscal year 2012 they paid a total of about $5.6 billion to limited benefit plans to provide mental health services to about 4.4 million adult Medicaid beneficiaries. States can enroll different populations--such as adults who are blind, disabled, or have developmental disabilities--in limited benefit plans, which could contribute to the variation in the number of adults… more
Date: September 30, 2013
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Nuclear Terrorism Response Plans: Major Cities Could Benefit from Federal Guidance on Responding to Nuclear and Radiological Attacks

Description: A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "Many emergency managers from the 27 major cities responding to GAO's questionnaire, although not all, reported that their city had assessed the risks of a terrorist attack using a radiological dispersal device (RDD) or improvised nuclear device (IND) and had ranked the risk of these attacks as lower than the risk of other hazards they face. Also, 11 of the 27 reported that they had completed RDD respons… more
Date: September 30, 2013
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Department of Homeland Security: Opportunities Exist to Enhance Visibility over Collaborative Field Mechanisms

Description: A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "Opportunities exist for the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to enhance its visibility over collaborative field mechanisms (i.e., multiagency groups such as task forces, committees, and teams that enhance stakeholder collaboration to more effectively and efficiently achieve their missions) established by component agencies. DHS, at the departmental level, has limited visibility over the universe an… more
Date: September 27, 2013
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Great Lakes Restoration Initiative: Further Actions Would Result in More Useful Assessments and Help Address Factors That Limit Progress

Description: A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "The Task Force agencies use the Action Plan to implement the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI) and use an interagency process to enter into agreements among themselves to identify GLRI projects and with other stakeholders to implement GLRI projects. The Action Plan includes guidance for implementing the GLRI in five focus areas (such as invasive species and habitat and wildlife protection and re… more
Date: September 27, 2013
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Nuclear Power: Analysis of Regional Differences and Improved Access to Information Could Strengthen NRC Oversight

Description: A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) relies on its staff's professional judgment in implementing its processes for overseeing the safety of U.S. commercial nuclear power reactors. In implementing this oversight, NRC allocates specific roles and responsibilities to resident inspectors assigned to each plant, regional officials at one of four regional offices responsible for most oversight activities, … more
Date: September 27, 2013
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Farm Programs: Changes Are Needed to Eligibility Requirements for Being Actively Involved in Farming

Description: A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "Compliance reviews conducted by the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Farm Service Agency (FSA) to determine if farming operation members (individuals and entities) meet the payment requirements for being actively engaged in farming are hindered by broad and subjective requirements and difficulty in verifying individuals' evidence of claimed contributions. To be actively engaged in farming, an individual… more
Date: September 26, 2013
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Federal Information Security: Mixed Progress in Implementing Program Components; Improved Metrics Needed to Measure Effectiveness

Description: A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "In fiscal year 2012, 24 major federal agencies had established many of the components of an information security program required by The Federal Information Security Management Act of 2002 (FISMA); however, they had partially established others. FISMA requires each federal agency to establish an information security program that incorporates eight key components, and each agency inspector general to ann… more
Date: September 26, 2013
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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IRS 2014 Budget: Improvements Made to Budget Request and Cost Estimate, but Further Actions Needed

Description: A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "For the fiscal year 2014 budget formulation process, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) implemented a new process that uses templates to help screen, prioritize, and select new initiatives before detailed business cases are developed to support funding requests. The template information that GAO reviewed varied in detail and scope; for some, IRS guidance may have contributed to incomplete submissions to… more
Date: September 26, 2013
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Native American Veterans: DOL Needs a Clear Plan to Improve Employment and Training Services on Tribal Lands

Description: A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "The Department of Labor (DOL) is in the early stages of implementing several of the 2010 report's recommendations, but implementation of the remaining recommendations has not occurred. The agency has begun to take steps to respond to three of the report's six recommendations: improve interagency collaboration, create an advisory subcommittee for Native American veterans, and conduct a needs assessment. … more
Date: September 26, 2013
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Prepositioned Stocks: Inconsistencies in DOD's Annual Report Underscore the Need for Overarching Strategic Guidance and Joint Oversight

Description: A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "The Department of Defense (DOD) provided information on all 12 required reporting elements in its fiscal year 2012 prepositioning report; however, 3 of these elements were only partially addressed. For example, DOD provided a list of non-standard items slated for inclusion in its prepositioned stocks but did not include a specific plan for funding those items as required by the law. Federal internal con… more
Date: September 26, 2013
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Public Transit: Transit Agencies' Use of Contracting to Provide Service

Description: A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "Contracting is a prevalent means of providing transit services. About 61 percent of the 463 transit agencies responding to GAO's survey reported they contract out some or all operations and services, while the rest reported that they do not contract out at all. According to GAO's survey, paratransit (services for the disabled), demand response (also known as dial-a-ride), and commuter rail service are m… more
Date: September 26, 2013
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Central America: U.S. Agencies Considered Various Factors in Funding Security Activities, but Need to Assess Progress in Achieving Interagency Objectives

Description: A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "Since fiscal year 2008, U.S. agencies allocated over $1.2 billion in funding for Central America Regional Security Initiative (CARSI) activities and non-CARSI funding that supports CARSI goals. As of June 1, 2013, the Department of State (State) and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) obligated at least $463 million of the close to $495 million in allocated funding for CARSI a… more
Date: September 25, 2013
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Combating Terrorism: DHS Should Take Action to Better Ensure Resources Abroad Align with Priorities

Description: A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) carries out a variety of programs and activities abroad within its areas of expertise that could have the effect of thwarting terrorists and their plots while also combating other categories of transnational crime, and DHS expended approximately $451 million on programs and activities abroad in fiscal year 2012. For example, through the Visa Security Program, DH… more
Date: September 25, 2013
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Community Policing Hiring Grants: Grant Application and Monitoring Processes Could Be Improved to Further Ensure Grantees Advance Community Policing

Description: A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "Nearly half of the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS) Hiring Program (CHP) funding from fiscal years 2008 through 2012 was awarded to grantees in six states, and award amounts varied considerably in certain years. During this period, state, county, and city law enforcement agencies nationwide received CHP grant awards to hire or rehire officers to advance community policing, with 48 p… more
Date: September 25, 2013
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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