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Public/private sector cooperation to promote industrial energy efficiency: Allied partners and the US Department of Energy

Since 1996, the US Department of Energy's Office of Industrial Technologies (USDOE) has been involved in a unique voluntary collaboration with industry called the Allied Partner program. Initially developed under the Motor Challenge program, the partnership concept continues as a central element of USDOE's BestPractices, which in 2001 integrated all of USDOE's near-term industrial program offerings including those in motors, compressed air, pump, fan, process heating and steam systems. Partners… more

Date: May 18, 2003

Creator: McKane, Aimee; Cockrill, Chris; Tutterow, Vestal & Radspieler, Anthony

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Beam cooling: Principles and achievements

After a discussion of Liouville's theorem, and its implications for beam cooling, a brief description is given of each of the various methods of beam cooling: stochastic, electron, radiation, laser, ionization, etc. For each, we present the type of particle for which it is appropriate, its range of applicability, and the currently achieved degree of cooling. For each method we also discuss the present applications and, also, possible future developments and further applications.