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Biological Production of Ethanol From Coal

Description: The fermentation pH has been observed to be the key parameter affecting the ratio of ethanol to acetate produced by Clostridium ljungdahlii. The effects of controlled pH on cell growth and product formation by C. ljungdahlii were measured. It was found that cell concentration and acetate concentration increased with pH, while the ethanol concentration was highest at the lower pH. The molar product ratio of ethanol to acetate was 0.74 at pH 4.0, 0.39 at pH 4.5 and 0.12 at pH 5.0. Future experime… more
Date: January 1, 1990
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Biological Production of Ethanol From Coal

Description: Research is continuing in an attempt to increase both the ethanol concentration and product ratio using C. ljungdahlii. The purpose of this report is to present data utilizing a medium prepared especially for C. ljungdahlii. Medium development studies are presented, as well as reactor studies with the new medium in batch reactors. CSTRs and CSTRs with cell recycle. The use of this new medium has resulted in significant improvements in cell concentration, ethanol concentration and product ratio.
Date: January 1, 1992
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Preliminary economic evaluation of a process for the production of fuel grade ethanol by enzymatic hydrolysis of an agricultural waste

Description: This study concerns the preliminary economic feasibility of a process for converting agricultural waste (wheat straw) to fuel grade ethanol through enzymatic hydrolysis. A preliminary design for the process was developed on the basis of research concepts described in the literature. The base case design is for a 25 million gal/yr plant for 95 vol % ethanol from wheat straw. The preliminary design included material and energy balances and major equipment specifications and sizing, which in turn … more
Date: January 1, 1978
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Biological Production of Ethanol From Coal

Description: A batch kinetic study involving Clostridium lungdahlii in a mineral medium was carried out in order to provide baseline data for the effects of nutrients on product ratio and kinetics. The use of this minimal medium containing vitamins, minerals, select amino acids and salts showed both a lower maximum specific growth rate and a lower maximum specific uptake rate than found when using a complex medium supplemented with 0.01% yeast extract. At the same time, the product ratio was improved slight… more
Date: January 1, 1990
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Biological Production of Ethanol From Coal

Description: Previous results have shown that the yeast extract concentration and the medium pH significantly affect the ratio of ethanol to acetate in the product stream when fermenting CO, CO{sub 2} and H{sub 2} in synthesis gas to products by Clostridium ljungdahlii. Further experimentation has demonstrated the impact of eliminating yeast extract from the medium (except for the slight quantity transferred with the inoculm), especially when coupled with low pH. An ethanol to acetate product ratio of 4.0 w… more
Date: January 1, 1990
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Biological Production of Ethanol From Coal

Description: The effects of temperature on the growth and uptake of CO by C. ljundahlii were studied in batch culture. A maximum specific growth rate of 0.095h{sup {minus}1} was found at 37{degrees}C, a normal optimum temperature for the growth of anaerobic bacteria. A maximum specific uptake rate of 0.0095 mmol/mg{center dot}h was found at a slightly higher temperature of 40{degrees}C. CSTR studies were carried out measuring the effects of agitation rate on culture performance. As expected, growth was best… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Biological Production of Ethanol From Coal

Description: Previous results have shown that the medium pH, the composition of the medium and concentration of medium constituents significantly affect the ratio of ethanol to acetate in the product stream when fermenting CO, CO{sub 2} and H{sub 2} in synthesis gas to products by Clostridium ljungdahlii. An additional batch study was carried out varying the agitation rate at pH 4, 4.5 and 5.0. It was speculated that increased agitation rates in combination with low pH might result in increased ethanol prod… more
Date: January 1, 1990
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Multifuel reformer R D

Description: The on-board fuel for fuel cell powered vehicles may be one or more of hydrogen, methanol, ethanol, natural gas, propane, or other liquified petroleum gases. To use hydrogen as the fuel, suitable means of storing, and subsequently delivering, adequate quantities of the gas must be developed. For all other fuels suitable reformers must be developed to convert the fuel to hydrogen or a hydrogen-rich gas mixture at rates corresponding to the varying power demand rates of the automotive system; thi… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Kumar, R. & Ahmed, S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Bioconversion of plant biomass to ethanol. First bimonthly and quarterly report

Description: Research progress is reported in the development of an all-biological two-stage process for converting plant biomass into ethanol. The first stage will consist of a high-solids biomass pretreatment with a thermo-tolerant mold to remove sufficient lignin to make the cellulose available for saccharification. The second stage consists of a mixed culture fermentation and ethanol production using a thermo-tolerant anaerobic sporocytophaga to hydrolyze cellulose and a compatible thermo-tolerant bacil… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Biological Production of Ethanol From Coal

Description: Previously studies have shown the importance of both medium composition and concentration and medium pH on ethanol production of Clostridium ljungdahlii in fermenting CO, CO{sub 2} and H{sub 2} in synthesis gas. Four additional batch experiments involving medium composition and concentration were carried out in modified basal medium without yeast extract at pH 4.0. These experiments indicate that basal medium with only small amounts of B-vitamins can yield significant cell growth while yielding… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Biological Production of Ethanol From Coal

Description: Two batch and one continuous reactor study involving Clostridium ljungdahlii were carried out. First, the effects of H{sub 2} partial pressure on growth, CO and H{sub 2} uptake and product formation by C. ljungdahlii were investigated in batch culture. Over the concentration range studied, it was observed that CO was preferentially utilized in favor of H{sub 2}. It was also seen that increasing H{sub 2} partial pressures increased the ratio of ethanol to acetate. Finally, a two-stage CSTR syste… more
Date: January 1, 1989
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Biological Production of Ethanol From Coal

Description: Research is continuing in attempting to increase both the ethanol concentration and product ratio from the C. ljungdahlii fermentation. Both batch and continuous reactors are being used for this purpose. The purpose of this report is four-fold. First, the data presented in PETC Report No. 2-4-91 (June--September 1991) are analyzed and interpreted using normalized specific growth and production rates. This technique eliminates experimental variation due to the differences in inoculum history. Se… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Alcohol fuel use: Implications for atmospheric levels of aldehydes, organic nitrates, pans, and peroxides: Separating sources using carbon isotopes

Description: We have developed DiNitroPhenylHydrazone (DNPH) derivatization--high performance liquid chromatographic methods for measuring aldehydes in ambient samples with detection limits of approximately 1ppbV. These methods can be used for air or precipitation studies, and have been used for indoor measurements at much higher levels using shorter integration times. We are using gas chromatographs with electron capture detection (GCECD) to measure ambient levels of peroxyacyl nitrates and organic nitrate… more
Date: January 1, 1988
Creator: Gaffney, J.S. & Tanner, R.L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Mixed waste paper to ethanol fuel

Description: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the use of mixed waste paper for the production of ethanol fuels and to review the available conversion technologies, and assess developmental status, current and future cost of production and economics, and the market potential. This report is based on the results of literature reviews, telephone conversations, and interviews. Mixed waste paper samples from residential and commercial recycling programs and pulp mill sludge provided by Weyerhauser w… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Performance of the thermodynamic properties models in ASPEN. [Freon 12 and Freon 22]

Description: In the course of performing a number of analyses using ASPEN, the performance of the ASPEN models for computing thermodynamic properties has been observed. Pure-component properties for propane, isobutane, Freon 12 and Freon 22 and mixture properties for the propane-isobutane and the ethanol-water systems have been computed and the results compared with available data sources and with independent sources of computed properties. The built-in data regression system (DRS) of ASPEN was used to regr… more
Date: January 1, 1982
Creator: Fish, L.W. & Evans, D.R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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1990 Washington State Directory of Biomass Energy Facilities

Description: This second edition is an update of biomass energy production and use in Washington State for 1989. The purpose of this directory is to provide a listing of known biomass users within the state and some basic information about their facilities. The data can be helpful to persons or organizations considering the use of biomass fuels. The directory is divided into three sections of biomass facilities with each section containing a map of locations and a data summary table. In addition, a conversi… more
Date: January 1, 1990
Creator: Deshaye, J. A. & Kerstetter, J. D.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Search for a bridge to the energy future: Proceedings

Description: The alarming effects, concerns, and even the insights into long-range energy planning that grew out of the OPEC oil embargo of 1973 are fading from the view of a shortsighted public. The enthusiastic initiatives taken in many countries for the development of alternative energy sources have withered due to lack of economic and/or ideological incentive. The events since December 1985, when the members of OPEC decided to increase production in an effort to capture their share of market, have broug… more
Date: January 1, 1986
Creator: Saluja, S.S. (ed.)
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Consumptive water use in the production of ethanonl and petroleum gasoline.

Description: The production of energy feedstocks and fuels requires substantial water input. Not only do biofuel feedstocks like corn, switchgrass, and agricultural residues need water for growth and conversion to ethanol, but petroleum feedstocks like crude oil and oil sands also require large volumes of water for drilling, extraction, and conversion into petroleum products. Moreover, in many cases, crude oil production is increasingly water dependent. Competing uses strain available water resources and ra… more
Date: January 30, 2009
Creator: Wu, M.; Mintz, M.; Wang, M.; Arora, S. & Systems, Energy
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Fuel-cycle assessment of selected bioethanol production.

Description: A large amount of corn stover is available in the U.S. corn belt for the potential production of cellulosic bioethanol when the production technology becomes commercially ready. In fact, because corn stover is already available, it could serve as a starting point for producing cellulosic ethanol as a transportation fuel to help reduce the nation's demand for petroleum oil. Using the data available on the collection and transportation of corn stover and on the production of cellulosic ethanol, w… more
Date: January 31, 2007
Creator: Wu, M.; Wang, M.; Hong, H. & Systems, Energy
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Improved Biorefinery for the Production of Ethanol, Chemicals, Animal Feed and Biomaterials From Sugar Cane

Description: The Audubon Sugar Institute (ASI) of Louisiana State University’s Agricultural Center (LSU AgCenter) and MBI International (MBI) sought to develop technologies that will lead to the development of a sugar-cane biorefinery, capable of supplying fuel ethanol from bagasse. Technology development focused on the conversion of bagasse, cane-leaf matter (CLM) and molasses into high value-added products that included ethanol, specialty chemicals, biomaterials and animal feed; i.e. a sugar cane-based bi… more
Date: January 29, 2009
Creator: Day, Donal F.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Analysis of Metabolic Pathways and Fluxes in a Newly Discovered Thermophilic and Ethanol-Tolerant Geobacillus Strain

Description: A recently discovered thermophilic bacterium, Geobacillus thermoglucosidasius M10EXG, ferments a range of C5 (e.g., xylose) and C6 sugars (e.g., glucose) and istolerant to high ethanol concentrations (10percent, v/v). We have investigated the central metabolism of this bacterium using both in vitro enzyme assays and 13C-based flux analysis to provide insights into the physiological properties of this extremophile and explore its metabolism for bio-ethanol or other bioprocess applications. Our f… more
Date: January 20, 2009
Creator: Tang, Yinjie J.; Sapra, Rajat; Joyner, Dominique; Hazen, Terry C.; Myers, Samuel; Reichmuth, David et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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