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Assessment of the need for dual indoor/outdoor warning systems and enhanced tone alert technologies in the Chemical Stockpile Emergency Preparedness Program

Description: The need for a dual indoor/outdoor warning system as recommended by the program guidance and Alert and Notification (A N) standard for the Chemical Stockpile Emergency Preparedness Program is analyzed in this report. Under the current program standards, the outdoor warning system consists of omnidirectional sirens and the new indoor system would be an enhanced tone alert (TA) radio system. This analysis identifies various tone-alert technologies, distribution options, and alternative siren conf… more
Date: May 1, 1992
Creator: Sorensen, J.H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Teratology studies of lewisite and sulfur mustard agents: Effects of lewisite in rats and rabbits: Final report

Description: Lewisite was administered to rats and rabbits by intragastric intubation. Maternal animals were weighed periodically, and, at necropsy (20 dg (days of gestation) in rats and 30 dg in rabbits), were examined for gross lesions of major organs and reproductive performances; live fetuses were weighed and examined for external, internal and skeletal defect. In rats, a dose level of 1.5 mg/kg did not induce toxic or teratogenic responses in maternal and fetal body weights and a significant reduction … more
Date: December 31, 1987
Creator: Hackett, P L; Sasser, L B; Rommereim, R L; Cushing, J A; Buschbom, R L & Kalkwarf, D R
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

External Second Gate-Fourier Transform Ion Mobility Spectrometry.

Description: Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is recognized as one of the most sensitive and versatile techniques for the detection of trace levels of organic vapors. IMS is widely used for detecting contraband narcotics, explosives, toxic industrial compounds and chemical warfare agents. Increasing threat of terrorist attacks, the proliferation of narcotics, Chemical Weapons Convention treaty verification as well as humanitarian de-mining efforts has mandated that equal importance be placed on the analysis … more
Date: January 1, 2005
Creator: Tarver, Edward E., III
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Understanding communication in counterterrorism crisis management.

Description: This report describes the purpose and results of the two-year, Sandia-sponsored Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project entitled Understanding Communication in Counterterrorism Crisis Management The purpose of this project was to facilitate the capture of key communications among team members in simulated training exercises, and to learn how to improve communication in that domain. The first section of this document details the scenario development aspects of the simulation.… more
Date: October 1, 2004
Creator: Djordjevich, Donna D.; Barr, Pamela K.; Arnold, Jason Darrel; Johnson, Michael M.; Sa, Timothy J.; Hawley, Marilyn F. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Nanoporous-carbon adsorbers for chemical microsensors.

Description: Chemical microsensors rely on partitioning of airborne chemicals into films to collect and measure trace quantities of hazardous vapors. Polymer sensor coatings used today are typically slow to respond and difficult to apply reproducibly. The objective of this project was to produce a durable sensor coating material based on graphitic nanoporous-carbon (NPC), a new material first studied at Sandia, for collection and detection of volatile organic compounds (VOC), toxic industrial chemicals (TIC… more
Date: November 1, 2004
Creator: Overmyer, Donald L.; Siegal, Michael P.; Staton, Alan W.; Provencio, Paula Polyak & Yelton, William Graham
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Draft Guidance: Response, Remediation, and Recovery Checklist for Chemically Contaminated Facilities

Description: A key part of preparedness in the event of a chemical warfare agent (CWA) or toxic industrial chemical (TIC) release at a large facility, such as an airport or subway, is to develop a concept of operations that allows for an effective incident response and recovery. This document is intended as a component of the concept of operations and will be used in the Emergency Operations Center (EOC) as a decision tool for the Unified Command (UC). The Checklist for Facility Response, Remediation, and R… more
Date: September 4, 2007
Creator: Raber, E.; Mancieri, S.; Carlsen, T.; Fish, C.; Hirabayashi-Dethier, J.; Intrepido, A. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Reevaluation of 1999 Health-Based Environmental Screening Levels (HBESLs) for Chemical Warfare Agents

Description: This report evaluates whether new information and updated scientific models require that changes be made to previously published health-based environmental soil screening levels (HBESLs) and associated environmental fate/breakdown information for chemical warfare agents (USACHPPM 1999). Specifically, the present evaluation describes and compares changes that have been made since 1999 to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) risk assessment models, EPA exposure assumptions, as well as to sp… more
Date: May 1, 2007
Creator: Watson, Annetta Paule & Dolislager, Fredrick G
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

A Risk-Based Sensor Placement Methodology

Description: A sensor placement methodology is proposed to solve the problem of optimal location of sensors or detectors to protect population against the exposure to and effects of known and/or postulated chemical, biological, and/or radiological threats. Historical meteorological data are used to characterize weather conditions as wind speed and direction pairs with the percentage of occurrence of the pairs over the historical period. The meteorological data drive atmospheric transport and dispersion mode… more
Date: August 1, 2006
Creator: Lee, Ronald W. & Kulesz, James J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

PINS Testing and Modification for Explosive Identification

Description: The INL's Portable Isotopic Neutron Spectroscopy System (PINS)1 non-intrusively identifies the chemical fill of munitions and sealed containers. PINS is used routinely by the U.S. Army, the Defense Threat Reduction Agency, and foreign military units to determine the contents of munitions and other containers suspected to contain explosives, smoke-generating chemicals, and chemical warfare agents such as mustard and nerve gas. The objects assayed with PINS range from softball-sized M139 chemical… more
Date: September 1, 2011
Creator: Seabury, E. H. & Caffrey, A. J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program

Description: As part of the Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program mandated by Public Law 99--145 (Department of Defense Authorization Act), an independent review is presented of the US Army Phase I environmental report for the disposal program at the Pine Bluff Arsenal (PBA) in Arkansas. The Phase I report addressed new and additional concerns not incorporated in the final programmatic environmental impact statement (FPEIS). Those concerns were addressed by examining site-specific data for the PBA and by reco… more
Date: October 1, 1990
Creator: Krummel, J. R.; Policastro, A. J.; Olshansky, S. J. & McGinnis, L. D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

The 1991 Department of the Army Service Response Force exercise: Procedural Guide SRFX-91

Description: This procedural guide was written to assist the US Army in planning for a chemical emergency exercise at Tooele Army Depot in Utah. The roles of various members of the emergency response community are described for various accident scenarios, and the relationships between the various responders are identified. For the June 1991 exercise at Tooele, the emergency response community includes the command structure at Tooele Army Depot; the US Army Service Response Force and other Department of Defe… more
Date: September 1, 1991
Creator: Madore, M. A.; Thomson, R. S.; Haffenden, R. A.; Baldwin, T. E. & Meleski, S. A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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General guidelines for medically screening mixed population groups potentially exposed to nerve or vesicant agents

Description: A number of state and local planners have requested guidance on screening protocols and have expressed interest in sampling body fluids from exposed or potentially exposed individuals as a means of estimating agent dose. These guidelines have been developed to provide a clear statement that could be used by state and local emergency response personnel in the event of a nerve or vesicant agent incident resulting in off-post contamination; maximum protection from harm is the goal. The assumption … more
Date: January 1, 1992
Creator: Watson, A.P.; Munro, N.B. (Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States)); Sidell, F.R. (Army Medical Research Inst. of Chemical Defense, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD (United States)) & Leffingwell, S.S. (Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA (United States). Center for Environmental Health and Injury Control)
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Estimated General Population Control Limits for Unitary Agents in Drinking Water, Milk, Soil, and Unprocessed Food Items

Description: In the event of an unplanned release of chemical agent during any stage of the Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program (CSDP), the potential exists for contamination of drinking water, forage crops, grains, garden produce, and livestock. Persistent agents such as VX or sulfur mustard pose the greatest human health concern for reentry. This White Paper has been prepared to provide technical bases for these decisions by developing working estimates of agent control limits in selected environmental me… more
Date: January 1, 1992
Creator: Watson, A. P.; Adams, J. D.; Cerar, R. J.; Hess, T. L.; Kistner, S. L.; Leffingwell, S. S. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Disposal of chemical agents and munitions stored at Pine Bluff Arsenal, Pine Bluff, Arkansas

Description: The Pine Bluff Arsenal (PBA) near Pine Bluff, Arkansas, is one of eight continental United States (CONUS) Army installations where lethal unitary chemical agents and munitions are stored and where destruction of agents and munitions is proposed under the Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program (CSDP). The chemical agent inventory at PBA consists of approximately 12%, by weight, of the total US stockpile. The destruction of the stockpile is necessary to eliminate the risk to the public from continue… more
Date: September 1, 1991
Creator: Ensminger, J. T.; Hillsman, E. L.; Johnson, R. D.; Morrisey, J. A.; Staub, W. P.; Boston, C. R. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Preliminary assessment of risk from toxic materials that might be mobilized in the decommissioning of Aberdeen Proving Ground Building E5032

Description: Aberdeen Proving Ground Building E5032 is scheduled for decommissioning, that is, for demolition. Because the building was formerly used for small-scale operations with incendiary and toxic chemical agents, it presents unusual concerns for occupational and public health safety during the demolition. For this reason, an anticipatory risk assessment was conducted, taking into consideration the building's history, properties of potential residual contaminants (particularly chemical and incendiary … more
Date: December 1, 1991
Creator: Rosenblatt, D. H. & Brubaker, K. L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Acute Environmental Toxicity and Persistence of DEM, a Chemical Agent Simulant: Diethyl Malonate. [Diethyl Malonate]

Description: The purpose of the following chemical simulant studies is to assess the potential acute environmental effects and persistence of diethyl malonate (DEM). Deposition velocities for DEM to soil surfaces ranged from 0.04 to 0.2 cm/sec. For foliar surfaces, deposition velocities ranged from 0.0002 cm/sec at low air concentrations to 0.05 cm/sec for high dose levels. The residence times or half-lives of DEM deposited to soils was 2 h for the fast component and 5 to 16 h for the residual material. DEM… more
Date: May 1990
Creator: Cataldo, Dominic A.; Ligotke, Michael W.; Harvey, Scott D.; Fellows, Robert J.; Li, Shu-mei W.; Van Voris, Peter et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

An assessment of nondestructive testing technologies for chemical weapons monitoring

Description: The US Department of Energy (DOE), with the US Army Chemical Research, Development and Engineering Center (CRDEC) under the sponsorship of the Defense Nuclear Agency (DNA), completed testing of Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) technology on live agent systems. The tests were conducted at Tooele Army Depot during August 1992. The Nondestructive Evaluation systems were tested for potential use in verifying chemical treaty requirements. Five technologies, two neutron and three acoustic, were develo… more
Date: May 1, 1993
Creator: Taylor, T. T.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Protocol for determination of chemical warfare agent simulant movement through porous media

Description: In the event of an unplanned release of chemical warfare agent during any phase of the Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program (CSDP), a (small) potential exists for contamination of buildings and materials used in their construction. Guidelines for unrestricted access to potentially agent-contaminated private and public property are presently undefined due to uncertainties regarding the adequacy of decontaminating porous surfaces such as wood, masonry and gypsum wall board. Persistent agents such … more
Date: July 1, 1992
Creator: Jenkins, R.A.; Buchanan, M.V.; Merriweather, R.; Ilgner, R.H.; Gayle, T.M.; Moneyhun, J.H. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program

Description: As part of the Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program mandated by Public Law 99--145 (Department of Defense Authorization Act), an independent review is presented of the US Army Phase I environmental report for the disposal program at the Umatilla Depot Activity (UMDA) in Hermiston, Oregon. The Phase I report addressed new and additional concerns not incorporated in the final programmatic environmental impact statement (FPEIS). Those concerns were addressed by examining site-specific data for the … more
Date: October 1, 1990
Creator: Krummel, J. R.; Policastro, A. J.; Olshansky, S. J. & McGinnis, L. D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

General guidelines for medically screening mixed population groups potentially exposed to nerve or vesicant agents

Description: A number of state and local planners have requested guidance on screening protocols and have expressed interest in sampling body fluids from exposed or potentially exposed individuals as a means of estimating agent dose. These guidelines have been developed to provide a clear statement that could be used by state and local emergency response personnel in the event of a nerve or vesicant agent incident resulting in off-post contamination; maximum protection from harm is the goal. The assumption … more
Date: January 1, 1992
Creator: Watson, A. P.; Munro, N. B.; Sidell, F. R. & Leffingwell, S. S.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Keeping the peace green: Integrating arms control and environmental protection

Description: This talk is about how to avoid turning swords into Superfund sites. The problem we address is the potential conflict between the desire to take advantage of the greater international security brought by the end of the Cold War by entering arms control agreements requiring various military weapons to be dismantled, and the desire to avoid further degrading the environment in the process of destroying them. We will use as an illustration of these issues the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC), whi… more
Date: October 21, 1994
Creator: Tanzman, E. A. & Kellman, B.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Chemistry and preliminary environmental effects of mixtures of triisopropyl phosphite, Bis-(2-ethylexyl)-phosphonate, and sulfur. Final report

Description: The present studies were performed to evaluate the reaction chemistry and preliminary biotic impacts of BIS, TIP, and TIPS. Reaction chemistry studies were designed to simulate in-flight mixing characteristics. The binary mixture undergoes rapid and nearly complete reaction. The final products released to the environment are TIPS and excess elemental sulfur. There is an apparent species sensitivity difference in algae for the simulants BIS, TIP, and TIPS, with Chlorella being more sensitive tha… more
Date: December 1991
Creator: Cataldo, D. A.; Harvey, S. D.; McVeety, B. D.; Fellows, R. J. & Van Noris, P.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Integrated Baseline System (IBS), Version 1.03. User guide: Chemical Stockpile Emergency Preparedness Program

Description: The Integrated Baseline System (IBS), operated by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), is a system of computerized tools for emergency planing and analysis. This document is the user guide for the IBS and explains how to operate the IBS system. The fundamental function of the IBS is to provide tools that civilian emergency management personnel can use in developing emergency plans and in supporting emergency management activities to cope with a chemical-releasing event at a military … more
Date: January 1, 1993
Creator: Bailey, B. M.; Burford, M. J.; Downing, T. R.; Matsumoto, S. W.; Schrank, E. E.; Williams, J. R. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Program of technical assistance to the organization for the prohibition of chemical weapons, informal report

Description: Currently, U.S. organizations provide technical support to the U.S. Delegation for its work as part of the Preparatory Commission (PrepCom) of the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) in The Hague. The current efforts of the PrepCom are focussed on preparations for the Entry-Into-Force (EIF) of the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons (often referred to as the {open_quotes}Chemical Weapons Convention{close_q… more
Date: January 1, 1995
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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