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Chimpanzee chromosome 12 is homologous to human chromosome 2q

Description: Most of the 46 human chromosomes find their counterparts in the 48 chimpanzee chromosomes except for chromosome 2 which has been hypothesized to have been derived from a centric fusion of two chimpanzee acrocentric chromosomes. These two chromosomes correspond to the human chromosomes 2p and 2g. This conclusion is based primarily on chromosome banding techniques, and the somatic cell hybridization technique has also been used. (HLW)
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Sun, N. C.; Sun, C. R.Y. & Ho, T.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Low-exposure tritium radiotoxicity in mammals

Description: Studies of tritium radiotoxicity involving chronic /sup 3/H0H exposures in mammals demonstrate in both mice and monkeys that biological effects can be measured following remarkably low levels of exposure - levels in the range of serious practical interest to radiation protection. These studies demonstrate also that deleterious effects of /sup 3/H beta radiation do not differ significantly from those of gamma radiation at high exposures. In contrast, however, at low exposures tritium is signific… more
Date: February 11, 1982
Creator: Dobson, R.L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Chimpanzee chromosome 13 is homologous to human chromosome 2p

Description: Similarities between human and chimpanzee chromosomes are shown by chromosome banding techniques and somatic cell hybridization techniques. Cell hybrids were obtained from the chimpanzee lymphocyte LE-7, and the Chinese hamster mutant cell, Gal-2. Experiments showed that the ACPL, MDHs, and Gal-Act genes could be assigned to chimpanzee chromosome 13, and since these genes have been assigned to human chromosme 2p, it is suggested that chimpanzee chromosome 13 is homologous to human chromosome 2p… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Sun, N. C.; Sun, C. R.Y. & Ho, T.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Reassessment of data used in setting exposure limits for hot particles

Description: A critical review and a reassessment of data reviewed in NCRP Report 106 on effects of hot particles'' on the skin of pigs, monkeys, and humans were made. Our analysis of the data of Forbes and Mikhail on effects from activated UC{sub 2} particles, ranging in diameter from 144 {mu}m to 328 {mu}m, led to the formulation of a new model for prediction of both the threshold for acute ulceration and for ulcer diameter. A dose of 27 Gy at a depth of 1.33 mm in tissue in this model will result in an a… more
Date: May 1, 1991
Creator: Baum, J.W. & Kaurin, D.G.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Biological effects and physical safety aspects of NMR imaging and in vivo spectroscopy

Description: An assessment is made of the biological effects and physical hazards of static and time-varying fields associated with the NMR devices that are being used for clinical imaging and in vivo spectroscopy. A summary is given of the current state of knowledge concerning the mechanisms of interaction and the bioeffects of these fields. Additional topics that are discussed include: (1) physical effects on pacemakers and metallic implants such as aneurysm clips, (2) human health studies related to the … more
Date: August 1, 1985
Creator: Tenforde, T.S. & Budinger, T.F.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

New radiobiological findings bearing on the 1977 ICRP recommendations. [Sensitivity of mouse and monkey prenatal oocytes to chronic, low-dose, tritium exposure]

Description: Recent experiments on low-level irradiation during development raise questions relevant to ICRP Publication 26. Mice and monkeys were studied; the measured endpoint was the radiation-induced loss of female germ cells. Three issues are examined. The first is the numerical value of Q (quality factor) appropriate for low-energy beta rays. Comparisons of tritium with gamma radiation were made under conditions of chronic, low-level exposure, and the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) was found … more
Date: February 14, 1979
Creator: Dobson, R.L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Tritium effects on germ cells and fertility

Description: Primordial oocytes in juvenile mice show acute gamma-ray LD/sub 50/ as low as 6 rad. This provides opportunities for determining dose-response relations at low doses and chronic exposure in the intact animal - conditions of particular interest for hazard evaluation. Examined in this way, /sup 3/HOH in body water is found to kill murine oocytes exponentially with dose, the LD/sub 50/ level for chronic exposure being only 2..mu..Ci/ml (delivering 0.4 rad/day). At very low doses and dose rates, wh… more
Date: November 19, 1982
Creator: Dobson, R.L.; Kwan, T.C. & Straume, T.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Toxicity of tritium. [Chronic, low-dose exposure of mice and monkeys]

Description: Among radionuclides of importance in atomic energy, /sup 3/H has relatively low toxicity. The main health and environmental worry is the possibility that significant biological effects may follow from protracted exposure to low concentrations in water. To examine this possible hazard and measure toxicity at low tritium concentrations, chronic exposure studies were done on mice and monkeys. During vulnerable developmental periods animals were exposed to /sup 3/HOH, and mice were exposed also to … more
Date: March 2, 1979
Creator: Dobson, R.L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Partial protection of SIV-infected rhesus monkeys against superinfection with a heterologous SIV isolate

Description: Although there is increasing evidence that individuals already infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) can be infected with a heterologous strain of the virus, the extent of protection against superinfection conferred by the first infection and the biologic consequences of superinfection are not well understood. We explored these questions in the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)/rhesus monkey model of HIV-1/AIDS. We infected cohorts of rhesus monkeys with either SIVmac251 o… more
Date: January 1, 2009
Creator: Korber, Bette
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Evolutionary expansion and divergence in a large family of primate-specific zinc finger transcription factor genes

Description: Although most genes are conserved as one-to-one orthologs in different mammalian orders, certain gene families have evolved to comprise different numbers and types of protein-coding genes through independent series of gene duplications, divergence and gene loss in each evolutionary lineage. One such family encodes KRAB-zinc finger (KRAB-ZNF) genes, which are likely to function as transcriptional repressors. One KRAB-ZNF subfamily, the ZNF91 clade, has expanded specifically in primates to compri… more
Date: September 28, 2005
Creator: Hamilton, A T; Huntley, S; Tran-Gyamfi, M; Baggott, D; Gordon, L & Stubbs, L
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Comparison of 3D Maximum A Posteriori and Filtered Backprojection algorithms for high resolution animal imaging in microPET

Description: We have evaluated the performance of two three dimensional reconstruction algorithms with data acquired from microPET, a high resolution tomograph dedicated to small animal imaging. The first was a linear filtered-backprojection algorithm (FBP) with reprojection of the missing data and the second was a statistical maximum-aposteriori probability algorithm (MAP). The two algorithms were evaluated in terms of their resolution performance, both in phantoms and in vivo. Sixty independent realizatio… more
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: Chatziioannou, A.; Qi, J.; Moore, A.; Annala, A.; Nguyen, K.; Leahy, R. M. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Late effects of whole brain irradiation within the therapeutic range

Description: Whole brain exposure with supervoltage x irradiation was carried out in three sets of Macaca mulatta. Two sets of 12 monkeys each, at puberty, received single and fractionated exposures, respectively. One set of 21 monkeys in adulthood received a fractionated exposure. Exposure to 1000 rads in a single dose, at puberty, caused no late effects. Exposure to 1500 rads caused small areas of necrosis in the forebrain white matter at 26 weeks, but a much more extensive involvement at and beyond 52 we… more
Date: January 1, 1978
Creator: Caveness, W. F. & Carsten, A. L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Radiation induced chromosome aberrations in somatic and germ cells of the male marmoset

Description: The induction of chromosome aberrations by low LET radiations was studied in peripheral lymphocytes and spermatogonial stem cells of the male marmoset. The data showed that there was no significant difference in the sensitivity of the lymphocytes whether they were irradiated in vitro or in vivo, but the frequency of heritable translocations recovered in the primary spermatocytes was considerably lower than that calculated to occur in the lymphocytes. The data are used to make estimates of human… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Brewen, J. G. & Preston, R. J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Radiotracers in PETT: strategies for in vivo receptor activity, Schizophernia, and Alzheimer's Dementia studies

Description: Using /sup 18/F-spiperone, a one compartment system with a driving function as model, blocking agents such as butaclamol and ketanserin, assay of the live adult female baboon striatum over the 8 h period, and assay of the parent compound in plasma, it is apparent that residence times in the living tissue and those estimated from in vitro tritium data are at variance. Occupancy rises to a maximum for /sup 18/F benperidol and /sup 18/F haloperidol after approx. 25 minutes and for /sup 18/F spiper… more
Date: January 1, 1984
Creator: Wolf, A. P.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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