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Development of Facultative Air Breathing in Bristlenose Plecos (Ancistrus cirrhosus)

Description: Data collected on air breathing development in the bristlenose pleco. Bristlenose plecos breath air with a highly vascularized stomach when exposed to aquatic hypoxic conditions. This study looked at the development of this behavior and when the fish fist began to breathe air.
Date: January 2024
Creator: Crowder, Lauren W. & Dzialowski, Edward M. (Edward Michael)
Partner: UNT College of Science

Description of appeasement rituals for spirits and ghosts

Description: Mr. Tshering describes how to appease spirits and ghosts with wine, water, and smoke. He uses the count of the rosary to determine remedies for sickness. During the process, he recites the Buddha mantra. Time-aligned translation into English.
Date: 2022-07/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of appeasement rituals for spirits and ghosts

Description: Mr. Tshering describes how to appease spirits and ghosts with wine, water, and smoke. He uses the count of the rosary to determine remedies for sickness. During the process, he recites the Buddha mantra. Time-aligned translation into English.
Date: 2022-07/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of Mamo Zomsa prediction

Description: Mr. Tshering describes the practice Mamo Zomsa (gathering all ghosts) which uses astrology and a rosary to determine the cause of a sickness. The rosary indicates the astrological predictions with different numbers: 3 for sickness caused by the union of Mamo and his family, or 5 for those caused by the Mamo family and servants. Time-aligned translation into English.
Date: 2022-07/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of Mamo Zomsa prediction

Description: Mr. Tshering describes the practice Mamo Zomsa (gathering all ghosts) which uses astrology and a rosary to determine the cause of a sickness. The rosary indicates the astrological predictions with different numbers: 3 for sickness caused by the union of Mamo and his family, or 5 for those caused by the Mamo family and servants. Time-aligned translation into English.
Date: 2022-07/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of fever and body ache causes and remedies

Description: Mr. Tshering describes how he performs divination using the rosary to locate where a person has lost their soul, and who has taken the soul. The count of every rosary indicates different directions, people, things, and events that may cause heavy fever and body ache. Mr. Tshering is originally from Rolam village, and stayed in Thragom village after his second marriage. Time-aligned translation into English.
Date: 2022-07/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of fever and body ache causes and remedies

Description: Mr. Tshering describes how he performs divination using the rosary to locate where a person has lost their soul, and who has taken the soul. The count of every rosary indicates different directions, people, things, and events that may cause heavy fever and body ache. Mr. Tshering is originally from Rolam village, and stayed in Thragom village after his second marriage. Time-aligned translation into English.
Date: 2022-07/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of stomach pain causes and remedies

Description: Mr. Tshering describes how to cure stomach pain caused by malicious spirits. He uses astrological methods to determine if the patient needs modern medical services or needs to appease the spirits to address the pain. Mr. Tshering is originally from Rolam village, and stayed in Thragom village after his second marriage. This recording was made in the evening after the day's work. Time-aligned translation into English.
Date: 2022-07/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of stomach pain causes and remedies

Description: Mr. Tshering describes how to cure stomach pain caused by malicious spirits. He uses astrological methods to determine if the patient needs modern medical services or needs to appease the spirits to address the pain. Mr. Tshering is originally from Rolam village, and stayed in Thragom village after his second marriage. This recording was made in the evening after the day's work. Time-aligned translation into English.
Date: 2022-07/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of Tshong Tshongma appeasement rituals

Description: Mr. Karma Wangdi describes the Bon ritual ceremonies used to appease Tshong Tshongma, the most sacred mountain in Eastern Bhutan. It is accessible only for four months per year due to local customs and myths. At over 4000m, Tshong Tshongma is a very important deity, especially to the people in its vicinity. They appease Tshong Tshongma before making offerings to the other local deities by raising three flags, burning three units of incense, and offering wine. When someone is seriously ill near … more
Date: 2022-06/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of Tshong Tshongma appeasement rituals

Description: Mr. Karma Wangdi describes the Bon ritual ceremonies used to appease Tshong Tshongma, the most sacred mountain in Eastern Bhutan. It is accessible only for four months per year due to local customs and myths. At over 4000m, Tshong Tshongma is a very important deity, especially to the people in its vicinity. They appease Tshong Tshongma before making offerings to the other local deities by raising three flags, burning three units of incense, and offering wine. When someone is seriously ill near … more
Date: 2022-06/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Conversation and demonstration of Nêpo appeasement rituals

Description: After a casual conversation, Mr. Karma Wangdi demonstrates the Bon ritual ceremonies used to appease Nêpo, a local ghost or spirit who steals the life force of humans. He appeases Nêpo, asking him to divert life's obstacles. Partial time-aligned transcription and translation into English.
Date: 2022-06/2023-06~
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Conversation and demonstration of Nêpo appeasement rituals

Description: After a casual conversation, Mr. Karma Wangdi demonstrates the Bon ritual ceremonies used to appease Nêpo, a local ghost or spirit who steals the life force of humans. He appeases Nêpo, asking him to divert life's obstacles. Time-aligned translation into English.
Date: 2022-06/2023-06~
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Demonstration of Nêpo appeasement rituals

Description: Mr. Karma Wangdi demonstrates the Bon ritual ceremonies used to appease Nêpo, a local ghost or spirit who steals the life force of humans. The name Nêpo is Dakpa for 'guest'. He can be appeased by raising prayer flags using mugwort and offering wine. Also present were Gajay and Wangdi's grandchildren. Partial time-aligned transcription and translation into English.
Date: 2022-06/2023-06~
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Demonstration of Nêpo appeasement rituals

Description: Mr. Karma Wangdi demonstrates the Bon ritual ceremonies used to appease Nêpo, a local ghost or spirit who steals the life force of humans. The name Nêpo is Dakpa for 'guest'. He can be appeased by raising prayer flags using mugwort and offering wine. Also present were Gajay and Wangdi's grandchildren. Time-aligned translation into English.
Date: 2022-06/2023-06~
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Demonstration of astrological prediction and ritual

Description: Mr. Karma Wangdi demonstrates astrology prediction and a ritual to heal from poisoning. Time-aligned translation into English.
Date: 2022-06/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Demonstration of astrological prediction and ritual

Description: Mr. Karma Wangdi demonstrates astrology prediction and a ritual to heal from poisoning. Partial time-aligned transcription and translation into English.
Date: 2022-06/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description and demonstration of astrological prediction

Description: Mr. Karma Wangdi demonstrates astrology prediction on Gajay using rice, water, incense, and a rosary. When he dips rice into the water, if there is any spirit harming the patient, then the rice will be scattered at the edges of the bowl. If cursed, the rice will stand upward. He concludes that no spirits are harming Gajay; however, he recommends that Gajay offer appeasement wine to the local deity. Partial time-aligned transcription and translation into English.
Date: 2022-06/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description and demonstration of astrological prediction

Description: Mr. Karma Wangdi demonstrates astrology prediction on Gajay using rice, water, incense, and a rosary. When he dips rice into the water, if there is any spirit harming the patient, then the rice will be scattered at the edges of the bowl. If cursed, the rice will stand upward. He concludes that no spirits are harming Gajay; however, he recommends that Gajay offer appeasement wine to the local deity. Time-aligned translation into English.
Date: 2022-06/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description and demonstration of Mamo appeasement rituals

Description: Bonism is a traditional form of worship involving rituals related to healing and the earth. Some Bon rituals are performed only by certain individuals (Bonpos). Bonpo Karma Wangdi demonstrates a ritual appeasement of Mamo (also known as Lamringbu). His wife and extended family are present because they have not seen this ritual performed for the last 15 years. Mr. Wangdi is the last known Bonpo in Chema village in the Trashi Yangste District of Bhutan. He also belongs to the first generation of … more
Date: 2022-06/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of harvesting fern trees, part 7

Description: Abraham, Longdi, and Rilung Modi discuss the fern tree (Tatchi) harvest near Peki Modi village in Upper Siang District of Arunachal Pradesh. Longdi Modi and Abraham Modi complete the process of removing the bark and outer cover of the fern tree. Longdi Modi lays out the wild banana leaves which Abraham Modi cut earlier. They cut the fern tree into smaller pieces in preparation for the next step. Time-aligned transcription and translation into English.
Date: 2022/2023-05
Creator: Modi, Abraham
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of harvesting fern trees, part 6

Description: Abraham, Longdi, and Rilung Modi discuss the fern tree (Tatchi) harvest near Peki Modi village in Upper Siang District of Arunachal Pradesh. Longdi Modi and Abraham Modi continue to remove the bark and also the outer part of fern tree while Rilung Modi records. Time-aligned transcription and translation into English.
Date: 2022/2023-05
Creator: Modi, Abraham
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of harvesting fern trees, part 5

Description: Abraham, Longdi, and Rilung Modi discuss the fern tree (Tatchi) harvest near Peki Modi village in Upper Siang District of Arunachal Pradesh. Longdi Modi and Abraham Modi remove the bark and the hard part of fern tree (Chiyu yuuma), and Longdi Modi cuts off the top portion of fern tree. He explains that this part is now not good for consumption. Time-aligned transcription and translation into English.
Date: 2022/2023-05
Creator: Modi, Abraham
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of harvesting fern trees, part 4

Description: Abraham, Longdi, and Rilung Modi discuss the fern tree (Tatchi) harvest near Peki Modi village in Upper Siang District of Arunachal Pradesh. While preparing for the harvest, they describe how to tell when fern trees are ready for harvest based on smell, appearance, and the season. Time-aligned transcription and translation into English.
Date: 2022/2023-05
Creator: Modi, Abraham
Partner: UNT College of Information
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