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Nepal: Political Developments and Bilateral Relations with the United States

Description: This report concerns the political developments and bilateral relations of Nepal with the United States. Nepal has been described as a yam between two boulders. Nepal's geopolitical status as a small, landlocked buffer state situated between two Asian giants - India and China - has severely constrained its foreign policy and trade options. Although Nepal has sought to maintain friendly relations with both neighbors, its cultural, linguistic, religious and economic ties with India historically h… more
Date: October 23, 2008
Creator: Vaughn, Bruce
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Freshwater Under Threat: South Asia

Description: This report focuses on three major South Asian river basins: the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna River Basin, the Helmand River Basin, and the Indus River Basin. The authors use a composite Water Vulnerability Index based on development pressures, ecology, and other factors, to demonstrate the vulnerability of the river basins.
Date: unknown
Creator: Babel, Mukland S. & Wahid, Shahriar M.
Partner: UNT Libraries
open access

China-India Border Tensions at Doka-La

Description: This report discusses border disputes between China and India in the Himalayas and the recent dispute at Doka La over China extending a road into disputed territory between Bhutan and China.
Date: August 9, 2017
Creator: Vaughn, Bruce
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

Conversation about Zhakchang and annual feast offerings, part 2

Description: Conversation among the feast sponsors about the annual feast offering, recorded after the feast. They describe the practice of Zhakchang where people gather to finish the leftover wine and food from ritual ceremonies. While having tea, they discuss the feature course of the feast. Mr. Cheten expresses his concern that future generations will not know how buckwheat is traditionally cultivated.
Date: May 26, 2022
Duration: 2 minutes 32 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Conversation at the annual feast in Rinzentangpang

Description: Conversation at the annual feast offering, one of the main events for Dakpa communities in Thragom, Rinzentangpang, and Bamchuang. This year, it was held in Rinzentangpang. They use rudimentary stoves to prepare meals. Here they are discussing what meals to serve to the monks and the general public who will come for the blessing, such as dry fish and cheeses.
Date: May 25, 2022
Duration: 5 minutes 35 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Conversations and blessings at the annual feast in Rinzentangpang

Description: Conversations and beginning of the long life blessing by His Eminence Tsheten Zangpo at Rinzentangpang Tshokhang. People discuss the process of receiving a blessing and what they have to offer in return. Some people offer cash as gratitude for the blessing from His Eminence.
Date: May 25, 2022
Duration: 6 minutes 26 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Conversation about continuing traditional festivals, part 2

Description: Chorten Tshering and Koncho Tshering discuss their concerns about how the annual feast offerings will be carried out by the upcoming generation. Chorten Tshering says that, in his view, those children born in villages are more likely to continue than children born in towns. He thinks that children born in villages have a strong connection with the village's customs, are easier to mingle with, and will more easily adapt to difficult situations. He is worried that, in the future, future generatio… more
Date: May 26, 2022
Duration: 1 minute 57 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Historical narrative about Tshong Tshongma, part 1

Description: Tshong Tshongma is a sacred mountain and a local deity in Eastern Bhutan. Over 4000 meters in elevation, it is accessible only four months per year due to local customs. Mr. Lama Tshering describes how Tshong Tshongma got its current palace after being deceived by Samye Paygi Gyelpo when Guru Rinpoche called all the deities to the allocated respective palace.
Date: May 26, 2022
Duration: 12 minutes 28 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Historical narrative about Tshong Tshongma, part 1

Description: Tshong Tshongma is a sacred mountain and a local deity in Eastern Bhutan. Over 4000 meters in elevation, it is accessible only four months per year due to local customs. Mr. Lama Tshering describes how Tshong Tshongma got its current palace after being deceived by Samye Paygi Gyelpo when Guru Rinpoche called all the deities to the allocated respective palace. Time-aligned translation into English.
Date: 2022-05/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Conversation at the annual feast in Rinzentangpang

Description: Mr. Sonam Wangchuck, one of the cooks and sponsors of the annual feast, discusses the preparations for the feast with a group. Seven households from Bamchang and Rinzentangpang villages sponsor the feast every year. Here he is preparing butter tea for the monks involved in feast offerings.
Date: May 25, 2022
Duration: 2 minutes 10 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Historical narrative about Tshong Tshongma, part 1

Description: Tshong Tshongma is a sacred mountain and a local deity in Eastern Bhutan. Over 4000 meters in elevation, it is accessible only four months per year due to local customs. Mr. Lama Tshering describes how Tshong Tshongma got its current palace after being deceived by Samye Paygi Gyelpo when Guru Rinpoche called all the deities to the allocated respective palace.
Date: May 26, 2022
Duration: 12 minutes 28 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Conversation about continuing traditional festivals, part 1

Description: Chorten Tshering and Koncho Tshering discuss their concerns about how the annual feast offerings will be carried out by the upcoming generation. They say that, with much hardship, their parents were able to start the community feast offering. In the past, local customary taxes were levied upon the households to conduct feasts, and used as seed money for the following years. Still today, these feasts are funded by this seed money.
Date: May 26, 2022
Duration: 6 minutes 23 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Historical narrative about Tshong Tshongma, part 1

Description: Tshong Tshongma is a sacred mountain and a local deity in Eastern Bhutan. Over 4000 meters in elevation, it is accessible only four months per year due to local customs. Mr. Lama Tshering describes how Tshong Tshongma got its current palace after being deceived by Samye Paygi Gyelpo when Guru Rinpoche called all the deities to the allocated respective palace. Time-aligned translation into English.
Date: 2022-05/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Conversation about Kharam rituals

Description: Chote Tshering and Lama Tshering, two respected lay monks, discuss Kharam, a curse associated with gossip, and rituals performed to ward off the curse. They say the Kharam ritual in Bön is quite amazing. They build a Kharam Shang (a wooden target made of Rhus Chinensis). They will place that target inside the house and shoot the arrow into it.
Date: June 10, 2022
Duration: 2 minutes 02 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Performance of annual Hunchung rituals

Description: Mr. Lama Tshering is an annual ritual performer of Hunchung and other households in Thragom, Rinzentangpang, Bamchang, and Ranjung. He has been performing the ritual for past several years. The religious text that they are reciting is the appeasement of the main deities of the Gelugpa sects of Buddhism. Some of the deities they appease are Damchen Dorji Legpa and his retinue.
Date: June 11, 2022
Duration: 12 minutes 50 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of Shang Nelap mushroom

Description: Mrs. Humchung is one of the oldest people living in Thragom village. She describes how to prepare and consume Shang Nelap (tree’s ear) mushrooms. The process of making this mushroom is similar to that of lichen. First, the mushroom is steamed in ash and washed thoroughly. Then it is prepared with chili paste. She says that, like lichen, one can eat mushrooms from any tree except the Magnolia tree.
Date: June 16, 2022
Duration: 1 minute 28 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Conversation about ritual cakes

Description: Chote Tshering and Lama Tshering, two respected lay monks, discuss the ritual cake for the annual ritual of Mrs. Humchung. This ritual cake symbolizes the Lama (teacher), Yidam (tutelary deity), Chösung (religious protector), family deities, and the wrathful form of peaceful Buddha. They are also talking about the origin and meaning of these ritual cakes.
Date: June 11, 2022
Duration: 12 minutes 03 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of ponpo curry, part 2

Description: Mrs. Humchung is one of the oldest people living in Thragom village. She describes how to prepare ponpo curry using lichen and demonstrates how to thoroughly wash the dirt from the lichen. She also shares memories of eating ponpo curry and collecting dry lichen while gathering firewood during childhood.
Date: June 16, 2022
Duration: 4 minutes 52 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Conversation about Kha Bön rituals

Description: Lama Tshering and Chote Tshering discuss the recent increase in the practice of Kha Bön, where people are appeasing the malicious spirit without formal training. They are seen offering flour mixed with meat, fermented sometimes without meat, and fermented wine to appease spirits that affect us. They say some even perform Bön Nag, where animal sacrifices are required.
Date: June 10, 2022
Duration: 9 minutes 37 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Performance of annual Tshok rituals

Description: Chote Tshering and Lama Tshering, two respected lay monks, recite a prayer for Tshok (feast offering). Tshok offering is part of annual rituals in Thragom village. These offerings are made to Buddha, Bodhisattvas, tutelary deities, dharma protectors, the god of wealth, and deities to bring fortune, success, and a healthier life to the family. This recording was done in the evening after rainfall for half of the day.
Date: June 11, 2022
Duration: 56 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of ponpo curry, part 1

Description: Mrs. Humchung is one of the oldest people living in Thragom village. She describes how to prepare ponpo curry using lichen, demonstrating the process of steaming the lichen with ash before cooking. She explains that people in Thragom village consume ponpo curry once a year to wash away any dirt or hair inside the body. Time-aligned translation into English.
Date: 2022-06/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of ponpo curry, part 2

Description: Mrs. Humchung is one of the oldest people living in Thragom village. She describes how to prepare ponpo curry using lichen and demonstrates how to thoroughly wash the dirt from the lichen. She also shares memories of eating ponpo curry and collecting dry lichen while gathering firewood during childhood. Time-aligned translation into English.
Date: 2022-06/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information
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