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U.S. Public Diplomacy: State Department Expands Efforts but Faces Significant Challenges

Description: A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, focused attention on the need to improve public diplomacy efforts to cultivate a better public opinion of the United States abroad. However, recent opinion research indicates that many foreign publics, especially in countries with significant Muslim populations, view the United States unfavorably. GAO examined changes in the State Department's (State) public diploma… more
Date: September 4, 2003
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
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Defense Health Care: Oversight of Military Services' Post-Deployment Health Reassessment Completion Rates Is Limited

Description: Correspondence issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "Military servicemembers engaged in combat tours in Afghanistan and Iraq are at risk of developing combat-related mental health conditions, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In many cases, signs of potential mental health conditions do not surface until months after servicemembers return from deployment. In 2004, Army researchers published a series of articles that indicated a significant i… more
Date: September 4, 2008
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
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Retirement Savings: Better Information and Sponsor Guidance Could Improve Oversight and Reduce Fees for Participants

Description: A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "American workers increasingly rely on defined contribution (DC) plans like 401(k) plans and individual retirement accounts (IRA) for retirement income. Together with other DC plans--401(a), 403(b), and 457 plans--these accounts hold about $7.1 trillion. As workers accrue earnings on their investments, they also pay a number of fees that may significantly decrease retirement savings over the course of a … more
Date: September 4, 2009
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
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Securing, Stabilizing, and Rebuilding Iraq: Iraqi Government Has Not Met Most Legislative, Security, and Economic Benchmarks

Description: A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "Public Law 110-28 requires GAO to report to Congress by September 1, 2007, on whether or not the government of Iraq has met 18 benchmarks contained in the Act, and the status of the achievement of these benchmarks. The benchmarks stem from commitments first articulated by the Iraqi government in June 2006. In comparison, the Act requires the administration to report in July and September 2007 on whether… more
Date: September 4, 2007
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
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Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations: EPA Needs More Information and a Clearly Defined Strategy to Protect Air and Water Quality from Pollutants of Concern

Description: A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFO) are large livestock and poultry operations that raise animals in a confined situation. CAFOs can improve the efficiency of animal production but large amounts of manure produce can, if not properly managed, degrade air and water quality. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for regulating CAFOs and requires CAFOs that discharge certain po… more
Date: September 4, 2008
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
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U.S. Patent And Trademark Office: Hiring Efforts Are Not Sufficient to Reduce the Patent Application Backlog

Description: A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "Increases in the volume and complexity of patent applications have lengthened the amount of time it takes the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) to process them. In addition, concerns have continued about USPTO's efforts to hire and retain an adequate patent examination workforce that can not only meet the demand for patents but also help reduce the growing backlog of unexamined patent application… more
Date: September 4, 2007
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
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Workforce Investment Act: One-Stop System Infrastructure Continues to Evolve, but Labor Should Take Action to Require That All Employment Service Offices Are Part of the System

Description: A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "In 1998, Congress passed the Workforce Investment Act (WIA), requiring states and localities to bring together employment and training programs into a single workforce system, the one-stop system. States have flexibility in how they provide these services--colocated within the one-stop--through electronic linkage or referral. WIA did not provide funds to pay for the infrastructure costs, but programs mu… more
Date: September 4, 2007
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
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Various Issues Led to the Termination of the United States-Canada Shared Border Management Pilot Project

Description: Correspondence issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "In the years since the 2001 terrorist attacks, balancing the need to secure U.S. borders while maintaining the flow of legitimate cross-border travel and commerce has taken on an added importance. The United States and Canada share a border that extends nearly 4,000 miles, and one of the world's largest trading relationships. Each year, approximately 70 million travelers and 35 million vehicles cross the… more
Date: September 4, 2008
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
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Elections: Voting Assistance to Military and Overseas Citizens Should Be Improved

Description: A chapter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "The narrow margin of victory in the 2000 presidential election aroused concern about the reliability of voting machines; the training of polling place workers; and the extent to which local jurisdictions accepted ballots from members of the military, their dependents, or citizens living abroad. The Federal Voting Assistance program developed several useful tools for voters and Voting Assistance Officers, but … more
Date: September 4, 2001
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
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Foreign Affairs: Effective Stewardship of Resources Essential to Efficient Operations at State Department, USAID

Description: Testimony issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "In recent years, funding for the Department of State has increased dramatically, particularly for security upgrades at overseas facilities and a major hiring program. The U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) has also received more funds, especially for programs in Afghanistan and Iraq and HIV/AIDS relief. Both State and USAID face significant management challenges in carrying out their respective missio… more
Date: September 4, 2003
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
open access

Nuclear Regulatory Commission: Oversight of Security at Commercial Nuclear Power Plants Needs to Be Strengthened

Description: A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "The September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks intensified the nation's focus on national preparedness and homeland security. Among possible terrorist targets are the nation's nuclear power plants--104 facilities containing radioactive fuel and waste. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) oversees plant security through an inspection program designed to verify the plants' compliance with security requirements. As… more
Date: September 4, 2003
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
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Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation: Single-Employer Pension Insurance Program Faces Significant Long-Term Risks

Description: Testimony issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "More than 34 million participants in 30,000 single-employer defined benefit pension plans rely on a federal insurance program managed by the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC) to protect their pension benefits, and the program's long-term financial viability is in doubt. Over the last decade, the program swung from a $3.6 billion accumulated deficit (liabilities exceeded assets), to a $10.1 billion accumula… more
Date: September 4, 2003
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
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Small and Disadvantaged Businesses: Some Agencies' Advocates Do Not Report to the Required Management Level

Description: A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "Section 15(k) of the Small Business Act requires that all federal agencies with procurement powers establish an Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization (OSDBU). This law is one of many designed to enhance the participation of small and disadvantaged businesses in federal procurement. Section 15(k)(3) of the act requires that OSDBU directors, who are intended to be advocates for small and disadva… more
Date: September 4, 2003
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
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District of Columbia: Fiscal Structural Balance Issues

Description: A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "The District of Columbia has historically faced many challenges due to its unique circumstances and role as the nation's capital. After several years of struggling with financial crises and insolvency in the early 1990s, the District has significantly improved its financial condition by achieving five consecutive balanced budgets, an upgraded bond rating, and unqualified or "clean" opinions on its financial st… more
Date: September 4, 2002
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
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Military Aircraft: Observations on the Proposed Lease of Aerial Refueling Aircraft by the Air Force

Description: Testimony issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "At 543 aircraft, the KC-135 is the mainstay of U.S. aerial refueling capability. Recapitalizing this fleet is crucial to maintaining this capability and, ultimately, maintaining the mobility of U.S. forces. In the fiscal year 2002 defense appropriations act, the Congress authorized the Air Force to lease up to 100 aerial refueling aircraft after the Air Force reported its plans to the Senate and House Armed Services… more
Date: September 4, 2003
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
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GAO: Making a Difference for Congress and the Nation; Professional Development Program

Description: Other written product issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "This is an insert to GAO's publication, Serving the Congress and the Nation, describing the role, functions, and responsibilities of GAO's Professional Development Program team."
Date: September 4, 2001
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
open access

World Trade Organization: Early Decisions Are Vital to Progress in Ongoing Negotiations

Description: A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "In November 2001, the World Trade Organization launched a new set of multilateral negotiations at its ministerial conference in Doha, Qatar. The ministerial conference was important because it laid out an ambitious agenda for a broad set of new multilateral trade negotiations, set forth in the Doha Ministerial Declaration. The declaration calls for a continuation of discussions on liberalizing trade in agricul… more
Date: September 4, 2002
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
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Bureau of Indian Affairs Schools: Expenditures in Selected Schools are Comparable to Similar Public Schools, But Data Are Insufficient to Judge Adequacy of Funding and Formulas

Description: A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "In 2001, Congress directed GAO to examine the adequacy of Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) school funding and the adequacy of the formulas employed by BIA to distribute various types of operating funds. Because there is no universally accepted standard for adequacy, for this report, GAO examined (1) the sources and amounts of federal funding provided for BIA schools and how they are determined, (2) how BIA schoo… more
Date: September 4, 2003
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
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Development of an Immersed Boundary Method to Resolve Complex Terrain in the Weather Research and Forecasting Model

Description: Flow and dispersion processes in urban areas are profoundly influenced by the presence of buildings which divert mean flow, affect surface heating and cooling, and alter the structure of turbulence in the lower atmosphere. Accurate prediction of velocity, temperature, and turbulent kinetic energy fields are necessary for determining the transport and dispersion of scalars. Correct predictions of scalar concentrations are vital in densely populated urban areas where they are used to aid in emerg… more
Date: September 4, 2007
Creator: Lunquist, K A; Chow, F K; Lundquist, J K & Mirocha, J D
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Integrated Optical Probes

Description: Optical probes used in velocimetry measurements have typically been individual probes that collect data for a single diagnostic at a single point. These probes have been used in diagnostics such as VISAR, PDV, and radiometry, which measure surface velocity, temperature, and other characteristics. When separate probes are used for these measurements, the different diagnostic points measured must be significantly separated. We have developed integrated probes that collect data for multiple optica… more
Date: September 4, 2008
Creator: Brent Frogget, Douglas DeVore, Vincent Romero, David Esquibel, and David Holtkamp
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Materials Science and Technology Teachers Handbook

Description: The Materials Science and Technology (MST) Handbook was developed by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, in Richland, Washington, under support from the U.S. Department of Energy. Many individuals have been involved in writing and reviewing materials for this project since it began at Richland High School in 1986, including contributions from educators at the Northwest Regional Education Laboratory, Central Washington University, the University of Washington, teachers from Northwest Schools,… more
Date: September 4, 2008
Creator: Wieda, Karen J.; Schweiger, Michael J.; Bliss, Mary; Pitman, Stan G. & Eschbach, Eugene A.
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An Improved WRF for Urban-Scale and Complex-Terrain Applications

Description: Simulations of atmospheric flow through urban areas must account for a wide range of physical phenomena including both mesoscale and urban processes. Numerical weather prediction models, such as the Weather and Research Forecasting model (WRF), excel at predicting synoptic and mesoscale phenomena. With grid spacings of less than 1 km (as is required for complex heterogeneous urban areas), however, the limits of WRF's terrain capabilities and subfilter scale (SFS) turbulence parameterizations ar… more
Date: September 4, 2007
Creator: Lundquist, J K; Chow, F K; Mirocha, J D & Lundquist, K A
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Debris and Shrapnel Mitigation Procedure for NIF Experiments

Description: All experiments at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) will produce debris and shrapnel from vaporized, melted, or fragmented target/diagnostics components. For some experiments mitigation is needed to reduce the impact of debris and shrapnel on optics and diagnostics. The final optics, e.g., wedge focus lens, are protected by two layers of debris shields. There are 192 relatively thin (1-3 mm) disposable debris shields (DDS's) located in front of an equal number of thicker (10 mm) main debris… more
Date: September 4, 2007
Creator: Eder, D.; Koniges, A.; Landen, O.; Masters, N.; Fisher, A.; Jones, O. et al.
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