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open access

Analysis of Photonic Networks for a Chip Multiprocessor Using Scientific Applications

Description: As multiprocessors scale to unprecedented numbers of cores in order to sustain performance growth, it is vital that these gains are not nullified by high energy consumption from inter-core communication. With recent advances in 3D Integration CMOS technology, the possibility for realizing hybrid photonic-electronic networks-on-chip warrants investigating real application traces on functionally comparable photonic and electronic network designs. We present a comparative analysis using both synth… more
Date: January 31, 2009
Creator: Kamil, Shoaib A.; Hendry, Gilbert; Biberman, Aleksandr; Chan, Johnnie; Lee, Benjamin G.; Mohiyuddin, Marghoob et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
open access

Chemical, Biological, and Explosive Sensors for Field Measurements

Description: Special Technologies Laboratory (STL) is developing handheld chemical, biological, and explosive (CBE) detection systems and sensor motes for wireless networked field operations. The CBE sensors are capable of detecting and identifying multiple targeted toxic industrial chemicals (TICs) and high-explosive vapor components. The CBE devices are based on differential mobility spectrometry (DMS) coupled with fast gas chromatography (GC) or mass spectrometry. The systems all include the concepts of:… more
Date: January 31, 2009
Creator: Kevin Kyle, Manuel Manard, Stephan Weeks
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
open access

Conceptual Design Report: Nevada Test Site Mixed Waste Disposal Facility Project

Description: Environmental cleanup of contaminated nuclear weapons manufacturing and test sites generates radioactive waste that must be disposed. Site cleanup activities throughout the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) complex are projected to continue through 2050. Some of this waste is mixed waste (MW), containing both hazardous and radioactive components. In addition, there is a need for MW disposal from other mission activities. The Waste Management Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement Record of D… more
Date: January 31, 2009
Creator: National Security Technologies, LLC
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

The Development of a Rebust Accelerometer-Based Start of Combustion Sensing System

Description: The development of modern combustion systems increasingly relies on detailed knowledge of the combustion event. As the limits of combustion are approached, tight control of combustion leads to improved emissions and higher efficiencies, while retaining and even improving engine reliability and durability. While developing a novel HCCI (Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition) technology for large natural gas engines, Westport found that there was no reliable cost-effective technology to monitor… more
Date: January 31, 2009
Creator: Huang, Jim & Mumford, David
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Distributed Wind Energy in Idaho

Description: This project is a research and development program aimed at furthering distributed wind technology. In particular, this project addresses some of the barriers to distributed wind energy utilization in Idaho.
Date: January 31, 2009
Creator: Gardner, John; Johnson, Kathryn; Haynes, Todd & Seifert, Gary
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

A Hydrostratigraphic System for Modeling Groundwater Flow and Radionuclide Migration at the Corrective Action Unit Scale, Nevada Test Site and Surrounding Areas, Clark, Lincoln, and Nye Counties, Nevada

Description: Underground Test Area (UGTA) corrective action unit (CAU) groundwater flow and contaminant transport models of the Nevada Test Site (NTS) and vicinity are built upon hydrostratigraphic framework models (HFMs) that utilize the hydrostratigraphic unit (HSU) as the fundamental modeling component. The delineation and three-dimensional (3-D) modeling of HSUs within the highly complex geologic terrain that is the NTS requires a hydrostratigraphic system that is internally consistent, yet flexible eno… more
Date: January 31, 2009
Creator: Prothro, Lance; Drellack, Sigmund, Jr. & Mercadante, Jennifer
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

MICRO-CHP System for Residential Applications

Description: This is the final report of progress under Phase I of a project to develop and commercialize a micro-CHP system for residential applications that provides electrical power, heating, and cooling for the home. This is the first phase of a three-phase effort in which the residential micro-CHP system will be designed (Phase I), developed and tested in the laboratory (Phase II); and further developed and field tested (Phase III). The project team consists of Advanced Mechanical Technology, Inc. (AMT… more
Date: January 31, 2009
Creator: Gerstmann, Joseph
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Power Systems Development Facility

Description: In support of technology development to utilize coal for efficient, affordable, and environmentally clean power generation, the Power Systems Development Facility (PSDF), located in Wilsonville, Alabama, has routinely demonstrated gasification technologies using various types of coals. The PSDF is an engineering scale demonstration of key features of advanced coal-fired power systems, including a Transport Gasifier, a hot gas particulate control device, advanced syngas cleanup systems, and high… more
Date: January 31, 2009
Creator: Southern Company Services
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Preferred orientation of ettringite in concrete fractures

Description: Sulfate attack and the accompanying crystallization of fibrous ettringite [Ca{sub 6}Al{sub 2}(OH){sub 12}(SO{sub 4}){sub 3} {center_dot} 26H{sub 2}O] cause cracking and loss of strength in concrete structures. Hard synchrotron X-ray microdiffraction is used to quantify the orientation distribution of ettringite crystals. Diffraction images are analyzed using the Rietveld method to obtain information on textures. The analysis reveals that the c axes of the trigonal crystallites are preferentiall… more
Date: January 31, 2009
Creator: Wenk, Hans-Rudolf; Monteiro, Paulo J.M.; Kunz, Martin; Chen, Kai; Tamura, Nobumichi; Lutterotti, Luca et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
open access

Production of Substitute Natural Gas from Coal

Description: The goal of this research program was to develop and demonstrate a novel gasification technology to produce substitute natural gas (SNG) from coal. The technology relies on a continuous sequential processing method that differs substantially from the historic methanation or hydro-gasification processing technologies. The thermo-chemistry relies on all the same reactions, but the processing sequences are different. The proposed concept is appropriate for western sub-bituminous coals, which tend … more
Date: January 31, 2009
Creator: Lucero, Andrew
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Reducing the Vulnerability of Electric Power Grids to Terrorist Attacks

Description: This report describes the development of a cascading outage analyzer that, given an initial disturbance on an electric power system, checks for thermal overloads, under-frequency and over-frequency conditions, and under-voltage conditions that would result in removal of elements from the system. The analyzer simulates the successive tripping of elements due to protective actions until a post-event steady state or a system blackout is reached.
Date: January 31, 2009
Creator: Baldick, Ross; Boutsika, Thekla; Hur, Jin; Joung, Manho; Wu, Yin & Zhong, Minqi
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Regional Effort to Deploy Clean Coal Technologies

Description: The Southern States Energy Board's (SSEB) 'Regional Effort to Deploy Clean Coal Technologies' program began on June 1, 2003, and was completed on January 31, 2009. The project proved beneficial in providing state decision-makers with information that assisted them in removing barriers or implementing incentives to deploy clean coal technologies. This was accomplished through two specific tasks: (1) domestic energy security and diversity; and (2) the energy-water interface. Milestones accomplish… more
Date: January 31, 2009
Creator: Hill, Gerald; Nemeth, Kenneth; Garrett, Gary & Sams, Kimberly
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

The Role of Natural Organic Matter and Mineral Colloids in the Transport of Contaminants through Heterogeneous Vadose-Zone Environments

Description: Our research was guided by a key objective of the Environmental Management Science Program (EMSP), which is to improve conceptual and predictive models for contaminant movement in complex vadose zone environments. In this report, increases in the understanding of colloidcontaminant interactions, colloid mobilization, and colloid deposition within unsaturated soils are cited as requisite needs for predicting contaminant fate and distribution in the vadose zone. We addressed these needs by pursui… more
Date: January 31, 2009
Creator: Saiers, James & Ryan, Joseph
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Thenature of marbled Terra Sigillata slips: a combined mu XRF and mu XRD investigation

Description: In addition to the red terra sigillata production, the largest Gallic workshop (La Graufesenque) made a special type of terra sigillata, called 'marbled' by the archaeologists. Produced exclusively on this site, this pottery is characterized by a surface finish made of a mixture of yellow and red slips. Because the two slips are intimately mixed, it is difficult to obtain the precise composition of one of the two constituents without contamination by the other. In order to obtain very precise c… more
Date: January 31, 2009
Creator: Leon, Yoanna; Sciau, Philippe; Goudeau, Philippe; Tamura, Nobumichi; Webb, Sam & Mehta, Apurva
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
open access

Theoretical Studies of Nucleation Kinetics and Nanodroplet Microstructure

Description: The goals of this project were to (1) explore ways of bridging the gap between fundamental molecular nucleation theories and phenomenological approaches based on thermodynamic reasoning, (2) test and improve binary nucleation theory, and (3) provide the theoretical underpinning for a powerful new experimental technique, small angle neutron scattering (SANS) from nanodroplet aerosols, that can probe the compositional structure of nanodroplets. This report summarizes the accomplishments of this p… more
Date: January 31, 2009
Creator: Wilemski, Gerald
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Afghanistan Security: Lack of Systematic Tracking Raises Significant Accountability Concerns about Weapons Provided to Afghan National Security Forces

Description: A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "The Department of Defense (Defense), through its Combined Security Transition Command-Afghanistan (CSTC-A) and with the Department of State (State), directs international efforts to train and equip Afghan National Security Forces (ANSF). As part of these efforts, the U.S. Army Security Assistance Command (USASAC) and the Navy spent about $120 million to procure small arms and light weapons for ANSF. Int… more
Date: January 30, 2009
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

The African Development Bank Group

Description: This report discusses the African Development Bank (AfDB) Group, which is a regional development bank (RDB) "dedicated to combating poverty and improving the lives of people of the continent." It comprises three lending facilities: the market rate facility, the AfDB; a concessional lending facility, the African Development Fund; and a trust fund established by Nigeria to lend to low-income African countries. The Bank has 53 African members, as well as 24 non-regional members, including the Unit… more
Date: January 30, 2009
Creator: Weiss, Martin A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

ALARA ASSESSMENT OF SETTLER SLUDGE SAMPLING METHODS

Description: The purpose of this assessment is to compare underwater and above water settler sludge sampling methods to determine if the added cost for underwater sampling for the sole purpose of worker dose reductions is justified. Initial planning for sludge sampling included container, settler and knock-out-pot (KOP) sampling. Due to the significantly higher dose consequence of KOP sludge, a decision was made to sample KOP underwater to achieve worker dose reductions. Additionally, initial plans were to … more
Date: January 30, 2009
Creator: LA, NELSEN
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Assessment of the Environmental Impacts of Coalbed Methane Development in the Powder River Basin - Use of Coalbead Methane Produced Water for Cropland Irrigation

Description: Water quality is a major concern with regard to development of coalbed methane (CBM) in the Powder River Basin, Wyoming. Large quantities of water are being produced and discharged as a by-product in the process of releasing natural gas from coal. Current practices of discharging large volumes of water into drainage channels or using it to irrigate cropland areas has the potential to elevate salinity and sodicity in soils. Elevated salinity affects the ability of plants to uptake water to facil… more
Date: January 30, 2009
Creator: Morris, Jeff
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Congress and U.S. Policy on North Korean Human Rights and Refugees: Recent Legislation and Implementation

Description: This report discusses U.S. policy and legislation in response to Pyongyang's human rights record. North Korea's systematic violation of its citizens' human rights and the plight of North Koreans trying to escape their country have been well documented in multiple reports issued by governments and other international bodies.
Date: January 30, 2009
Creator: Chanlett-Avery, Emma
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Consumptive water use in the production of ethanonl and petroleum gasoline.

Description: The production of energy feedstocks and fuels requires substantial water input. Not only do biofuel feedstocks like corn, switchgrass, and agricultural residues need water for growth and conversion to ethanol, but petroleum feedstocks like crude oil and oil sands also require large volumes of water for drilling, extraction, and conversion into petroleum products. Moreover, in many cases, crude oil production is increasingly water dependent. Competing uses strain available water resources and ra… more
Date: January 30, 2009
Creator: Wu, M.; Mintz, M.; Wang, M.; Arora, S. & Systems, Energy
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Debt Management: Treasury's Cash Management Challenges and Timing of Payments to Medicare Private Plans

Description: A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "A timing difference between cash in- and outflows poses challenges for the Department of the Treasury. Increased volatility of monthly cash flows may lead to unexpected short-term debt issuance and hence increased borrowing. While Social Security payments made at the start of the month will diminish gradually in coming years, start-of month payments to Medicare plan sponsors for Medicare Advantage and P… more
Date: January 30, 2009
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

DNA Probe Pooling for Rapid Delineation of Chromosomal Breakpoints

Description: Structural chromosome aberrations are hallmarks of many human genetic diseases. The precise mapping of translocation breakpoints in tumors is important for identification of genes with altered levels of expression, prediction of tumor progression, therapy response, or length of disease-free survival as well as the preparation of probes for detection of tumor cells in peripheral blood. Similarly, in vitro fertilization (IVF) and preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) for carriers of balanced, r… more
Date: January 30, 2009
Creator: Lu, Chun-Mei; Kwan, Johnson; Baumgartner, Adolf; Weier, Jingly F.; Wang, Mei; Escudero, Tomas et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
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