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Border Security and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
The use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) to improve border security is a technique that has garnered congressional attention. This report examines the strengths and limitations of deploying UAVs along the borders and related issues for Congress. This report is not intended to provide in-depth information regarding technical or military capabilities of UAVs, but to discuss their application at the border.
COLAs for Military Retirees: Summary of Congressional and Executive Branch Action, 1982-2003 (FY1983-FY2004)
No Description Available.
COLAs for Military Retirees: Summary of Congressional and Executive Branch Action, 1982-2003 (FY1983-FY2004)
The Omnibus Reconciliation Act of 1982 (which applied to FY1983 budget issues) suspended previously existing permanent law pertaining to cost-of-living adjustments(COLAs) for federal civilian and military retirees, and changed the COLA calculation formulas to postpone and/or reduce future COLAs for military retirees during 1983-1985 (FY1984-FY1986).This report examines executive and congressional COLA-related initiatives associated with each of the fiscal year budgeting processes from calendar year 1982 (FY1983) through calendar year 2000 (FY2001).
MTBE in Gasoline: Clean Air and Drinking Water Issues
No Description Available.
MTBE in Gasoline: Clean Air and Drinking Water Issues
No Description Available.
MTBE in Gasoline: Clean Air and Drinking Water Issues
No Description Available.
Sugar Policy Issues
No Description Available.
Supreme Court Recognition of Fifth Amendment Protection for Acts of Production
No Description Available.
U.S. International Trade: Data and Forecasts
No Description Available.
USA PATRIOT Act Sunset: Provisions That Expire on December 31, 2005
No Description Available.
Defense Cleanup and Environmental Programs: Authorization and Appropriations for FY2004
This report provides background information on defense-related environmental programs, analyzes key implementations issues, and examines final versions of legislation to authorize and appropriate funding for these activities for FY2004.
The Hatch-Waxman Act: Proposed Legislative Changes Affecting Pharmaceutical Patents
This record provides information about The Hatch-Waxman Act: Proposed Legislative Changes Affecting Pharmaceutical Patents. Congressional interests in the cost of Pharmaceuticals have focused attention on several areas where the federal government has policies and programs.
Identity Theft and the Fair Credit Reporting Act: An Analysis of TRW v. Andrews and Current Legislation
This report provides a brief summary of the Fair Credit Reporting Act provisions in question, as well as an analysis of the recent Supreme Court decision and an overview of recently enacted legislation.
Largest Mergers and Acquisitions by Corporations: 2003
No Description Available.
Military Retirement: Major Legislative Issues
This report includes information regarding the major legislative issues concerning military retirement. TERA, survivor benefit COLAs, and retirement budgeting are among topics discussed in this report.
Comparison of California's Financial Information Privacy Act of 2003 with Federal Privacy Provisions
The California Financial Information Privacy Act,1 enacted on August 28, 2003, and effective on July 1, 2004, governs the rights of California residents with respect to the dissemination of nonpublic personal information by financial institutions. In some respects, it diverges from two federal laws that impose restrictions on the dissemination of nonpublic personally identifiable customer information by financial information.
Croatia: 2003 Elections and New Government
This report analyzes the elections and key issues facing the new government of Croatia in 2003.
Dependent Care: Current Tax Benefits and Legislative Issues
This report provides information about the Current Tax Benefits and Legislative Issues on Dependent Care. The dependent care tax credit use the same definition of qualified employment related expenses.
Immigration: Alien Registration
This report reviews the process of temporary legal residents becoming registered as U.S. citizens while providing preliminary factors involved before registration.
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA): Implications of Selected Provisions of the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLBA)
No Description Available.
Salaries of Members of Congress: A List of Payable Rates and Effective Dates, 1789-2004
This report summarizes by what measures the Constitution requires Congress to determine its own pay, the annual payment adjustment procedure, changes in pay over time since 1789, and related legislation.
Salaries of Members of Congress: Current Procedures and Recent Adjustments
No Description Available.
A Sketch of Supreme Court Recognition of Fifth Amendment Protection for Acts of Production
This report discusses privilege under the Court Recognition of Fifth Amendment Protection for Acts of Production. The privilege covers an individual’s actions rather than his speech or writing, yet many incriminating actions such as providing a blood sample or a handwriting sample are ordinarily not protected because they are not testimonial.
The U.S.-Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA): Challenges for Sub-Regional Integration
No Description Available.
Australia, the Southwest Pacific, and United States Interests
This report discusses the details related to U.S interests in the South-west Pacific, U.S - Australian strategic relationships, Australia's role in the region, and China's growing regional influence
Freedom of Speech and Press: Exceptions to the First Amendment
This report provides an overview of the major exceptions to the First Amendment.
Freedom of Speech and Press: Exceptions to the First Amendment
The First Amendment to the United States Constitution provides that “Congress shall make no law . . . abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press. . . .” This language restricts government both more and less than it would if it were applied literally. It restricts government more in that it applies not only to Congress, but to all branches of the federal government, and to all branches of state and local government. It restricts government less in that it provides no protection to some types of speech and only limited protection to others. This report provides an overview of the major exceptions to the First Amendment — of the ways that the Supreme Court has interpreted the guarantee of freedom of speech and press to provide no protection or only limited protection for some types of speech.
A History of Federal Estate, Gift, and Generation-Skipping Taxes
This report details the history of the three federal transfer taxes, tracing their development from their eighteenth century roots to the present.
Iraq: U.S. Regime Change Efforts and Post-Saddam Governance
Operation Iraqi Freedom accomplished a long-standing objective, the overthrow and capture of Saddam Hussein, but replacing that regime with a stable, moderate, democratic political structure has run into difficulty. Past U.S. efforts to change the regime failed because of limited U.S. commitment, disorganization of the Iraqi opposition, and the efficiency and ruthlessness of Iraq’s several overlapping security services. Previous U.S. Administrations had ruled out major U.S. military action to change Iraq’s regime, believing such action would be risky and not necessarily justified by the level of Iraq’s lack of compliance on WMD disarmament.
Senate Legislative Procedures: Published Sources of Information
The Senate publishes its rules, precedents, and other related information so that Senators and their staff have convenient access to the Senate’s legislative procedures and can gauge how those procedures are likely to apply in various situations. Information about the Senate’s legislative procedures is published in four official documents. This report discusses these documents.
U.N. Convention on the Law of the Sea: Living Resources Provisions
No Description Available.
USA PATRIOT Act Sunset: A Sketch
No Description Available.
Fishery, Aquaculture, and Marine Mammal Legislation in the 108th Congress
This report provides information about the Fishery, Aquaculture, and Marine Mammal Legislation in the 108th Congress. fish and marine are important resources in the open ocean and nearshore coastal areas.
Monitoring Foreign Students in the United States: The Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS)
No Description Available.
Prescription Drug Importation and Internet Sales: A Legal Overview
No Description Available.
Social Security: Coverage of Household Workers - A Fact Sheet
No Description Available.
Transnational Organized Crime: U.S. Policy, Programs, and Related Issues
No Description Available.
Alternative Transportation Fuels and Vehicles: Energy, Environment, and Development Issues
This report reviews several issues relating to alternative fuels and vehicles, mainly to combat dependence on petroleum imports and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The report discusses the advantages and drawbacks of various alternative fuels and vehicles, as well as related legislation.
Arming Pilots Against Terrorism: Implementation Issues for the Federal Flight Deck Officer Program
The report discusses the issues regarding the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (P.L. 107-296, 116 Stat. 2135), which contains provisions to arm pilots of passenger aircraft and gives deputized pilots the authority to use force, including lethal force, to defend the flight deck against criminal and terrorist threats. The report includes the legislative Background, implementation issues, equipment, training, operational procedures and costs.
Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002: Summary and Comparison with Previous Law
The Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002 was enacted on March 27, 2002 as P.L. 107-155. It passed the House on February 14, 2002, as H.R. 2356 (Shays- Meehan), by a 240-189 vote. Its companion measure, on which it was largely based, had initially been passed by the Senate in 2001 as S. 27 (McCain-Feingold). On March 20, 2002, however, the Senate approved the House-passed H.R. 2356 by a 60- 40 vote, thus avoiding a conference to reconcile differences between S. 27 and H.R. 2356. The two primary features of P.L. 107-155 are restrictions on party soft money and issue advocacy.
“Boutique Fuels” and Reformulated Gasoline: Harmonization of Fuel Standards
This report discusses how gasoline composition is regulated,explains various federal and state gasoline standards,presents some of the key issues with federal RFG program and some of the problems associated with the boutique fuels issue and the potential effects of harmonization.Finally discusses the bills in the 108th Congress related to boutique fuels,RFG and harmonization.
Clean Air Act Issues in the 108th Congress
This report discusses the conference report on the energy bill which came to the house and senate floor for action the week of November 17, that contains several clean air act provisions. It also points out the most recent developments on clean air act issues.
Hydropower Licenses and Relicensing Conditions: Current Issues and Legislative Activity
This report provides an overview of the current issues and legislative activity of the hydro power licenses and re-licensing conditions.
Safe Harbor for Service Providers Under the Digital Millennium Copyright Act
No Description Available.
Social Security: The Government Pension Offset
No Description Available.
Social Security: The Windfall Benefit Provision
This report discusses the windfall elimination provision, which reduces the Social Security benefits of workers who also have pension benefits from employment not covered by Social Security. Its purpose is to remove an advantage these workers would otherwise receive because of Social Security's benefit formula that favors workers with smaller amounts of Social Security-covered career earnings. Opponents contend that the provision is basically inaccurate and often unfair. In both the 107th and 108th Congresses, five bills have been introduced that would modify or repeal the provision.
Anti-Tax-Shelter and Other Revenue-Raising Tax Proposals
This report is on Anti-Tax-Shelter and Other revenue-raising Tax Proposals.
Appropriations for FY2004: Department of Homeland Security
This report is a guide to appropriations of Department of Homeland Security for FY2004.
Harbors and Inland Waterways: An Overview of Federal Financing
This report outlines the commercial navigation system, how the federal government finances the system, some of the proposals to change federal financing, and challengess to the then future of harbors and inland waterways.
Historical Effective Marginal Tax Rates on Capital Income
This report provides the historical effective marginal tax rates on capital income.
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