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open access

Japan: Prospects for Greater Market Openness

Description: Japan has made considerable progress in opening its economy to imports, but significant obstacles remain. This report analyzes the underlying causes of Japan's market protection and assesses the prospects for Japan moving in the direction of greater market openness.
Date: June 26, 1989
Creator: Ahearn, Raymond J.
open access

Japan-U.S. Trade Negotiations: Will the Deadlock Be Broken?

Description: The United States and Japan have been deadlocked for over a year in an effort to reach agreements under the July 1993 Framework for a New Economic Relationship. The overriding obstacle has concerned the issue of how to measure progress under future agreements to open Japan's market further to foreign goods and services.
Date: September 13, 1994
Creator: Ahearn, Raymond J.
open access

Japan's Response to U.S. Trade Pressures: End of an Era?

Description: Over the past 30 years, U.S. trade negotiators have pressured Japan to open its market to foreign goods and services. These outside pressures, known as gaiatsu in Japan, have been based partly on economically coercive bargaining and partly on invitation. The coercive element, which has entailed threats of retaliatory market constriction should a satisfactory resolution of the market opening dispute not be forthcoming, generally has been a necessary ingredient in obtaining concessions from Japan… more
Date: June 12, 1995
Creator: Ahearn, Raymond J.
open access

Nuclear Power Plant Design and Seismic Safety Considerations

Description: This report presents some of the general design concepts of operating nuclear power plants in order to discuss design considerations for seismic events. This report does not attempt to conclude whether one design is inherently safer or less safe than another plant. Nor does it attempt to conclude whether operating nuclear power plants are at any greater or lesser risk from earthquakes given recent updates to seismic data and seismic hazard maps.
Date: January 12, 2012
Creator: Andrews, Anthony & Folger, Peter
open access

Nuclear Power Plant Design and Seismic Safety Considerations

Description: This report presents some of the general design concepts of operating nuclear power plants in order to discuss design considerations for seismic events. This report does not attempt to conclude whether one design is inherently safer or less safe than another plant. Nor does it attempt to conclude whether operating nuclear power plants are at any greater or lesser risk from earthquakes given recent updates to seismic data and seismic hazard maps.
Date: January 12, 2012
Creator: Andrews, Anthony & Folger, Peter
open access

Ichiban: The Dosimetry Program for Nuclear Bomb Survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki - A Status Report as of April 1, 1964

Description: From Abstract: "The approach to the problem has been as fundamental as possible with emphasis on quantitative measurements and calculations of the energy, angular, and spatial distributions of weapons radiations in an air-over-ground geometry. Spatial distributions of dose in various shields, including Japanese dwellings, have been measured. Techniques have been developed in Japan for verifying the location of survivors and accurately describing their shielding environments."
Date: April 1964
Creator: Auxier, J. A.
open access

Technical Concept-Operation Bren

Description: From Abstract: "The Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Health Physics Research Reactor is to be attached to a hoist platform on a 1500-ft tower at the Nevada Test Site (NTS). The project is a continuation of the studies commenced in 1956 for evaluating the radiation doses of persons exposed to nuclear weapons, especially the residents of Hiroshima and Nagaski, Japan. Measurements will be made of the energy, angular, and spatial distributions of the radiation from the reactor."
Date: December 1961
Creator: Auxier, J. A.; Sanders, F. W.; Haywood, F. F.; Thorngate, J. H. & Cheka, J. S.
open access

Japan-U.S. Automotive Framework Talks

Description: The U.S.-Japan framework talks were initiated in July 1993. The automotive negotiations between Japan and the United States focused on sales of U.S. vehicles in Japan; sales of U.S.-made original equipment parts in Japan and to Japanese transplants in the United States; and deregulation of the market for replacement parts in Japan. An unresolved dispute over shock absorbers and other replacement parts resulted in the United States launching a formal investigation of Japanese market barriers to … more
Date: November 10, 1994
Creator: Bass, Gwenell L.
open access

Potential F-22 Raptor Export to Japan

Description: This report discusses issues surrounding Japan's interest in purchasing the F-22A Raptor aircraft from the United States. Although the export of the plane is now prohibited by U.S. law, Congress has recently and may again consider repealing this ban.
Date: July 2, 2007
Creator: Bolkcom, Christopher & Chanlett-Avery, Emma
open access

Potential F-22 Raptor Export to Japan

Description: This report discusses issues surrounding Japan's interest in purchasing the F-22A Raptor aircraft from the United States. Although the export of the plane is now prohibited by U.S. law, Congress has recently and may again consider repealing this ban.
Date: March 11, 2009
Creator: Bolkcom, Christopher & Chanlett-Avery, Emma
open access

Effects of Radiation from Fukushima Dai-ichi on the U.S. Marine Environment

Description: The massive Tohoku earthquake and tsunami of March 11, 2011, caused extensive damage in northeastern Japan, including damage to the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power installation, which resulted in the release of radiation. Concerns arose about the potential effects of this released radiation on the U.S. marine environment and resources.
Date: April 2, 2012
Creator: Buck, Eugene H. & Upton, Harold F.
open access

Effects of Radiation from Fukushima Dai-ichi on the U.S. Marine Environment

Description: The massive Tohoku earthquake and tsunami of March 11, 2011, caused extensive damage in northeastern Japan, including damage to the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power installation, which resulted in the release of radiation. Concerns have arisen about the potential effects of this released radiation on the U.S. marine environment and resources. This report discusses these concerns.
Date: January 20, 2012
Creator: Buck, Eugene H. & Upton, Harold F.
open access

Effects of Radiation from Fukushima Daiichi on the U.S. Marine Environment

Description: The massive Tohoku earthquake and tsunami of March 11, 2011, caused extensive damage in northeastern Japan, including damage to the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power installation, which resulted in the release of radiation. This report discusses concerns which have arisen about the potential effects of this released radiation on the U.S. marine environment and resources.
Date: April 15, 2011
Creator: Buck, Eugene H. & Upton, Harold F.
open access

Effects of Radiation from Fukushima Daiichi on the U.S. Marine Environment

Description: The massive Tohoku earthquake and tsunami of March 11, 2011, caused extensive damage in northeastern Japan, including damage to the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power installation, which resulted in the release of radiation. This report discusses concerns about the potential effects of this released radiation on the U.S. marine environment and resources.
Date: April 5, 2011
Creator: Buck, Eugene H.; Upton, Harold F. & Folger, Peter
open access

Fukushima Nuclear Crisis

Description: This report briefly discusses the March 11, 2001, earthquake off the east coast of Honshu, Japan's largest island. The earthquake caused an automatic shutdown of eleven of Japan's fifty-five operating nuclear power plants. The plants closes to the earthquake's epicenter, Fukushima and Onagawa, were damaged by the earthquake and resulting tsunami. This report also discusses efforts by the United States and other countries to provide assistance to Japan to deal with the nuclear crisis.
Date: March 15, 2011
Creator: Campbell, Richard J.
open access

Fukushima Nuclear Crisis

Description: This report briefly discusses the March 11, 2001 earthquake off the east coast of Honshu, Japan's largest island. The earthquake caused an automatic shutdown of eleven of Japan's fifty-five operating nuclear power plants, though the plants closest to the earthquake's epicenter, Fukushima and Onagawa, were damaged by the earthquake and resulting tsunami. This report also discusses efforts by the United States and other countries to provide assistance to Japan to deal with the nuclear crisis.
Date: April 4, 2011
Creator: Campbell, Richard J. & Holt, Mark
open access

The Motor Vehicle Supply Chain: Effects of the Japanese Earthquake and Tsunami

Description: This report discusses the effect that the March 2011 Great Tohoku Earthquake and Tsunami in the northeast coast of Japan has on the auto production facilities in the United States. Not long after the earthquake and tsunami the disruptions in Japanese industrial activity, the impact on global supply chains could also be significant. This is especially important in industries such as autos, telecommunications and consumer electronics.
Date: May 23, 2011
Creator: Canis, Bill
open access

Accelerated Vehicle Retirement Programs in Japan and South Korea: Background for Congress

Description: This report discusses the accelerated vehicle retirement (AVR) programs initiated in 2009 by the United States, Japan, South Korea, and other industrial nations (commonly known in the U.S. as the "cash for clunkers" program). The U.S. program began in June 2009, when President Obama signed the Consumer Assistance to Recycle and Save (CARS) Act. The report discusses how these various AVR programs affected the automobile industries in the U.S., Japan, and South Korea, specifically. Neither Japan … more
Date: October 26, 2010
Creator: Canis, Bill; Grimmett, Jeanne J.; Platzer, Michaela D. & Yacobucci, Brent D.
open access

The Changing U.S.-Japan Alliance: Implications for U.S. Interests

Description: This report examines policy changes that have driven actual and proposed shifts in the alliance between the U.S. and Japan. Key features of the proposals include a reduction in the number of U.S. Marines in Japan, the relocation of a controversial Marine air base in Okinawa, expanded cooperation in training and intelligence sharing, and command structure changes. The report concludes with a number of potential options for U.S. policymakers to protect U.S. security interests in the Asia Pacific.… more
Date: January 10, 2008
Creator: Chanlett-Avery, Emma
open access

Japan-U.S. Relations: Issues for Congress

Description: This report discusses issues regarding U.S.-Japan economic relations, since the economic condition of each nation can affect the world economy and a U.S.-Japan bilateral economic relationship could influence economic conditions in other countries. U.S. and Japanese leaders have several options on how to manage their relationship, including stronger reliance on the World Trade Organization; special bilateral negotiating frameworks and agreements; or a free trade agreement.
Date: January 13, 2015
Creator: Chanlett-Avery, Emma
open access

Rising Energy Competition and Energy Security in Northeast Asia: Issues for U.S. Policy

Description: This report analyzes how China, Japan, and South Korea's pursuits to bolster their energy security impacts U.S. interests. It also examines decisions being made by Asian states now that will significantly shape global affairs in the future, how these decisions might play out, and how Congress and the executive branch might play a role in those decisions.
Date: May 13, 2008
Creator: Chanlett-Avery, Emma
open access

Rising Energy Competition and Energy Security in Northeast Asia: Issues for U.S. Policy

Description: This report analyzes how China, Japan, and South Korea's pursuits to bolster their energy security impacts U.S. interests. It also examines decisions being made by Asian states now that will significantly shape global affairs in the future, how these decisions might play out, and how Congress and the executive branch might play a role in those decisions.
Date: May 13, 2008
Creator: Chanlett-Avery, Emma
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