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Sulfur removal in advanced two stage pressurized fluidized bed combustion. Technical report, 1 March--31 May 1994

Description: The objective of this study is to obtain data on the rates of reaction between hydrogen sulfide (H{sub 2}S) and uncalcined calcium-based sorbents under operating conditions relevant to first stage (carbonizer) of Advanced Two-Stage Pressurized Fluidized-Bed Combustors (PFBC). In these systems the CO{sub 2} partial pressure in the first stage generally exceeds the equilibrium value for calcium carbonate decomposition. Therefore, removal of sulfur compounds takes place through the reaction betwee… more
Date: September 1, 1994
Creator: Abbasian, J.; Chowdiah, P.; Hill, A. H. & Rue, D. M.
open access

Development of novel copper-based sorbents for hot-gas cleanup. [Quarterly] technical report, September 1--November 30, 1993

Description: The objective of this investigation is to evaluate two novel copper-based sorbents, namely copper-chromium and copper-cerium, for their effectiveness in removing hydrogen sulfide from fuel gas in the temperature range of 650{degree} to 850{degree}C. Such high temperatures will be required for the new generation of gas turbines (inlet >750{degree}C) in Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) systems. The effect of pre-reduction on the performance of the sorbents as well as the rate of diff… more
Date: March 1, 1994
Creator: Abbasian, J.; Hill, A. H.; Flytzani-Stephanopoulos, M. & Li Li
open access

Development of novel copper-based sorbents for hot-gas cleanup. Technical report, 1 March--31 May 1994

Description: The objective of this investigation is to evaluate two novel copper-based sorbents, namely copper-chromium and copper-cerium, for their effectiveness in removing hydrogen sulfide from fuel gas in the temperature range of 650 to 850 C. Such high temperatures will be required for the new generation of gas turbines (inlet > 750 C) in Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) systems. Results of fixed-bed reactor tests conducted in this quarter, indicate that, at 750 C, pre-reduction with H{sub… more
Date: September 1, 1994
Creator: Abbasian, J.; Hill, A. H.; Flytzani-Stephanopoulos, M. & Li, Z.
open access

Development of novel copper-based sorbents for hot-gas cleanup. [Quarterly] technical report, December 1, 1993--February 28, 1994

Description: The objective of this investigation is to evaluate two novel copper-based sorbents, namely copper-chromium and copper-cerium, for their effectiveness in removing hydrogen sulfide from fuel gas in the temperature range of 650{degree} to 850{degree}. Such high temperatures will be required for the new generation of gas turbines (inlet >750{degree}C) in Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) systems. The effect of pre-reduction with H{sub 2}, in the presence of H{sub 2}O on the performance … more
Date: June 1, 1994
Creator: Abbasian, J.; Hill, A. H.; Flytzani-Stephanopoulos, M. & Li, Zhijiang
open access

Sulfur removal in advanced two-stage fluidized-bed combustion. [Quarterly] technical report, December 1, 1993--February 28, 1994

Description: The objective of this study is to obtain data on the rates of reaction between, hydrogen sulfide (H{sub 2}S) and uncalcined calcium-based sorbents under operating conditions relevant to first stage (carbonizer) of Advanced Two-Stage Pressurized Fluidized-Bed Combustors (PFBC). In these systems the CO{sub 2} partial pressure in the first stage generally exceeds the equilibrium value for calcium carbonate decomposition. Therefore, removal of sulfur compounds takes place through the reaction betwe… more
Date: June 1, 1994
Creator: Abbasian, J.; Hill, A. H.; Wangerow, J. R. & Rue, D. M.
open access

Sulfur removal in advanced two-staged pressurized fluidized-bed combustion; [Quarterly] report, September 1--November 1993

Description: The objective of this study is to obtain data on the rates of reaction between hydrogen sulfide (H{sub 2}S) and uncalcined calcium-based sorbents under operating conditions relevant to first stage (carbonizer) of Advanced Two-Stage Pressurized Fluidized-Bed Combustors (PFBC). In these systems the CO{sub 2} partial pressure in the first stage generally exceeds the equilibrium value for calcium carbonate decomposition. Therefore, removal of sulfur compounds takes place through the reaction betwee… more
Date: March 1, 1994
Creator: Abbasian, Javad; Hill, Andy H.; Wangerow, James R. & Rue, David M.
open access

Sulfur removal in advanced two stage pressurized fluidized bed combustion. Technical report, September 1--November 30, 1994

Description: The objective of this study is to obtain data on the rates and the extent of sulfation reactions involving partially sulfided calcium-based sorbents, and oxygen as well as sulfur dioxide, at operating conditions closely simulating those prevailing in the second stage (combustor) of Advanced Two-Stage Pressurized Fluidized-Bed Combustors (PFBC). In these systems the CO{sub 2} partial pressure generally exceeds the equilibrium value for calcium carbonate decomposition. Therefore, calcium sulfate … more
Date: December 31, 1994
Creator: Abbasian, Javad; Hill, Andy; Wangerow, James R. & Honea, Franklin I.
open access

Spent Fuel Background Report Volume I

Description: This report is an overview of current spent nuclear fuel management in the DOE complex. Sources of information include published literature, internal DOE documents, interviews with site personnel, and information provided by individual sites. Much of the specific information on facilities and fuels was provided by the DOE sites in response to the questionnaire for data for spent fuels and facilities data bases. This information is as accurate as is currently available, but is subject to revisio… more
Date: March 1, 1994
Creator: Abbott, D.
open access

Application of Clean Water (CWA) Section 404 compensatory wetland mitigation under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA)

Description: Pursuant to Section 404 of the Clean Water Act (CWA), activities resulting in the discharge of dredge or fill material into waters of the US, including wetlands, require permit authorization from the US Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE). As part of the Section 404 permitting process, compensatory wetland mitigation in the form of wetland enhancement, restoration, or construction may be required to off-set impacts sustained under a Section 404 permit. Under normal circumstances, compensatory mitiga… more
Date: June 1, 1994
Creator: Abbott, D. J. & Straub, C. A.
open access

Rheological characterization of nuclear waste using falling-ball rheometry

Description: Knowledge of the rheological properties of saturated solutions containing solid particles is very important in nuclear waste management technology. For example, the nuclear waste in the Hanford Site high-level radioactive waste tanks contains strong electrolyte solutions with a high concentration of solids. Previous attempt using rotational viscometers to determine the rheology has shown unusual thixotropic and shear thinning behaviors with a lack of reproducibility. Using falling-ball rheometr… more
Date: July 1, 1994
Creator: Abbott, J. R.; Unal, C.; Stephens, T.; Pasamehmetoglu, K. O.; Graham, A. L. & Edwards, J. N.
open access

Flywheel energy storage using superconducting magnetic bearings

Description: Storage of electrical energy on a utility scale is currently not practicable for most utilities, preventing the full utilization of existing base-load capacity. A potential solution to this problem is Flywheel Energy Storage (FES), made possible by technological developments in high-temperature superconducting materials. Commonwealth Research Corporation (CRC), the research arm of Commonwealth Edison Company, and Argonne National Laboratory are implementing a demonstration project to advance th… more
Date: April 1, 1994
Creator: Abboud, R. G.; Uherka, K.; Hull, J. & Mulcahy, T.
open access

Hazardous materials in Aquatic environments of the Mississippi River basin. Quarterly project status report, 1 January 1994--30 March 1994

Description: Projects associated with this grant for studying hazardous materials in aquatic environments of the Mississippi River Basin are reviewed and goals, progress and research results are discussed. New, one-year initiation projects are described briefly.
Date: June 1, 1994
Creator: Abdelghani, A.
open access

First results from SAGE II

Description: The Russian-American Gallium solar neutrino Experiment (SAGE) began the second phase of operation (SAGE II) in September of 1992. Monthly measurements of the integral flux of solar neutrinos have been made with 55 tonnes of gallium. The K-peak results of the first five runs of SAGE II give a capture rate of 76{sub {minus}18}{sup +21} (stat) {sub {minus}7}{sup +5} (sys) SNU. combined with the SAGE I result, the capture rate is 74{sub {minus}12}{sup +13} (stat) {sub {minus}7}{sup +5} (sys) SNU. T… more
Date: July 1, 1994
Creator: Abdurashitov, J. N.; Faizov, E. L. & Gavrin, V. N.
open access

Numerical Studies on Soliton Propagation in the Dielectric Media by the Nonlinear Lorentz Computational Model

Description: Soliton propagation in the dielectric media has been simulated by using the nonlinear Lorentz computational model, which was recently developed to study the propagation of electromagnetic waves in a linear and a nonlinear dielectric. The model is constructed by combining a microscopic model used in the semi-classical approximation for dielectric media and the particle model developed for the plasma simulations. The carrier wave frequency is retained in the simulation so that not only the envelo… more
Date: June 1, 1994
Creator: Abe, H. & Okuda, H.
open access

Numerical studies on the electromagnetic properties of the nonlinear Lorentz Computational model for the dielectric media

Description: We study linear and nonlinear properties of a new computer simulation model developed to study the propagation of electromagnetic waves in a dielectric medium in the linear and nonlinear regimes. The model is constructed by combining a microscopic model used in the semi-classical approximation for the dielectric media and the particle model developed for the plasma simulations. It is shown that the model may be useful for studying linear and nonlinear wave propagation in the dielectric media.
Date: June 1, 1994
Creator: Abe, H. & Okuda, H.
open access

Scintillating glass fiber neutron senors

Description: Cerium-doped lithium-silicate glass fibers have been developed at Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) for use as thermal neutron detectors. By using highly-enriched {sup 6} Li , these fibers efficiently capture thermal neutrons and produce scintillation light that can be detected at the ends of the fibers. Advantages of scintillating fibers over {sup 3}He or BF{sub 3} proportional tubes include flexibility in geometric configuration, ruggedness in high-vibration environments, and less detector w… more
Date: April 1, 1994
Creator: Abel, K. H.; Arthur, R. J. & Bliss, M.
open access

Scintillating glass fiber-optic neutron sensors

Description: Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) has fabricated cerium-activated lithium silicate scintillating fibers via a hot-downdraw process. These fibers, which, as produced, typically have a transmission length (e{sup {minus}1} length) of greater than 2 meters, are found to undergo aging when subjected to room air. The aging, which is complete in a few weeks, reduces the transmission length to the order of 0.5 meter. Because of the high alkali content of the glass (on the order of 20--30 mole % lithia… more
Date: April 1, 1994
Creator: Abel, K. H.; Arthur, R. J. & Bliss, M.
open access

Factors affecting the quality of fish caught by Native Americans in the Zone 6 fishery 1991 through 1993

Description: A program to monitor the salmon and steelhead (Oncorhynchus spp.) fishery in the lower Columbia River (Zone 6 fishery) was initiated in 1991 to respond to questions and comments frequently made by Native Americans at public meetings. Native Americans were concerned that the quality of the Columbia River had deteriorated and that the poor environmental conditions had affected the health and quality of fish they relied on for subsistence, ceremonial, religious, and commercial purposes. They also … more
Date: September 1, 1994
Creator: Abernethy, C. S.
open access

The role of catalyst precursor anions in coal gasification. Tenth quarterly report

Description: This project investigates the roles of various aqueous soluble catalyst precursors containing various anions, specifically acetate (CH{sub 3}COO{sup {minus}}), chloride (Cl{sup {minus}}), nitrate (NO{sub 3}{sup {minus}}), sulfate (SO{sub 4}{sup 2{minus}}) and carbonate (CO{sub 3}{sup 2{minus}}) on the surface electrical properties of coal and seeks to understand the effects of these salts on the adsorption, dispersion and activities of calcium and potassium. The current report discusses the rea… more
Date: July 1, 1994
Creator: Abotsi, G. M. K.
open access

Optimizing the Turbo-Roto-Compound (TRC) Engine. Final report

Description: Results of multidimensional computations of sprays in a very high pressure constant volume chamber are presented in two parts. Comparisons of computed and measured penetrations of non-vaporizing and vaporizing sprays are presented. A broad range of density ratios (0.005 to 0.243) is covered. It is shown that, provided sufficient numerical resolution is used, the model can adequately reproduce the measurements. Scaling laws for time and distance derived in a previous publication are found to app… more
Date: August 15, 1994
Creator: Abraham, J.
open access

Preliminary analysis of the ORNL Liquid Low-Level Waste system

Description: The objective of this report is to summarize the status of the Liquid Low-Level Waste (LLLW) Systems Analysis project. The focus of this project has been to collect and tabulate data concerning the LLLW system, analyze the current LLLW system operation, and develop the information necessary for the development of long-term treatment options for the LLLW generated at ORNL. The data used in this report were collected through a survey of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) literature, various let… more
Date: August 1, 1994
Creator: Abraham, T. J.; DePaoli, S. M.; Robinson, S. M. & Walker, A. B.
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