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- 0-2 kv Flash Tube Supplies
- In order to perform the various experiments with a bubble chamber, a high intensity flash tube is used. This report briefly describes the power supplies designed and constructed to power these lamps.
- 6 kv Capacitor Charging Supply
- The power supplies designed and constructed to power high intensity flash tubes used in bubble chamber experiments are briefly described and are accompanied by a schematic diagram of the layout. (D.C.W.)
- An 8-Matrix Theory of the Vertex p - NN Based on the Strip Approximation
- The present study was motivated by an attempt to understand low energy [formula] scattering within the framework of the bootstrap principle and the un-Reggeized version of the strip approximation. This work attempts to generate low energy [formula] scattering in the p(1,1) and p(3,3) states assuming the potential operating in these states is generated by the exchange of low mass meson states in the crossed t-channel and low mass baryon states in the crossed u channel. In particular, the p-meson is kept in channel t; the p mass and the coupling of [formula] and [formula] appear as parameters. The parameters of the nucleon and (3,3) poles are taken as the elements to be determined by self-consistency.
- 9-ANGIE : a Two-Dimensional, Multigroup, Neutron-Diffusion-Theory Reactor Code for the IBM 709 or 7090
- The 9-ANGIE, one of a series of reactor neutronic programs for an IBM 709 or 7090 data processing system, solves the time-dependent, multi-group, neutron diffusion equation for one to eighteen energy groups applied to a rectangular mesh superimposed on either an x-y or an r-z plane. It is characterized by its generalities in region description, boundary conditions, etc., without sacrificing simplicity of input preparation and ease of machine operation. The notation, the style, and the format have been held as consistent as possible with 9-ZOOM, the companion one-dimensional program.
- 9-Zoom : A One-Dimensional, Multigroup, Neutron Diffusion Theory Reactor Code for the IBM 709 [Supplement]
- The following document describes the usage of the LRL 9-ZOOM code, a neutron diffusion theory reactor code for the IBM 709. The code has been modified to solve configuration of a series of stacked cylindrical disks, designating a new geometry case.
- 20-ton HE Cratering Experiments in Desert Alluvium: Final Report, May 1962
- From abstract and summary: Project Stagecoach consisted of the detonation of three 40,000-pound charges. Blocks of cast TNT were stacked to resemble a sphere and, the whole center-detonated.
- 80" Bubble Chamber Expansion System Preliminary Operating Procedures
- These procedures are intended to be used for the initial operation of the expansion system and serve as a basis for a more complete and revised form to be written once operating experience has been gained. An attempt has been made to offer a logical and systematic presentation to facilitate operation and maintenance of the system by the operating personnel. Thus, the sequence of valve actuations has been presented in matrix and check list form to minimize errors; this also has the advantage of making it easier to adapt certain expansion system procedures to programmed control by a process control computer.
- 80" Bubble Chamber Expansion System Summary of Piston Motion Studies
- Prior to assembly into the 80" bubble chamber, the expansion system was subjected to a series of tests to check piston dynamics and gain information on the reliability of the various components. Furthermore, the rest provided operating personnel with the opportunity to become familiar with the operation and maintenance of the expansion system. Two separate tests were performed with the apparatus that was located at the north end of the AGS experimental area; one during the week of Oct. 15 and the other during the week of Nov. 12. The system was run with helium gas supplied from AGS compressor room and the piston was operated at room temperature.
- 80" Chamber - Low Energy Beams
- One of the major, as well as first, decisions which must be taken on a large chamber is to decide on the direction of the magnetic field, i.e., vertical or horizontal. Either alternative has advantages and disadvantages ad it is the intention of this note to discuss these features.
- 100-N Decontamination Facility Design Guide.
- Space has been reserved near the southeast corner of the 100-N Area for the 122-N Decontamination Facility. Previous correspondence between Burns and Roe, Inc and General Electric bae discussed various facilities which might be needed in the building. The concepts of the decontamination processes are under active development by research groups at Hanford. At present, there are several workable processes known; each one has one or more fairly serious drawbacks.
- 568 Report
- Final report for a grant contract documenting information about the scope of the project and results.
- 1961 Salmon Survey
- Explanation of research methods and data collected during a salmon survey at the Project Chariot site near Seattle, Washington.
- [3D Viewer]
- Black cardboard viewer with plastic lenses, "for printed stereo photographs." It has scored portions and instructions for folding the cardboard to create a standing viewer to look through the lenses and keep the image at a distance.
- The 4K ANGIE Code
- The ANGIE, one of a series of reactor neutronic programs for an IBM 709 or 7090 data processing system, solves the time-dependent, multi-group, neutron diffusion equation for 1 to 26 energy groups applied to a rectangular mesh superimposed on either an x-y or an r-z plane.
- ABCC-NIH Adult Health Study Hiroshima 1958-60. Cardiovascular Project Report Number 6, Heart Size Norm
- Data on 13,000 person 15 yr of age or older obtained during detailed clinical examinations, including radiological recorded heart size, were correlated with sex, age, height, and weight of subjects to arrive at a standard heart size for Hiroshima residents This information will be used in investigations cardiovascular disease in the population.
- Abscopal Effects of Localized Irradiation by Accelerator Beams
- The aim of this series of experiments was to evaluate the existence of abscopal effects of irradiation. No attempt was made towards the elucidation of mechanisms. Very early in the history of radiological research it was noticed radiation produces both local and general effects involving the entire body. Gauss and Lembcke introduced the term "Roentgenkater" (radiation sickness). They ascribed these "General Effects" to the circulation of toxic substances released from cells that disintegrated following irradiation.
- Absorption and Turnover Rates of Iron Measured by the Whole Body Counter
- Human iron metabolism has been extensively studied in the past twenty-five years with the radioisotopes iron⁵⁵ and iron⁵⁹. Before the availability of the whole body counter, however, iron absorption studies were performed by the indirect methods of fecal assay of unabsorbed radioiron, and estimation of red cell incorporation of absorbed tracer. The few long-term excretion studies performed required numerous assumptions, since human iron excretion was less well understood. Whole body counting provides a simple and accurate method of measuring the total body retention of administrative tracer iron⁵⁹, thus making absorption and subsequent excretion determinations possible with a single radioiron study. The energetic gamma emissions of iron⁵⁹ permit ready external detection with small quantities of isotope, Normal radioiron distribution is uniform throughout the circulating red cell mass and thus minimize geometry influences on the counting efficiency, 0nly the 45.1 day half-life of iron⁵⁹ limits long term iron turnover studies. Measurements of iron⁵⁹ absorption and long-term body turnover have been under way at Brookhaven National Laboratory for over two years. The present paper outlines some of the results of these studies, and discusses some implications of the method.
- ABWR: PL-2 Design Report
- From preface: This report satisfies the quarterly progress report requirements for PL-1 and PL-2 plant design work for the period ending September 30, 1960 At present time a SL-1 Core 2 is under construction. This is a replacement core for SL-1 (ALPR) and will be identical to a PL-2 core; a PL condenser is under test at the SL-1 facility; final construction plans for PL components and modules which are not site sensitive will be completed in March 1961.
- Acceleration of Deuterons or Alpha Particles in the AGS
- The magnetic field of the AGS ring can contain particles of magnetic rigidity about 34 Bv/c. This includes not only protons of kinetic energy 33 Bev, but also 32 Bev deuterons, 64 Bev alpha particles, and conceivably heavier nuclei such as 188 Bev carbon nuclei. It will be shown in this paper that such nuclei can be injected and accelerated in the AGS if some rather small modifications are made in the injection and acceleration systems. What physics could be done with such beams? Several types of experiments may be suggested. In the first place, since the deuteron is a rather loosely bound combination of a neutron and a proton, it is likely to break up when it hits a target nucleus (stripping reaction). In a considerable fraction of the collisions the neutron will go straight on with essentially unchanged energy (half the deuteron energy). Therefore, with an internal target bombarded by 30 Bev deuterons one should obtain an intense, rather well collimated and monochromatic beam of 15 Bev neutrons in the forward direction.
- Acceleration of Polarized Protons to Relativistic Energies
- Maintenance of polarization of polarized protons in a linear accelerator is known to be feasible. Circular accelerators present a different problem, and the investigation of the interaction of orbit dynamics and particle polarization in general is undertaken. The equation of motion of the spin vector of a charged particle in a magnetic field as formulated by Bargmann, Michel, and Telegdi is utilized in the study of depolarization for several accelerators. High values of depolarization are obtained, and means for avoiding such depolarization are suggested. (D.C.W.)
- Accelerator Beam Pulsing System With Extremely Wide Range of Pulse Lengths and Pulse Repetition Rates
- The following document describes the usage and results of sending pulsed beams of electrically charged particles with electrically wide range of pulse lengths and pulse repetition rates.
- Accurate Nuclear Fuel Burnup Analyses: Third Quarterly Progress Report June - August, 1962
- Work has continued on the development of accurate nuclear fuel burnup analysis. Work performed by the third quarter of 1962 is summarized.
- Acoustic Flowmeter Prototype Evaluation Tests
- Summary: "Prototype tests of an acoustic flowmeter system were made in a 24-ftdiam power penstock at Oahe Dam to evaluate the system prior to permanent installation in the outlet works at Summersville Dam. Comparative discharge measurements included acoustic, penstock pressure-momentum (Gibson), turbine model test ratings, scroll-case pressure differential (Winter-Kennedy flowmeter), and surge tank volume changes. The acoustic flowmeter measurements were very consistent and many of the comparisons were within 1%. The location of the measuring section for a single-path acoustic flowmeter must be selected to give a known or measurable relation between the flow pattern of the whole section and that along the acoustic path" (p. xi).
- Adaptation of a Commercial Counter X-Ray Diffractometer for Investigations to 3000°C
- The rapid advances in many technologically important areas have not only served to accentuate the increased demands for high temperature metals and ceramics but have necessitated a more through knowledge of their physical properties when exposed to high temperature service. Toward this latter end, the use of X-ray diffraction has proved an invaluable tool in providing data of regions of thermal stability, expansion coefficients, solid solubility limits, and phase transformations by direct examination at temperature. Since this Laboratory has for some time now been engaged in the study of refractory nuclear materials, it was thought desirable to employ and possibly extend this technique to temperatures ranging up to 3000°C. This communication will describe the equipment developed for this purpose, with experimental results to be described in subsequent publications.
- Addendum to Hazard Summary Report Experimental Breeder Reactor-II (EBR-II)
- Report containing hazard and safety information regarding the Experimental Breeder Reactor-II in Idaho.
- Additional Miscellaneous Tools in the HRT Core
- This memorandum presents a description of several additional miscellaneous HRT core maintenance tools, not in an earlier report (1). These tools were used in the removal of the cut up diffuser plates, probing the core wall, gauging the size of the holes, and other simple tasks. Function, design, and operation are described for the following items.
- Additional Physical Property Data, U12g.01 Tunnel, Nevada Test Site, Nye County, Nev.
- Introduction: "This report presents physical property analyses for 28 additional samples and is a supplement to Geological Survey Technical Letter: Area-12-1, which gave a brief summary of the geology, descriptive data on the tunnel, and X-ray, chemical, semiquantitative spectrographic analyses, and some physical properties determinations of samples collected in the U12g.01 tunnel."
- Adenosinetriphosphate Cleavage During the G-Actin to F-Actin Transformation and the Binding of Adenosinetriphosphate to F-Actin
- Since the discovery of the Straub and Feuer as well as Laki et al. that ATP bound to G-actin is transformed to ADP and inorganic phosphate during polymerization of actin (1, 2), it has become increasingly clear that the chemical changes in the nucleotide are related to the change in the physical state of the protein. Barany, Biro, Molnar and Straub have shown that highly purified actin preparation free of any enzyme which would use ATP, ADP or AMP as a substrate still catalyze the breakdown of ATP (3) thus supporting the original idea that the ATP to ADP transformation is related to the globular to fibrous transformation of the actin protein itself. Mommaerts was the first to show that the ADP formed during polymerization remains bound to F-actin and Ulbrecht et al. while extending Mommaert's finding on exhaustively purified actin preparations have shown that the P1 formed during polymerization is not bound to F-actin. The stoichiometry of the splitting and the tightness of binding of the ADP lead inevitably to questions in regard to the position of bond breaking during the hydrolysis and to the nature of the forces involved in the tight binding of ADP to F-actin. To aid in the clarification of these problems, this study using O18 isotope was initiated.
- An Adiabatic Motion Of Charged Particles In Electromagnetic Fields
- The guiding center motion and the adiabatic invariants of charged particle trajectories in electromagnetic fields are treated in this review. General and specific theories of charged particle motion are also reviewed.
- Adsorption of Radioactive Gases on Activated Carbon
- The purpose of this experiment is to study the quantitative adsorption characteristics of a carbon adsorber bed receiving a radioactive inert gas in a helium stream. An objective of the experiment is to measure the equilibrium transmission of the radio-active gas through a carbon adsorber in order to determine if radio-active decay of the adsorbed gas permits additional adsorption.
- Adult Health Study : Review of Substudies, June 1962, Hiroshima and Nagasaki
- Data are summarized from a series of studies to determine the late effects of radiation in adult populations of Nagasaki and Hiroshima. Results ae reported from studies on skin aging, hair greying, cardiovascular findings, neuromuscular response, antibody levels, ocular aging, auditory aging, and miscellaneous aging characteristics in persons exposed to radiation from the atomic bombs as adults; growth and development studies on exposed persons born between 1935 and 1945; the incidence of neoplasms in the exposed populations; possible genetic effects of radiation in selected groups; the incidence of tuberculosis and other infectious diseases in exposed populations; hematological studies; metabolic studies, and other related studies in exposed persons and their offspring. Possible future programs are discussed.
- An Aerodynamic Raindrop Sorter. Technical Progress Report No. 1.
- A pilot model of an Aerodynamic Raindrop Sorter was constructed along the lines suggested by mathematical analysis. The function of the analyzer is to sort natural rain according to drop size and to collect the sorted drops for further analysis. The pilot model, a small wind tunnel inclined at 45 deg to the horizontal, demonstrated the feasibility of aerodynamic rain drop sorting over a wide range of drop sizes. (auth)
- Aeroradioactivity Survey and Areal Geology of Parts of East-Central New York and West-Central New England (ARMS-I)
- Report concerning "[a]n airborne gamma-radiation survey of Connecticut, Rhode Island, and parts of New York, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Vermont" (p. 5) made between 1958 and 1960 that indicated that a broad range of radioactivity exists in those areas depending on the type of bedrock. Correlations are drawn between this radioactivity and the geology of the region.
- Aeroradioactivity Survey and Areal Geology of Parts of Southeastern New York and Southern New England (ARMS-I)
- Report concerning "[a]n airborne gamma-radiation survey of Connecticut, Rhode Island, and parts of New York, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Vermont" (p. 5) made between 1958 and 1960 that indicated that a broad range of radioactivity exists in those areas depending on the type of bedrock. Correlations are drawn between this radioactivity and the geology of the region.
- Aeroradioactivity Survey and Areal Geology of the Georgia Nuclear Laboratory Area, Northern Georgia (ARMS-I)
- Report regarding an airborne gamma-radioactivity survey that took place over a 7,000 square mile area around the George Nuclear Laboratory in Dawson County, Georgia. Topics include the types of bedrock noted in the area as well as their levels of radioactivity.
- Aeroradioactivity Survey and Areal Geology of the Hanford Plant Area, Washington and Oregon (ARMS-I)
- Report regarding an airborne gamma-radioactivity survey that took place over a 9,000 square mile area in south-central Washington and north-central Oregon. Topics include the types of bedrock noted in the area as well as their levels of radioactivity.
- Aeroradioactivity Survey and Areal Geology of the National Reactor Testing Station Area, Idaho (ARMS-I)
- Report regarding an airborne radioactivity survey that took place in the 10,000 square mile area surrounding the National Reactor Testing Station in Idaho Falls, Idaho. Topics include the types of bedrock noted in the area as well as their levels of radioactivity.
- Aeroradioactivity Survey and Areal Geology of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Area, Tennessee and Kentucky (ARMS-I)
- Report regarding an airborne radioactivity survey that took place over a 10,000 square mile area around the Oak Ridge National Laboratory near Knoxville, Tennesse. Topics include the types of bedrock noted in the area as well as their levels of radioactivity.
- Aeroradioactivity Survey and Areal Geology of the Savannah River Plant Area, South Carolina and Georgia (ARMS-I)
- Report regarding an airborne radioactivity survey that took place in the 10,000 square mile area near Augusta, Georgia. Topics include the types of bedrock noted in the area as well as their levels of radioactivity.
- Aeroradioactivity Survey and Geology of the Gnome (Carlsbad) Area, New Mexico and Texas (ARMS-I)
- Report regarding an airborne radioactivity survey that took place in the 7,000 square mile area around the GNOME test site near Carlsbad, New Mexico. Topics include the types of bedrock noted in the area as well as their levels of radioactivity.
- Aeroradioactivity Survey and Related Surface Geology of Parts of the Los Angeles Region, California (ARMS-I)
- Report regarding an airborne gamma-radioactivity survey that took place in the 2,800 square mile area around the Los Angeles region in California. Topics include the types of bedrock noted in the area as well as their levels of radioactivity.
- Aeroradioactivity Survey and Related Surface Geology of Parts of the San Francisco Region, California (ARMS-I)
- This report follows an aeroradioactivity survey that took place in the San Francisco region, California.
- [Aerosol Generator Design] : Letter Report
- The following report provides information on an aerosol generator fit to produce fine particles by a vaporization-condensation technique. Included is a diagram of the essential components of the generator.
- After Shutdown Heating in the HFIR
- After shutdown heating rates have been calculated for the target, control plates, and the beryllium reflector of the HFIR. Hilvety previously calculated the after shutdown heating rates in the element and his results are reported in ORNL CP-60-4-110. Decay times of 1.0 10, 10^2, 10^3, 10^4, and 10^5 seconds have been considered, and heat fluxes have been computed for all of the mentioned components. The greatest heat fluxes were found to be at the surfaces of the control plates and the permanent beryllium reflector.
- "Ages" of the Sikhote Alin Meteorite
- The potassium-argon age of the Sikhote Alin iron meteorite has been determined. The value is 1.7 + 0.2 x 10⁹ years. Previous lead data suggest an age of 4.6 x 10⁹ years . The date of solidification may be the sum of these two ages.
- AGS Performance and Plans
- The scope of the AGS complex has expanded rapidly during the three years since an accelerated beam was first obtained. Demand for research time far exceeds the amount available although facilities have been much increased. At the same time, experiments are being designed which are more complicated than previous ones and which make more stringent demands on the accelerator and on its auxiliary equipment. There is a continuous trend of experiments to particle beams of greater momentum, as the experimental techniques are refined. This use of increased momentum means that larger areas are required for the apparatus and that more power is necessary for the magnetic optics. All beam-sharing at the AGS is done by multiple use of each accelerated pulse because our experience indicates that pulse-by-pulse beam-sharing is relatively inefficient. (Expansion chambers have seldom been used at the AGS.) The problems of scheduling experiments becomes increasingly complex since combinations must be found satisfying the criteria: maximum number of experiments to run simultaneously; minimum downtime to be taken for rearrangement between successive experimental arrays
- Airborne Gamma-Ray Spectrometer and Magnetometer Survey, Brainerd Quadrangle, Minnesota: Final Report, Volume 1
- A report regarding an airborne gamma-ray spectrometer and magnetometer survey of the Brainerd Quadrangle, Minnesota
- An Algorithm for Construction Feasible Schedules and Computing Their Schedule Times
- "An algorithm for the generation of feasible schedules and the computation of the completion times of the job operations of feasible schedule is presented. Using this algorithm, the distribution of schedule times over the set of feasible schedule—or a subset of feasible schedules—was determined for technological orderings that could occur in a general machine shop. These distributions are found to be approximately normal. Biasing techniques corresponding to “first come first serve,” random choice of jobs ready at each machine and combinations of these two extremes were used to compute distributions of schedule times."
- Alkali Metal Physical Properties Program at Pratt & Whitney Aircraft-CANEL
- The favorable combination of physical properties such as heat capacity, viscosity, electrical resistivity, thermal conductivity and high temperature liquid range make alkali metals, in principle, among the best heat transfer fluids available for use in nuclear reactor and other esoteric powerplant systems. Unfortunately, many of these properties are not known with sufficient certainty in the high temperature region to permit optimization of design criteria for developing maximum efficiency coolant systems. For this reason, Pratt & Whitney Aircraft-CANEL, have been concerned for some time in extending the physical properties data of alkali liquid metals in the high temperature region. A supplemental program is being initiated to study some of the properties of alkali metals in the gas phase. This information is required for designing systems where the alkali vapor is the working fluid. In addition, programs are under way to study the solubility of noble gases in alkali liquid metals and wetting characteristics of these liquid metals with structural materials.
- Alpha Air Monitoring with [alpha]/[beta] Ratio Compensation for Natural Interference
- Abstract. Results are presented of a theoretical study to calculate the [alpha]/[beta] ratio of filter-collected natural airborne radioactivity. The detection of airborne plutonium contamination by noting increases in this [alpha]/[beta] ratio is discussed. A modification of this approach which provides a more uniform response to alpha airborne contamination is described.