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Aerodynamic characteristics at subsonic and transonic speeds of a 42.7 degree sweptback wing model having an aileron with finite trailing-edge thickness
Report presenting an investigation at subsonic and transonic speeds in the high-speed 7- by 10-foot tunnel to determine the aerodynamic characteristics of a 42.7 degree sweptback wing with a 20-percent-chord and 50-percent-span outboard aileron. The investigation was performed in transonic flow over a bump on the tunnel floor and in subsonic flow on one of the tunnel side walls.
Aerodynamic characteristics of 15 NACA airfoil sections at seven Reynolds numbers from 0.7 x 10(exp 6) to 9.0 x 10(exp 6)
Report presenting an investigation of the two-dimensional aerodynamic characteristics of 15 NACA airfoils at four Reynolds numbers. The results indicate that the drag coefficient at the design lift coefficient and the maximum lift coefficient are the most important aerodynamic characteristics and are most affected by Reynolds number changes.
Aerodynamic Characteristics of a 0.5-Scale Model of the Fairchild XSAM-N-2 Lark Missile at High Subsonic Speeds
"An investigation was conducted to determine the longitudinal- and lateral-stability characteristics of a 0.5-scale model of the Fairchild Lark missile. The model was tested with 0 deg and with 22.5 deg of roll. Three horizontal wings having NACA 16-009, 16-209, and 64A-209 sections were tested. Pressures were measured on both pointed and blunt noses" (p. 1).
Aerodynamic characteristics of a 6-percent-thick symmetrical double-wedge airfoil at transonic speeds from tests by the NACA wing-flow method
From Introduction: "The investigation covered a range of Mach numbers from 0.66 to 1.12 and included measurements of angle of attack, pitching moment, normal force, and chord force. The drag at zero lift obtained in this investigation was reported in reference 1, but without the correction for tare of the end plate."
Aerodynamic characteristics of a flying-boat hull having a length-beam ratio of 15 and a warped forebody
From Introduction: "The results of two phases of this investigation, presented in references 1 and 2, have indicated possible ways of reducing hull drag without causing large changes in aerodynamic stability and hydrodynamic performance."
Aerodynamic characteristics of a wing with quarter-chord line swept back 35 degrees, aspect ratio 4, taper ratio 0.6, and NACA 65A006 airfoil section: Transonic-bump method
From Introduction: "This paper presents the results of the investigation of wing-alone and wing-fuselage combinations employing a wing with the quarter-chord line swept back 35^o, aspect ratio 4, taper ratio 0.6, and NACA 65A006 airfoil section."
Aerodynamic Characteristics of a Wing With Quarter-Chord Line Swept Back 45 Degrees, Aspect Ratio 4, Taper Ratio 0.6, and NACA 65A006 Airfoil Section: Transonic-Bump Method
Report discussing a particular wing-body combination that is part of a larger investigation to determine the lift, drag, pitching moment, and root bending moments for various configurations. Information about the aerodynamic characteristics at the tail plane is also provided.
Aerodynamic Characteristics of a Wing With Quarter-Chord Line Swept Back 45 Degrees, Aspect Ratio 6, Taper Ratio 0.6, and NACA 65A006 Airfoil Section
Report discussing a wing-alone and wing-fuselage configuration with particular characteristics as part of a series of tests of wings using the transonic-bump test technique. Lift, drag, pitching moment, and root bending moment were obtained for the configurations. The effective downwash angles and dynamic-pressure characteristics in the tail region are also described.
Aerodynamic characteristics of a wing with quarter-chord line swept back 45 degrees, aspect ratio 6, taper ratio 0.6, and NACA 65A009 airfoil section
From Introduction: "This paper presents the results of the investigation of the wing-alone and wing-fuselage configurations employing a wing with the quarter-chord line swept back 45^o, aspect ratio 4, taper ratio 0.3, and an NACA 65A006 airfoil section parallel to the stream."
Aerodynamic characteristics of a wing with quarter-chord line swept back 60 degrees, aspect ratio 4, taper ratio 0.6, and NACA 65A006 airfoil section: transonic-bump method
From Introduction: "This paper presents the results of the investigation of the wing-alone and wing-fuelage configurations employing a wing with the quarter-chord line swept back 60^o, aspect ratio 4, taper ratio 0.6, and an NACA 65A006 airfoil section parallel to the free stream."
Aerodynamic characteristics of a wing with unswept quarter-chord line, aspect ratio 4, taper ratio 0.6, and NACA 65A006 airfoil section
From Introduction: "This paper presents the results of the investigation of the wing-alone and of the wing-fuselage configuration employing a wing with an unswept quarter-chord line, aspect ratio 4, taper ratio 0.6, and an NACA 65A006 airfoil section parallel to the air stream. The results of closely related sweptback-wing investigations, which are part of the present transonic programs, are presented in references 1 to 3."
Aerodynamic Characteristics of an 0.08-Scale Model of the Martin XB-51 Airplane at High Subsonic Speeds
Report discussing tests of a scale model of the XB-51 airplane to determine its force, stability, and control characteristics in pitch and yaw at various Mach numbers. The effects of the dive breaks and the bomb bay are also described.
Aerodynamic Characteristics of an Airfoil-Forebody Swept Flying-Boat Hull With a Wing and Tail Swept Back 51.3 Degrees at the Leading Edge
Report discussing an investigation of the aerodynamic characteristics of an airfoil-forebody swept flying boat hull with a wing and tail swept back 51.3 degrees at the leading edge. The swept hull's minimum drag coefficient was about the same as the parent model or streamline model. Various combinations of flaps were also utilized.
Aerodynamic characteristics of the NACA 8-H-12 airfoil section at six Reynolds numbers from 1.8 x 10(exp 6) to 11.0 x 10(exp 6)
Report presenting an investigation in the two-dimensional low-turbulence pressure tunnel to determine the aerodynamic characteristics of the NACA 8-H-12 airfoil section at four Reynolds numbers. The section lift, drag, and pitching-moment characteristics are presented for smooth and rough surface conditions. Generally, no unusual scale effects are present for either condition.
The aerodynamic characteristics throughout the subsonic speed range of a thin, sharp-edged horizontal tail of aspect ratio 4 equipped with a constant-chord elevator
From Introduction: "Recent investigations have indicated several wing plan forms, wing sections, and wing-body-tail combinations suitable for flight at supersonic speeds. One such lifting surface, a thin, sharp-edged without sweep of aspect ratio 4 and taper ratio 0.5, has been the subject of an investigation in the Ames 12-foot pressure wind tunnel. The aim of the investigation was to determine the aerodynamic characteristics of such a wing plan form throughout the range of subsonic Mach numbers up to 0.94."
Aerodynamic Properties of Cruciform-Wing and Body Combinations at Subsonic, Transonic, and Supersonic Speeds
From Introduction: "Although the aerodynamic characteristics of the components of such configurations may be well known, the mutual interference resulting from combining the wings, as well as the wings and body, may be so great that is desirable to study the aerodynamic properties of the complete configurations. Two methods of handling this problem are presented in this report. The first method is essentially an extension of the theory for slender wing-body combinations of reference 1 to determine the load distribution, forces, and moments exerted on slender cruciform-wing and body combinations inclined simultaneously at small angles in pitch and yaw. "
Aerodynamic study of a wing-fuselage combination employing a wing swept back 63 degrees: Aerodynamic characteristics in sideslip of a large-scale model having a 63 degree swept-back vertical tail
Report presenting an investigation to determine the effects of a vertical tail with the leading edge swept back 63 degrees on the aerodynamic characteristics of a wing-fuselage combination with a wing with the leading edge swept back 63 degrees. The aerodynamic characteristics in sideslip with and without the vertical tail are also presented. Results regarding the directional stability, rudder effectiveness, and rudder hinge moments are described.
Aerodynamic study of a wing-fuselage combination employing a wing swept back 63 degrees: Characteristics at a Mach number of 1.53 including effect of small variations of sweep
Measured values of lift, drag, and pitching moment at a Mach number of 1.53 and Reynolds numbers of 0.31, 0.62, and 0.84 million are presented for a wing-fuselage combination having a wing leading-edge sweep angle of 63 degrees, an aspect ratio of 3.42, a taper ratio of 0.25, and an NACA 64A006 section in the stream direction. Data are also presented for sweep angles of 57.0 degrees, 60.4 degrees, 67.0 degrees, and 69.9 degrees. The experimentally determined characteristics were less favorable than indicated by the linear theory but the experimental and theoretical trends with sweep were in good agreement. Boundary-layer-flow tests showed that laminar boundary-layer separation was the primary cause of the differences between experiment and theory.
Aerodynamic Study of a Wing-Fuselage Combination Employing a Wing Swept Back 63 Degrees: Characteristics for Symmetrical Wing Sections at High Subsonic and Moderate Supersonic Mach Numbers
From Summary: "Results of wind-tunnel tests are presented for a wing with the leading edge swept back 63^o and of symmetrical section in combination with a body at Mach numbers from 0.5 to 0.95 and from 1.09 to 1.51."
Aerodynamic Study of a Wing-Fuselage Combination Employing a Wing Swept Back 63 Degrees: Characteristics Throughout the Subsonic Speed Range With the Wing Cambered and Twisted for a Uniform Load at a Lift Coefficient of 0.25
Report presenting wind-tunnel testing to determine the independent effects of Mach and Reynolds numbers on the aerodynamic characteristics of a wing-fuselage combination with a wing with the leading edge swept back 63 degrees and with camber and twist. Results regarding the fuselage alone and the effects of camber and twist are also provided.
Aerodynamic Study of a Wing-Fuselage Combination Employing a Wing Swept Back 63 Degrees: Effects at Subsonic Speeds of a Constant-Chord Elevon on a Wing Cambered and Twisted for a Uniform Load at a Lift Coefficient of 0.25
Report presenting testing of a cambered and twisted wing with constant-chord elevons with a slender fuselage to determine the longitudinal and lateral control from the elevons for a range of Mach numbers. Results regarding lift, drag, pitching-moment, and rolling-moment characteristics for various elevon deflections are provided.
Aerodynamic study of a wing-fuselage combination employing a wing swept back 63 degrees: Effects of split flaps, elevons, and leading-edge devices at low speed
Report presenting an investigation to evaluate the effects of split flaps, elevons, sharp leading edges, drooped-nose flaps, and extended-nose flaps on the lift, drag, and pitching-moment characteristics at low speed of a wing-fuselage combination with a wing with the leading edge swept back 63 degrees and an aspect ratio of 3.5. Results regarding the plain wing and wing-fuselage combinations, Reynolds number, split flaps, elevons, leading-edge devices, and highest lift coefficient attained before longitudinal instability are provided.
Aerodynamic study of a wing-fuselage combination employing a wing swept back 63 degrees: Investigation at a Mach number of 1.53 to determine the effects of cambering and twisting the wing for uniform load at a lift coefficient of 0.25
Testing was performed at Mach number 1.53 with a wing-fuselage combination with a wing with 63 degrees leading-edge sweep, an aspect ratio of 3.46, and a taper ratio of 0.25. The wing had an NACA 64A005 thickness distribution parallel to the plane of symmetry and was cambered and twisted. Results regarding the comparison of lift, drag, and pitching-moment characteristics of WF-63c and WF-63, effects of sweep, and effects of Reynolds number are provided.
Aerodynamic study of a wing-fuselage combination employing a wing swept back 63 degrees: Investigation of a large-scale model at low speed
From Introduction: "This report presents the aerodynamic characteristics at low speed end high Reynolds number as determined in the Ames 40- by 80 foot wind tunnel."
Airfoil Measurements in the DVL High-Speed Wind Tunnel (2.7-Meter Diameter)
Report is a brief summary of investigations on symmetrical and cambered airfoils in the DVL high-speed tunnel. Some information on the effects of low aspect ratio are also included.
Altitude-chamber performance of British Rolls-Royce Nene II engine 1: standard 18.75-inch-diameter jet nozzle
Report presenting an altitude-chamber investigation to determine the altitude performance characteristics of the British Rolls-Royce Nene II turbojet engine with a standard 18.75-inch-diameter jet nozzle. Results regarding the simulated flight performance and generalized performance across other altitude and pressure characteristics are provided.
Altitude-Chamber Performance of British Rolls-Royce Nene II Engine 2: 18.41-Inch-Diameter Jet Nozzle
Report presenting an altitude-chamber investigation to determine the altitude performance characteristics of the British Rolls-Royce Nene II turbojet engine with an 18.41-inch-diameter jet nozzles. Testing occurred at a range of simulated altitudes and ram-pressure ratios. Results regarding the simulated flight performance, generalized performance, and effect of jet-nozzle area on performance are provided.
Altitude performance and operational characteristics of 29-inch-diameter tail-pipe burner with several fuel systems and flame holders on J35 turbojet engine
From Summary: "An investigation of turbojet-engine thrust augmentation by means of tail-pipe burning has been conducted in the NACA Lewis altitude wind tunnel. Several fuel systems and flame holders were investigated in a 29-inch-diameter tail-pipe burner to determine the effect of fuel distribution and flame-holder design on tail-pipe-burner performance and operational characteristics over a range of simulated flight conditions. At an altitude of 5000 feet, the type of flame holder used had only a slight effect on the combustion efficiency."
Altitude Performance of AN-F-58 Fuels in British Rolls-Royce Nene Single Combustor
"An investigation was conducted with a single combustor from a British Rolls-Royce Nene turbojet engine to determine the altitude performance characteristics of AN-F-58 fuels. Three fuel blends conforming to AN-F-58 specifications were prepared in order to determine the influence of fuel boiling temperatures and aromatic content on combustion efficiencies and altitude operational limits. The performance of the three AN-F-58 fuels was compared in the range of altitudes from sea level to 65,000 feet, engine speeds from 40- to 100- percent normal rated, and flight Mach numbers of 0.0 and 0.6" (p. 1).
Altitude performance of AN-F-58 fuels in J33-A-21 single combustor
Report discussing three fuels conforming to AN-F-58 specification were investigated in order to determine the influence of boiling temperatures and aromatic content on altitude performance in single combustor of a 4600-pound-thrust turbojet engine.
Altitude-Test-Chamber Investigation of McDonnell Afterburner on J34 Engine
"An altitude-test-chamber investigation was conducted to determine the operational and performance characteristics of a McDonnell afterburner with a fixed-area exhaust nozzle on a J34 engine. At rated engine speed, the altitude limit, as determined by combustion blow-out, occurred as a band of unstable operation of about 6000-foot altitude in width with minimum altitude limits from 31,000 feet at a simulated flight Mach number of 0.40 to about 45,500 feet at a simulated flight Mach number of 1.00. Considerable difficulty was experienced in attempting to establish or maintain balanced-cycle engine operation at altitudes above 36,000 feet" (p. 1).
Altitude-wind-tunnel investigation of AN-F-58 fuel in experimental version of J47 turbojet engine
An altitude-wind-tunnel investigation of the performance of AN-F-58 and AN-F-32 fuels in an experimental turbojet engine was conducted over a range of simulated altitudes and flight Mach numbers. Combustion efficiencies obtained with AN-F-58 and AN-F-32 fuels were approximately equal. The minimum-speed altitude operational limit was essentially the same with either AN-F-58 or AN-F-32 fuel. Starting characteristics of the two fuels were approximately the same at low wind milling speeds. Visual observation showed no apparent differences in the carbon-deposition rates of AN-F-58 and AN-F-32 fuels.
Altitude-wind-tunnel investigation of compressor performance on J47 turbojet engine
From Introduction: "The effects of variations in altitude, flight Mach number, and exhaust-nozzle-outlet area on the compressor performance characteristics are graphically presented. A complete tabulation of the compressor performance data is also presented."
Altitude-wind-tunnel investigation of J47 turbojet-engine performance
From Introduction: "Data are presented in graphical form to show the engine performance over a range of altitudes from 5000 to 50,000 feet and flight Mach numbers from 0.21 to 0.97. Curves are presented to show the windmilling characteristics of the engine. All engine performance data obtained in the investigation are also presented in tabular form."
Altitude-wind-tunnel investigation of various can-type burners in Bumblebee 18-inch ram jet
An investigation on various can-type burners in a Bumblebee 18-inch ram jet under controlled conditions of pressure altitude and ram pressure ratio was conducted in the NACA Lewis altitude wind tunnel with kerosene as fuel. The performance of the following can-type burner configurations was better than that of the other burner configurations investigated: (1) a flame holder having a two-pitch alinement of perforations, 0.07-inch-wide cooling slots, and an arrangement of fuel nozzles located within an annulus having a mean radius of 7.24 inches; and (2) a flame holder having a zero-pitch alinement of perforations, 0.16-inch-wide cooling slots, and an annulus of fuel nozzles having a mean radius of 6.89 inches.
Ambient Pressure Determination at High Altitudes by Use of Free-Molecule Theory
"Several methods (references 1 and 2) based on gas-dynamic principles are available for reducing such measurements. The results obtained by these methods are subject to the limitation of the gas-dynamic theory which is that the mean free path of the molecules between impacts, is small with respect to the measuring device. Inasmuch as no information on the subject is to present known to be available, the purpose of the present paper is to present a method based on the concept of free-molecule theory for use in connection with this problem" (p. 1).
Analysis and Experimental Observation of Pressure Losses in Ram-Jet Combustion Chambers
From Introduction: "Some experimental data on flame-holder pressure losses have been presented (reference 1 to 4). A theoretical analysis that assume a sudden enlargement of flow area was made at the NACA Lewis laboratory to determine the effect of flame-holder open area and combustion-chamber-inlet Mach number on the pressure losses across flame holders. The results of this analysis were then compared with experimental data obtained with several different flame-holder designs."
Analysis and Preliminary Investigation of Eddy-Current Heating for Icing Protection of Axial-Flow-Compressor Blades
From Introduction: "An analysis of eddy currents in a compressor blade, the geometry of which has been limited to that of a flat plate for simplicity, is presented."
An analysis of a highly compounded two-stroke-cycle compression-ignition engine
This report presents an analysis of a compound engine operating with manifold pressures ranging from 60 to 110 lb/sq in. absolute and discusses the effects of engine limits (peak cylinder pressure and turbine-inlet temperature) and component efficiency.
An Analysis of Airspeeds Attained by a Douglas DC-4 Airplane in Commercial Operations During the Early Months of 1947
Report presenting airspeed and altitude data for nonscheduled cargo operations of a Douglas DC-4 airplane between Seattle, Washington and Alaska during February and March of 1947 to determine the probability of reaching or exceeding given values of airspeed and Mach number. The total probability of exceeding a placard never-exceed speed of 266 mph depends primarily on exceeding the speed in descent. The probability was found to be about once in 100 hours of descent or once in 1000 hours of general flying time.
An analysis of available data on effects of wing-fuselage-tail and wing-nacelle interference on the distribution of the air load among components of airplanes
From Introduction: "The purpose of the present paper is to summarize the available data on the effects of wing-fuselage-tail and wing-nacelle interference on the distribution of the air load among aircraft components. Some discussion is also given of the effects of center-of-gravity position."
Analysis of means of improving the uncontrolled lateral motions of personal airplanes
From Summary: "The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether such airplanes could be made to fly uncontrolled for an indefinite period of time without getting into dangerous attitudes and for a reasonable period of time (one to three minutes) without deviating excessively from their original course. The results of this analysis indicated that the uncontrolled motions of a personal airplane could be made safe as regards spiral tendencies and could be greatly improved as regards maintenance of course without resort to an autopilot."
Analysis of measured pressures on airfoils at Mach numbers near 1
Report presenting measured pressure over airfoils at Mach number 1, with subsonic velocities at the nose and supersonic velocities throughout the rear portion, are analyzed by comparison with calculations for similar cases. Results regarding the theoretical basis of approximation, comparison of Prandtl-Meyer flow with measurements, comparison of linear-velocity extrapolation with measurements, and effect of boundary layer upon airfoil pressures are provided.
An Analysis of Supersonic Aerodynamic Heating With Continuous Fluid Injection
From Introduction: "The aerodynamic heating problem assumes considerable importance at high-supersonic speeds. Sanger and Bredt (reference 1) have calculated the high-speed aerodynamic forces and equilibrium surface temperature at extremely high altitudes where the molecular mean free path is large (free-molecule-flow region) compared with a characteristic body dimension. The theoretical investigation of Lees (reference 2) on the stability of the laminar boundary layer in compressible flow indicates that the laminar boundary layer is completely stable at all Reynolds numbers at supersonic speeds for a sufficiently low ratio of surface temperature to stream temperature."
Analysis of the dynamic lateral stability characteristics of the Bell X-2 airplane as affected by variations in mass, aerodynamic, and dimensional parameters
Report presenting an analysis of the dynamic-lateral-stability characteristics of the Bell X-2 airplane as affected by variations in mass, aerodynamic, and dimensional parameters by means of calculations of the period and rate of damping of the lateral oscillation. Results regarding the airplane with flaps and gear retracted, airplane with flaps and gear lowered, and effects of assumed modifications to the airplane are provided.
An analysis of the effect of lift-drag ratio and stalling speed on landing-flare characteristics
From Introduction: "The flare assumed is based primarily on reference 1, in which information permitting calculation of the flare characteristics of an airplane was obtained from flight tests. The results of calculations for airplanes having constant lift-drag ratio during the flare are plotted in chart form."
Analysis of the Effects of Various Mass, Aerodynamic, and Dimensional Parameters on the Dynamic Lateral Stability of the Douglas D-558-2 Airplane
Report presenting an investigation of the effects of various mass, aerodynamic, and dimensional parameters on the dynamic lateral stability of the Douglas D-558-2 airplane. Results regarding an airplane with the flaps and gear retracted, airplane at sea level with flaps deflected 50 degrees and landing gear lowered, and effect of assumed modifications to airplane are provided.
An Analysis of the Transition of a Helicopter From Hovering to Steady Autorotative Vertical Descent
"This report is the second phase of a broad program of study of the transient motions of helicopters in autorotative flight. The first phase (reference 1) dealt with the steady-state condition of autorotative vertical descent. This report is concerned with the the transition from the steady condition of hovering to the steady autorotative descent" (p. 1).
Analytical and Experimental Investigation of 90 Degrees Supersonic Turning Passages Suitable for Supersonic Compressors or Turbines
"Four 90 degree two-dimensional turning passages designed by the method of characteristics were tested at an inlet Mach number of 1.71. The measured losses varied from 5 to 15 percent of the inlet stagnation pressure. The smallest loss was obtained for a passage in which separation on the convex surface was minimized through the introduction of a favorable pressure gradient" (p. 1).
Analytical determination of effect of water injection on power output of turbine-propeller engine
From Introduction: "Water injection at the compressor inlet has been successfully used to increase the thrust of turbojet engines. References 1 and 2 indicate that the sea-level static thrust of a centrifugal-flow-type turbojet engine may be increased about 25 percent by use of liquid injection. Reference 3 indicates that greater thrust augmentation is possible at a compressor pressure ratio of 11 than of 4."
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