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open access

Theoretical comparison of several methods of thrust augmentation for turbojet engines

Description: "A theoretical investigation of tail-pipe burning, water injection at the compressor inlet, combination tail-pipe burning plus water injection, bleedoff, and rocket-assist methods thrust augmentation for turbojet engines was made for an engine representative of those in current use. The effect of augmented liquid ratio on augmented thrust ratio and the effects of altitude and flight Mach number on the performance of various methods were determined. The additional take-off weight involved by the… more
Date: October 27, 1948
Creator: Hall, Eldon W. & Wilcox, E. Clinton
open access

Charts for estimating tail-rotor contribution to helicopter directional stability and control in low-speed flight

Description: "Theoretically derived charts and equations are presented by which tail-rotor design studies of directional trim and control response at low forward speed can be conveniently made. The charts can also be used to obtain the main-rotor stability derivatives of thrust with respect to collective pitch and angle of attack at low forward speeds. The use of the charts and equations for tail-rotor design studies is illustrated. Comparisons between theoretical and experimental results are presented. The… more
Date: October 27, 1953
Creator: Amer, Kenneth B. & Gessow, Alfred
open access

Similar Solutions for the Compressible Laminar Boundary Layer with Heat Transfer and Pressure Gradient

Description: "Stewartson's transformation is applied to the laminar compressible boundary-layer equations and the requirement of similarity is introduced, resulting in a set of ordinary nonlinear differential equations previously quoted by Stewartson, but unsolved. The requirements of the system are Prandtl number of 1.0, linear viscosity-temperature relation across the boundary layer, an isothermal surface, and the particular distributions of free-stream velocity consistent with similar solutions. This sys… more
Date: October 15, 1954
Creator: Cohen, Clarence B. & Reshotko, Eli
open access

Linearized Lifting-Surface and Lifting-Line Evaluations of Sidewash Behind Rolling Triangular Wings at Supersonic Speeds

Description: "The lifting-surface sidewash behind rolling triangular wings has been derived for a range of supersonic Mach numbers for which the wing leading edges remain swept behind the mark cone emanating from the wing apex. Variations of the sidewash with longitudinal distance in the vertical plane of symmetry are presented in graphical form. An approximate expression for the sidewash has been developed by means of an approach using a horseshoe-vortex approximate-lifting-line theory" (p. 455).
Date: October 21, 1955
Creator: Bobbitt, Percy J.
open access

Theoretical span load distributions and rolling moments for sideslipping wings of arbitrary plan form in incompressible flow

Description: From Summary: "A method of computing span loads and the resulting rolling moments for sideslipping wings of arbitrary plan form in incompressible flow is derived. The method requires that the span load at zero sideslip be known for the wing under consideration. Because this information is available for a variety of wings, this requirement should not seriously restrict the application of the present method. The basic method derived herein requires a mechanical differentiation and integration to … more
Date: October 6, 1955
Creator: Queijo, M. J.
open access

The Theory of Propellers 4: Thrust, Energy, and Efficiency Formulas for Single and Dual Rotating Propellers With Ideal Circulation Distribution

Description: "Simple and exact expressions are given for the efficiency of single and dual rotating propellers with ideal circulation distribution as given by the Goldstein functions for single-rotating propellers and by the new functions for dual-rotating propellers from part I of the present series. The efficiency is shown to depend primarily on a defined load factor and, to a very small extent, on an axial loss factor. Tables and charts are included for practical use of the results. The present paper is … more
Date: October 12, 1944
Creator: Theodorsen, Theodore
open access

Preignition-limited performance of several fuels

Description: Preignition-limited performance data were obtained on a supercharged CFR engine at two sets of operating conditions over a wide range of fuel-air ratios to determine the preignition characteristics for the following five fuels: s-3 reference fuel, s-3 plus 4 ml. tel per gallon, afd-33(140-p), benzene, and diisobutylene. Maximum thermal-plug temperatures at constant intake-air pressures were also determined to correlate the preignition characteristics of each fuel with its ability to increase ge… more
Date: October 1, 1944
Creator: Male, Donald W. & Evvard, John C.
open access

Correlation of Exhaust-Valve Temperatures With Engine Operating Conditions and Valve Design in an Air-Cooled Cylinder

Description: "A semiempirical equation correlating exhaust-valve temperatures with engine operating conditions and exhaust-valve design has been developed. The correlation is based on the theory correlating engine and cooling variables developed in a previous NACA report. In addition to the parameters ordinarily used in the correlating equation, a term is included in the equation that is a measure of the resistance of the complex heat-flow paths between the crown of the exhaust valve and a point on the outs… more
Date: October 1945
Creator: Zipkin, M. A. & Sanders, J. C.
open access

Effect of hinge-moment parameters on elevator stick forces in rapid maneuvers

Description: "The importance of the stick force per unit normal acceleration as a criterion of longitudinal stability and the critical dependence of this gradient on elevator hinge-moment parameters have been shown in previous reports. The present report continues the investigation with special reference to transient effects for maneuvers of short duration" (p. 449).
Date: October 12, 1944
Creator: Jones, Robert T. & Greenberg, Harry
open access

Ground Effect on Downwash Angles and Wake Location

Description: "A theoretical study was made of the reduction in downwash and the upward displacement of the wake in the presence of the ground, and some verification of theory was obtained by means of air-flow measurements made with a ground-board and image-wing combination. Methods are given for estimating the effects and numerous examples are included to illustrate the nature of these effects and to show their order of magnitude" (p. 1).
Date: October 3, 1941
Creator: Katzoff, S. & Sweberg, Harold H.
open access

Normal-pressure tests of circular plates with clamped edges

Description: A fixture is described for making normal-pressure tests of flat plates 5 inches in diameter in which particular care was taken to obtain rigid clamping at the edges. Results are given for 19 plates, ranging in thickness form 0.015 to 0.072 inch. The center deflections and the extreme-fiber stresses at low pressures were found to agree with theoretical values; the center deflections at high pressures were 4 to 12 percent greater than the theoretical values. Empirical curves are derived of the pr… more
Date: October 10, 1941
Creator: McPherson, Albert E.; Ramberg, Walter & Levy, Samuel
open access

Design and performance of family of diffusing scrolls with mixed-flow impeller and vaneless diffuser

Description: A family of diffusing scrolls was designed for use with a mixed-flow impeller and a small-diameter vaneless diffuser. The design theory, intended to maintain a uniform pressure around the scroll inlet, permits determination of the position of scroll cross sections of preassigned area by considering the radial variation in fluid density and the effects of friction along the scroll. Inasmuch as the design method leaves the cross-sectional shape undetermined, the effect of certain variations in sc… more
Date: October 1947
Creator: Brown, W. Byron & Bradshaw, Guy R.
open access

The Effects of Aerodynamic Heating and Heat Transfer on the Surface Temperature of a Body of Revolution in Steady Supersonic Flight

Description: "An approximate method for determining the convective cooling requirement in the laminar boundary-layer region of a body of revolution in high-speed flight was developed and applied to an example body. The cooling requirement for the example body was determined as a function of Mach number, altitude, size, and a surface-temperature parameter. The maximum value of Mach number considered was 3.0 and the altitudes considered were those within the lower constant-temperature region of the atmosphere… more
Date: October 14, 1946
Creator: Scherrer, Richard
open access

Summary report on the high-speed characteristics of six model wings having NACA 65(sub1)-series sections

Description: A summary of the results of wind-tunnel tests to determine the high-speed aerodynamic characteristics of six model wings having NACA 65sub1-series sections is presented in this report. The 8-percent-thick wings were superior to the 10-percent and 12-percent-thick wings from the standpoint of power economy during level flight for Mach numbers above 0.76. However, airplanes that are to fly at Mach numbers below 0.76 will gain aerodynamically if the percentage thickness of the wing and the aspect … more
Date: October 19, 1945
Creator: Hamilton, William T. & Nelson, Warren H.
open access

Propellers in yaw

Description: It was realized as early as 1909 that a propeller in yaw develops a side force like that of a fin. In 1917, R. G. Harris expressed this force in terms of the torque coefficient for the unyawed propeller. Of several attempts to express the side force directly in terms of the shape of the blades, however, none has been completely satisfactory. An analysis that incorporates induction effects not adequately covered in previous work and that gives good agreement with experiment over a wide range of … more
Date: October 11, 1943
Creator: Ribner, Herbert S.
open access

Cylinder-Temperature Correlation of a Single-Cylinder Liquid-Cooled Engine

Description: "An analysis based on nonboiling forced-convection heat-transfer theory is made of the cooling processes in liquid-cooled engine cylinders. Semiempirical equations that relate the average head and barrel temperatures with the primary engine and coolant parameters are derived. A correlation method based on these equations is applied to data obtained from previously reported investigations, which were conducted over large ranges of engine and coolant conditions with two liquid-cooled cylinders us… more
Date: October 1, 1946
Creator: Pinkel, Benjamin; Manganiello, Eugene J. & Bernardo, Everett
open access

Comparison of several methods of predicting the pressure loss at altitude across a baffled aircraft-engine cylinder

Description: Several methods of predicting the compressible-flow pressure loss across a baffled aircraft-engine cylinder were analytically related and were experimentally investigated on a typical air-cooled aircraft-engine cylinder. Tests with and without heat transfer covered a wide range of cooling-air flows and simulated altitudes from sea level to 40,000 feet. Both the analysis and the test results showed that the method based on the density determined by the static pressure and the stagnation temperat… more
Date: October 9, 1945
Creator: Neustein, Joseph & Schafer, Louis J., Jr.
open access

The Measurement of Fuel-Air Ratio by Analysis of the Oxidized Exhaust Gas

Description: "An investigation was made to determine a method of measuring fuel-air ratio that could be used for test purposes in flight and for checking conventional equipment in the laboratory. Two single-cylinder test engines equipped with typical commercial engine cylinders were used. The fuel-air ratio of the mixture delivered to the engines was determined by direct measurement of the quantity of air and of fuel supplied and also by analysis of the oxidized exhaust gas and of the normal exhaust gas" (p… more
Date: October 1, 1943
Creator: Gerrish, Harold C. & Meem, J. Lawrence, Jr.
open access

Influence of chemical composition on rupture properties at 1200 degrees F of forged chromium-cobalt-nickel-iron base alloys in solution-treated and aged condition

Description: From Summary: "The influence of systematic variations of chemical composition on rupture properties at 1200 degrees F. was determined for 62 modifications of a basic alloy containing 20 percent chromium, 20 percent nickel, 20 percent cobalt, 3 percent molybdenum, 2 percent tungsten, 1 percent columbium, 0.15 percent carbon, 1.7 percent manganese, 0.5 percent silicon, 0.12 percent nitrogen and the balance iron. These modifications included individual variations of each of 10 elements present and… more
Date: October 26, 1949
Creator: Reynolds, E. E.; Freeman, J. W. & White, A. E.
open access

Analysis of temperature distribution in liquid-cooled turbine blades

Description: From Summary: "This report presents analytical methods for computing temperature distributions in liquid-cooled turbine blades, or in simplified shapes used to approximate sections of the blade. The individual analyses are first presented in terms of their mathematical development. Nondimensional charts to simplify some temperature-distribution calculations are also given."
Date: October 27, 1950
Creator: Livingood, John N. B. & Brown, W. Byron
open access

Automatic control systems satisfying certain general criterions on transient behavior

Description: "An analytic method for the design of automatic controls is developed that starts from certain arbitrary criterions on the behavior of the controlled system and gives those physically realizable equations that the control system can follow in order to realize this behavior. The criterions used are developed in the form of certain time integrals. General results are shown for systems of second order and of any number of degrees of freedom. Detailed examples for several cases in the control of a … more
Date: October 11, 1950
Creator: Boksenbom, Aaron S. & Hood, Richard
open access

Generalized Theory for Seaplane Impact

Description: "The motions, hydrodynamic loads, and pitching moments experienced by V-bottom seaplanes during step-landing impacts are analyzed and the theoretical results are compared with experimental data. In the analysis, the primary flow about the immersed portion of a keeled hull or float is considered to occur in transverse flow planes and the concept of virtual mass is applied to determined the reaction of the water to the motions of the seaplane. The entire immersion process is analyzed from the ins… more
Date: October 30, 1952
Creator: Milwitzky, Benjamin
open access

Inelastic Column Behavior

Description: The significant findings of a theoretical study of column behavior in the plastic stress range are presented. When the behavior of a straight column is regarded as the limiting behavior of an imperfect column as the initial imperfection (lack of straightness) approaches zero, the departure from the straight configuration occurs at the tangent-modulus load. Without such a concept of the behavior of a straight column, one is led to the unrealistic conclusion that lateral deflection of the column … more
Date: October 16, 1950
Creator: Duberg, John E. & Wilder, Thomas W., III
open access

Two-and Three-Dimensional Unsteady Lift Problems in High-Speed Flight

Description: "The problem of transient lift on two- and three-dimensional wings flying at high speeds is discussed as a boundary-value problem for the classical wave equation. Kirchoff's formula is applied so that the analysis is reduced, just as in the steady state, to an investigation of sources and doublets. The applications include the evaluation of indicial lift and pitching-moment curves for two-dimensional sinking and pitching wings flying at Mach numbers equal to 0, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2 and 2.0" (p. 393).
Date: October 12, 1950
Creator: Lomax, Harvard; Heaslet, Max A.; Fuller, Franklyn B. & Sluder, Loma
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