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Application of probabilistic risk assessment methods to incinerator design and permitting

Description: The Consolidated Incineration Facility at the Savannah River Site is designed without emergency flue gas vents. The main components of this 18 million btu/hr facility are a rotary kiln and secondary combustion chamber, each with a code allowable internal pressure of 15 psig. The facility is designed to treat mixed waste. During the early stages of design it was judged on a qualitative basis that potential eventsthat might produce damaging overpressures were not credible. When these findings wer… more
Date: February 14, 1993
Creator: Brown, E.A.; McAfee, D.E. (Westinghouse Savannah River Co., Aiken, SC (United States)) & Aabye, D.C. (Science Applications International Corp., Oak Ridge, TN (United States))
open access

The concentration of radionuclides and metals in vegetation adjacent to and in the SRL Seepage Basins

Description: In 1991 the trees on the dikes surrounding the SRL Seepage Basins were sampled and analyzed to inventory the contaminants transported from the basins into the vegetation. Tree leaves and wood were collected and analyzed for [sup 90]Sr, [sup 60]Co, [sup 137]Cs, [sup 238]Pu, [sup 239,240]Pu, [sup 242,244]Cm, [sup 241]Am, Ba, Cr, Hg, Mg, Mn, Ni, and Pb. The concentrations of contaminants were influenced by sample type (leaves versus wood), species type (pines versus hardwoods), and location relati… more
Date: December 14, 1992
Creator: Murphy, C. E. Jr.
open access

Two-step chemical decontamination technology

Description: An improved two-step chemical decontamination technique was recently developed at INEL. This memorandum documents the addition of this technology to the SRTC arsenal of decontamination technology. A two-step process using NAOH, KMnO[sub 4] followed by HNO[sub 3] was used for cleaning doorstops (small casks) in the SRTC High Level Caves in 1967. Subsequently, more aggressive chemical techniques have been found to be much more effective for our applications. No further work on two-step technology… more
Date: August 14, 1992
Creator: Rankin, W.N.
open access

Flue gas conditioning for improved particle collection in electrostatic precipitators

Description: By injecting high concentrations of SO[sub 3] (80 to 100 ppM) it was possible to reduce the particle resistivity from 10[sup 11] to 10[sup 7] ohm-cm. However, it was very difficult to consistently obtain intermediate levels of resistivity. This was because of the steep relationships between gas phase SO[sub 3] and resistivity. It only takes a few ppM of SO[sub 3] to provide an order of magnitude change in resistivity. This is demonstrated by the curves in Figure 2. The water dew point for a gas… more
Date: October 14, 1992
Creator: Durham, M. D.
open access

Anistotropic yielding of rocks at high temperatures and pressures

Description: The anisotropic deformation of foliated and linealed rocks has been investigated, primarily to predict the mechanical response of rocks surrounding buried magma chambers to the stress fields generated by deep drilling. The principal application in this regard has been to evaluate, the scientific feasibility of extracting geothermal energy from buried magma chambers. Our approach has been to perform triaxial extension and compression tests at temperatures and pressures representative of the bore… more
Date: October 14, 1990
Creator: Kronenberg, A. K.; Russell, J. E. & Carter, N. L.
open access

A 250-GHz CARM (Cyclotron Auto Resonance Maser) oscillator experiment driven by an induction linac

Description: A 250-GHz Cyclotron Auto Resonance Maser (CARM) oscillator has been designed and constructed and will be tested using a 1-kA, 2-MeV electron beam produced by the induction linac at the Accelerator Research Center (ARC) facility of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). The oscillator circuit was made to operate in the TE{sub 11} mode at ten times cutoff using waveguide Bragg reflectors to create an external cavity Q of 8000. Theory predicts cavity fill times of less than 30 ns (pulse le… more
Date: September 14, 1990
Creator: Caplan, M.; Kulke, B.; Bubp, D.G. (Lawrence Livermore National Lab., CA (USA)); McDermott, D. & Luhmann, N. (California Univ., Los Angeles, CA (USA))
open access

Infinite-mode squeezed coherent states and non-equilibrium statistical mechanics (phase-space-picture approach)

Description: The phase-space-picture approach to quantum non-equilibrium statistical mechanics via the characteristic function of infinite- mode squeezed coherent states is introduced. We use quantum Brownian motion as an example to show how this approach provides an interesting geometrical interpretation of quantum non-equilibrium phenomena.
Date: August 14, 1992
Creator: Yeh, L.
open access

Fundamental studies of catalytic processing of synthetic liquids

Description: This project revolves around understanding the fundamental processes involved in the catalytic removal of harmful oxygenated organics present in coal liquids. We are modelling the complex type of sulfided Mo catalyst proposed for these reactions with simple single crystal surfaces. These display a controlled range and number of reaction sites and can be extensively characterized by surface science techniques. We then investigate the reaction pathways for representative simple oxygenates upon th… more
Date: October 14, 1991
Creator: Watson, P. R.
open access

The role of marketing in matching industry needs with technologies developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Description: National laboratories have limited resources to devote to the transfer of government-funded technologies to the commercial sector. Companies, too, face resource constraints in their attempt to identify and assimilate innovations which fit with their strategic objectives. For these reasons, persons engaged in technology transfer should attempt to identify laboratory developments which represent the best possible match with industry needs and focus their attention on those technologies which are … more
Date: November 14, 1990
Creator: Prosser, G.A.
open access

Evaluation of gas-reburning and low NO sub x burners on a wall fired boiler

Description: Clean Coal Technology (CCT) implies the use of coal in an environmentally acceptable manner. Coal combustion results in the emission of oxides of nitrogen (NO{sub x}), which are precursors of both acid rain and ozone formation. The primary objective of this CCT project is to evaluate the use of Gas Reburning and Low NO{sub x} Burners (GR-LNB) for NO{sub x} emission control from a wall fired boiler. It is anticipated that, if the demonstration is successful, the GR-LNB technology could become co… more
Date: October 14, 1991
open access

Carbon reduction in uranium alloys utilizing hafnium additions

Description: With increasing environmental concerns regarding the handling and storage of uranium waste, recycling previously used material is becoming exceedingly more important. Carbon is one of the primary trace impurities that builds up in uranium with repeated use. The goal of this study is to reduce carbon in recycled uranium during the casting process to carbon levels associated with virgin uranium derbies. Vacuum-induction casting experiments have demonstrated that hafnium (Hf) additions to unalloye… more
Date: August 14, 1990
Creator: Mackiewicz-Ludtka, G.; Pullen, W. C.; Henderson, C. A. (Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant, TN (USA)); Chu, W. & Wendel, M. W. (Oak Ridge Gaseous Diffusion Plant, TN (USA))
open access

Direct conversion of methane to C sub 2 's and liquid fuels

Description: Research on promoted metal oxide catalysts has continued with the study of alkaline earth/metal oxide halide catalysts. A barium bromide/alumina catalyst was comparable in methane conversion and selectivity to C{sub 2}'s to barium chloride/alumina catalysts. The effects of varying methane to oxygen feed ratios were explored for one of the best alkaline earth catalysts and one of the best literature catalysts (Li/MgO). A significant decrease in the selectivity to C{sub 2}'s is observed upon addi… more
Date: February 14, 1990
Creator: Warren, B. K.; Campbell, K. D. & Matherne, J. L.
open access

Human factors engineering for the TERF (Tritium Emissions Reduction Facility) project. [Tritium Emissions Reduction Facility]

Description: The Tritium Emissions Reduction Facility (TERF) is being built by EG G Mound Applied Technologies to provide improved control of the tritium emissions from gas streams being processed. Mound handles tritium in connection with production, development, research, disassembly, recovery, and surveillance operations. During these operations, a small fraction of the tritium being processed escapes from its original containment. The objective of this report is to describe the human factors engineering … more
Date: December 14, 1990
Creator: Hedley, W. H.; Adams, F. S. (EG and G Mound Applied Technologies, Miamisburg, OH (USA)) & Wells, J. E. (Lawrence Livermore National Lab., CA (USA))
open access

Sterile Neutrinos in the Early Universe

Description: We discuss the role played by right-handed sterile neutrinos in the early universe. We show how well known {sup 4}He constraint on the number of relativistic degrees of freedom at early times limits the equilibration of the right handed neutrino sea with the background plasma. We discuss how this allows interesting constraints to be placed on neutrino properties. In particular, a new limit on the Dirac mass of the neutrino is presented. 12 refs.
Date: November 14, 1990
Creator: Malaney, R.A. (Lawrence Livermore National Lab., CA (USA)) & Fuller, G.M. (California Univ., San Diego, La Jolla, CA (USA). Dept. of Physics)
open access

Report of Foreign Travel of R. J. Michael Fry, December 1990

Description: The objectives of the trip were: to take part in and to give the summary of a Symposium on Radiation Carcinogenesis at Tokyo, and to give a talk at the National Institute of Radiological Sciences at Chiba. The breadth of the aspects considered at the conference was about as broad as is possible, from effects at the molecular level to human epidemiology, from the effects of tritium to cancer induction by heavy ions. The events induced by cancer that lead to cancer and the events that are seconda… more
Date: December 14, 1990
Creator: Fry, R. J. Michael
open access

Molecular biological enhancement of coal desulfurization

Description: The objective of this project is to produce one or more microorganisms capable of removing the organic and inorganic sulfur in coal. The specific technical objectives of the project are to: clone and characterize the genes encoding the enzymes of the 4S'' pathway (sulfoxide/sulfone/sulfonate/sulfate) for release of organic sulfur from coal; return multiple copies of genes to the original host to enhance the biodesulfurization activity of that organism; transfer this pathway into a fast-growing … more
Date: September 14, 1990
Creator: Litchfield, J. H.; Fry, I.; Wyza, R. E.; Palmer, D. T.; Zupancic, T. J.; Conkle, H. N. (Battelle, Columbus, OH (USA)) et al.
open access

Linear non-modal phenomena in numerical analysis and applied mathematics. First annual performance report, February 15, 1994--November 15, 1994

Description: This report contains information on the following topics: pseudospectra of an operator of Hille and Phillips; Schwarz- Christoffel toolbox user`s guide; a matlab toolbox for Schwarz- Christoffel mapping; spectra and pseudospectra for pipe poiseuille flow; faster SVD for matrices with small m/n; calculation of pseudospectra by the Arnoldi iteration; and mostly linear model of transition to turbulence.
Date: November 14, 1994
Creator: Trefethen, L. N.
open access

Fluidized-bed copper oxide process. Proof-of-concept unit design

Description: The fluidized-bed copper oxide process was developed to simultaneously remove sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide contaminants from the flue gas of coal-fired utility boilers. This dry and regenerable process uses a copper oxide sorbent in a fluidized-bed reactor. Contaminants are removed without generating waste material. (VC)
Date: October 14, 1991
Creator: Shah, P. P.; Takahashi, G. S. & Leshock, D. G.
open access

Flue gas conditioning for improved particle collection in electrostatic precipitators. Quarterly technical report, July 1--September 30, 1992

Description: By injecting high concentrations of SO{sub 3} (80 to 100 ppM) it was possible to reduce the particle resistivity from 10{sup 11} to 10{sup 7} ohm-cm. However, it was very difficult to consistently obtain intermediate levels of resistivity. This was because of the steep relationships between gas phase SO{sub 3} and resistivity. It only takes a few ppM of SO{sub 3} to provide an order of magnitude change in resistivity. This is demonstrated by the curves in Figure 2. The water dew point for a gas… more
Date: October 14, 1992
Creator: Durham, M. D.
open access

Four Mile Creek semi-annual sampling report, July 1992 sampling event

Description: From 1955 to 1988 low-level radioactive wastewater generated by chemical separation processes within the General Separations Area (GSA) were discharged to seepage basins in the F and H Areas of the Savannah River Site (SRS). These basins were designed to permit the infiltration of the process wastewaters. As wastewater percolated downward through the basins, chemical and radioactive constituents were retained or delayed in the subsoils. An extensive study aimed at characterizing the groundwater… more
Date: October 14, 1992
open access

Photoinitiated electron transfer in multi-chromophoric species: Synthetic tetrads and pentads. Technical progress report, 1987--1990

Description: This research project involves the design, synthesis and study of the molecules which mimic many of the important aspects of photosynthetic electron and energy transfer. Specifically, the molecules are designed to mimic the following aspects of natural photosynthetic multistep electron transfer: electron donation from a tetrapyrrole excited singlet state, electron transfer between tetrapyrroles, electron transfer from tetrapyrroles to quinones, and electron transfer between quinones with differ… more
Date: February 14, 1990
open access

Configuration management program plan for Hanford site systems engineering

Description: This plan establishes the integrated configuration management program for the evolving technical baseline developed through the systems engineering process. This configuration management program aligns with the criteria identified in the DOE Standard, DOE-STD-1073-93. Included are specific requirements for control of the systems engineering RDD-100 database, and electronic data incorporated in the database that establishes the Hanford site technical baseline.
Date: November 14, 1994
Creator: Hoffman, A. G.
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