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Adolescent Antisocial Behavior, Perceived Parental Behaviors, and Perception of Control
The study examined the relationships between various parental discipline styles and perceived powerlessness in antisocial adolescents. The literature on adolescent antisocial behavior frequently describes states of disaffection, alienation, and powerlessness as characteristic of the delinquent youth. The parent-child relationship is also frequently implicated as the significant precursor of antisocial behavior in adolescents. The purpose of this study was to determine if perception of control orientations function as cognitive mediators between perceived styles of parental discipline and subsequent behavior in adolescents. It was concluded, on the basis of the data obtained from this study, that antisocial adolescents do not perceive themselves to be more powerless than non-antisocial adolescents. It was recommended that caution should be exercised in applying such a label to those exhibiting antisocial patterns of behavior. It was also concluded that punishment applied in an unpredictable fashion may have detrimental effects on the development of female adolescents.
An Affective-Cognitive Group Counseling Procedure for Use with Parents of Handicapped Children: A Comparative Study of its Effectiveness for Changing Attitudes and Training Parents in a Method of Child Guidance
This study concerned the paucity of group counseling procedures designed specifically for use with parents of handicapped children. Purposes of the study were- (1) design of an affective-cognitive group counseling procedure, (2) investigation of affective-cognitive group counseling procedural effects with parents of handicapped children, (3) determination of procedural effects in a. changing the intra- and interpersonal attitudes of parents, b. increasing parents' knowledge of Positive Behavior Management, and (4) determining comparative procedure effects. Four research hypotheses related to the efficacy of the affective-cognitive group counseling procedure were formulated and tested at the .05 level of confidence. Statistical analysis of data indicated that parents participating in the affective-cognitive group counseling procedure did not achieve significantly higher posttest mean scores on the Acceptance of Self and Others test or in the five areas of the Parent Attitude Survey Scale than did parents participating in the affective, cognitive, or control group. Data did reveal that parents participating in the cognitive group did achieve significantly higher adjusted posttest mean scores on the Positive Behavior Management Assessment than did parents participating in the affective-cognitive, affective, or control group. Data also indicated that parents in the affective-cognitive group did not obtain greater mean scores on goal-attainment than did parents in the other three groups. On the basis of statistical findings, all four hypotheses were rejected.
The Affective Value of Planetarium-Related Curricula in High-, Middle-, and Low-Achieving Secondary School Students
The problem of this study was to measure the effects of differing curricular patterns involving the use of planetarium centered activities on the affective domain of high-,middle-, and low-achieving secondary school students. Two different curricular patterns were studied. At each achievement level, one group viewed two planetarium lessons in conjunction with their classroom work in astronomy. Also, at each achievement level, two groups viewed the planetarium lessons as review activities which followed their completion of classroom work in astronomy earlier in the school year. The following conclusions were made with respect to the planetarium-related curricula studied. 1. Two exposures to planetarium lessons as a review activity caused a significant decline in the attitude toward astronomy among high-achieving students. 2. Two exposures to planetarium lessons did not significantly improve students' attitudes toward astronomy at any achievement level or with either curricular pattern studied. 3. Middle- and low-achieving students' attitudes were not significantly affected by two exposures to the planetarium lessons. Varying the manner of employing the planetarium in relation to classroom work in astronomy, in the manner studied, made no significant differences in the attitudes of students at either of these achievement levels.
An analysis and overview of the economic relations between Turkey and the European Economic Community
This study analyzes the economic relations between Turkey and the European Economic Community (EEC) in the transition period of Turkey's membership in the Common Market. Turkey applied for membership in the EEC in 1959, and the association agreement was signed in 1963. Under the terms of the agreement Turkey's membership includes three stages; preparatory, transition, and full membership.
An analysis of student foundation programs in institutions of higher education in the United States
The purpose of this study was to describe and to assess the development, current status, and contributions of Student Foundation programs in institutions of higher education in the United States.
An Analytical Study of the Recommendations of Early Childhood Education Authorities with Regard to the Role of the Public Library in Serving Children from Infancy to Six Years of Age
This study investigated the role of the public library in serving children from infancy to age six. The purposes of this research were to obtain recommendations from early childhood education authorities pertaining to the areas of services, programs, materials, physical facilities, and personnel and to utilize these data in the development of guidelines for public libraries. Findings revealed that the majority recommended utilization of volunteers and of early childhood education consultant; preparation of children's librarians in working with adults and young children; provision of services and programs focusing on parent education, led by specialists; preparation of child care personnel in storytelling; programs involving parent and child participation; coordination of public library efforts with those of other community agencies in order to avoid duplication; and services, programs, materials, and physical facilities which facilitate and encourage interest in books and which relate to reading. The minority recommended services, materials, and physical facilities which focus on unstructured recreational play; and services, programs, and materials which focus on formal teaching or testing in cognitive areas.
The Application of Principles of Generative Phonology to the Teaching of Reading to Students of English as a Second Language
This dissertation reports research into the problem of how to teach mastery of the English writing system (MEWS) to students of English as a second language (ESL). The problem involves the relatedness of English orthography and phonology. The research had two purposes. First was development of classroom instructional materials for improving reading proficiency in ESL students by application of generative phonological principles. Second was use of the instructional materials in a pilot study of fifty-three ESL college freshmen. A major finding was that subjects' reading proficiency was far below that of native speakers at the college level. Another was that the subjects had more difficulty with English vowels than with consonants. The subjects' scores on nonsense-word tests correlated significantly with five other criteria, including measures of ability to use ESL. A uniform disparity between ESL-student and native-speaker scores on tests of nonsense words was identified. Native-speakers generally had perfect scores, and ESL students had low scores. A chief implication is the importance of understanding orthography in reading English. Recommendations are that ESL proficiency be determined by nonsense-word tests and that the MEWS program be used by students of English as a second dialect.
The application of selected marketing concepts in the hospital planning process
This study was designed to evaluate the planning process in hospitals. The specific problem of concern in this investigation was the pressing need for planning by hospitals that focuses upon the constraints imposed by governmental regulation and by resource limitations. The purpose of this study was to identify marketing concepts that have application to the hospital planning process and to make a general evaluation of their current utilization in North Central Texas area.
Assassin Syndrome: Threateners Compared to Other Psychiatric/General-Inmate Groups
Thirty-seven male prisoners who had been convicted or indicted on a charge of threatening the President or national political figure were compared to state inmates, federal inmates, and normative samples on psychometric and demographic variables. Results indicated that assassin/threateners were significantly more paranoid, schizophrenic, and socially alienated than comparison samples. Their heterosexual adjustment and work record tended to be poorer than comparison inmates. Data suggested that the probability of organic impairment was greater for assassin/threateners than for the normative sample. In addition, political threateners were found to be self-destructive, apolitical, Caucasian, and products of disturbed family backgrounds.
The assessment of a health concepts approach to physical education in a community junior college
The problem under consideration was an assessment of the effect of teaching physical education, through a health concepts approach, to first-semester male and female college freshmen in a metropolitan junior college. In order to further clarify the problem, the primary purposes were to determine the change in health knowledges, health habits, physical fitness, and attitude toward physical education. from the beginning to the ending of the course. A further purpose was to determine the relationships between the scores on the four instruments used in this study.
An Assessment of Attitudes, Self-Concept, and Mathematical Achievement Resulting from the Use of Minicalculators
The findings of this investigation support the following conclusions. 1. The review of published research reports yielded conflicting conclusions as to the value of using minicalculators in teaching mathematics to students. 2. The use of minicalculators does not improve a student's mathematical achievement as measured by the Comprehensive Tests of Basic Skills. 3. The use of minicalculators does not improve a student's attitude as measured by the Likert-Tye Attitude Scale. 4. The use of minicalculators does not improve a student's self-esteem as measured by the Self-Esteem Inventory. 5. There is no significant difference in attitude, selfesteem or mathematical achievement between boys and girls in the area of mathematics.
Attitude of Resident Students and Staff of Selected Public Universities in Texas Toward In Loco Parentis
This study assesses the attitudes of resident college students and staffs toward the concept in loco parents as it pertains to residence hall administration. It also describes relationships between attitudes toward in loco parentis combinations of four demographic variables: university, status (staff or resident) academic level, and sex. The chi-square analysis indicated thirty-one significant relationships between attitudes toward the eleven residence hall situations and the four demographic variables. Major findings indicated that: (a) resident students and staffs were ambiguous toward in loco parents; (b) resident students and staffs were for or against in loco parents depending upon the situation (eleven situations are discussed); (c) attitudes of resident students and staffs were similar in most situations; and (d) the majority of resident students and staff members felt positively toward an objective description of in loco parentis, but this attitude did not prevail when the concept was manifested in university staff behavior in typical residence hall situations.
Attitudes and Other Concerns Related to Women Being Employed as Public School Administrators in Texas
Interest in this study was evoked by concern over the small percentage of women employed as school administrators. Despite recent legislation, this situation has not changed markedly. This study was needed to determine the current status, attitudes, and concerns of women certified as administrators in Texas with those of the superintendents of Texas public school districts? and to compare the differences of the two concerning this situation. It was concluded that not only did a larger percentage of the women prefer to be employed as elementary school administrators, but also the superintendents felt they would be more likely to be employed at that level. It was further concluded that a majority of the superintendents were likely to give women substantial consideration for employment as elementary school administrators, but were unlikely to hire them as chief administrators of their secondary schools. Many of the women also perceived that Texas school districts are still "in effect" participating in sexually discriminatory hiring practices whether or not the superintendents are aware of the situation. The attitudes of the women and the superintendents very clearly differed concerning opportunities available for female administrators in Texas.
The attitudes of presidents and chief academic officers toward faculty collective bargaining in Texas' community and junior colleges
The problem of this study was to collect, analyze, and interpret the attitudes of administrators in Texas' community and junior colleges with respect to faculty collective bargaining. The purpose of the study were (1) to assess the attitudes of administrators in higher education institutions in Texas toward faculty collective bargaining, and (2) to determine if a relationship exists between attitudes of administrators toward faculty collective bargaining and seventeen independent variables.
Attitudes of Selected Texas Police and Fire Department Association Members Toward Employee Associations and Their Participation in Collective Bargaining under Texas State Law
The purpose of the study is to investigate attitudes and opinions of police and fire association presidents and members about labor and management relations in their city and collective bargaining in general in the state. Presidents of fourteen police and fire associations were interviewed to obtain information about their experiences with collective bargaining or in seeking collective bargaining in local option elections. They were also asked about necessary changes in state and federal law on public sector collective bargaining. On the survey, the opinions of police officers, fire fighters, and private sector union members were similar. Respondents believe labor and management relations are satisfactory but not better than in past dealings. None of the private sector members believe their union is weaker at the bargaining table, while over a third of the police officers and fire fighters indicate their association is weaker. The primary reason for joining a union or association is to have more influence on issues of job and working conditions. On the survey factors, respondents agree that employee representation is necessary and worthwhile. The IAMAW is more effective in performing representational duties, followed by the fire fighters' associations and the various police associations. All three groups agree that members should support their association or union; however, IAMAW members disagree that employees be required to join. This is somewhat surprising considering union security sentiments. Police and fire fighters are not sure whether collective bargaining or strike rights are sufficient to balance their power in labor and management relations. Some recommendations are made as to the treatment of public sector unions under the law in the state of Texas.
Attitudes of the Texas Film Industry Toward Film Studies Curriculum in Texas Institutions of Higher Learning
The problem with which this investigation is concerned is the ascertainment of the attitudes of members of the Texas film industry toward the film curriculum offered in Texas institutions of higher learning. Based on the findings the following conclusions have been reached. There is not a high regard overall for film-studies programs in Texas institutions of higher learning within the film industry. This may be overcome by an interaction of the professional film community as an active participant in curriculum planning and development. Of prime consideration should be an association of film schools coordinating programs in cooperation with the Texas Film Commission. An effective curriculum for film-studies education may be organized by utilization of learning modules. This plan would organize the learning experiences in a functional manner and would move toward involvement of a career nature.
An Attitudinal and Correlational Study of Mathematics Instructors Concerning Certain MAA-NCTM Recommendations and the Teaching of College Preparatory Mathematics Courses
The purpose of the study is to find answers to the following questions. 1. Is there a significant difference in any of the three simple pair-wise comparisons of the attitudes of the three groups of mathematics instructors of college preparatory courses toward teaching those courses? 2. Is there a significant difference in any of the three simple pair-wise comparisons of the attitudes of the three groups of mathematics instructors of college preparatory courses toward the MAA-NCTM recommendations? 3. Is there a significant correlation between the attitudes toward the MAA-NCTM recommendations and the attitudes toward teaching the college preparatory mathematics courses held by the mathematics instructors in each of the three groups? The data led to the conclusion that all three groups held the same favorable attitude toward teaching college preparatory mathematics courses. Also, there were no significant differences among the three groups' attitudes toward the MAA-NCTM recommendations. However, while no significant correlation was found for the high school instructors, there did exist a significant positive correlation between the two attitudes for each of the other two groups studied.
Celestial concomitants of human behavior
The objective of this dissertation is to provide a sensitive and replicable test of selected astrological hypotheses. One such testable astrological notion is the idea that the angular relationships between the heavenly bodies at a person's birth time are predictive of his or her personality traits. In this study a sample of 155 volunteers was administered the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16 PF) and a correlation between the frequencies for the subjects' four astrological aspects (sextiles, trines, squares, and opporitions) and the Q4 scale (Tension/Relaxation) of the 16PF was determined.
The Characteristics of Successful and Unsuccessful School Bond Election Campaigns in Texas, 1976-1977
The purposes of this study were to 1) compare the characteristics between the elections that were successful and unsuccessful; 2) identify the purpose of the school bond issue (demographic characteristics); 3) identify the financial resources and structure of the school districts (economic characteristics); 4) analyze the public relations and publicity techniques used in the school bond campaign (communications variables); 5) determine the degree of responsibility assumed by individuals and groups for the educational, building, and bond needs of the school districts (group involvement); 6) ascertain personal and professional information about the district superintendent as it related to voter influence in the bond campaign; 7) determine prior bond election experience. The major conclusions were that the trend of large or small eligible voter turnout was inconclusive, urban districts had more difficulty than rural or suburban districts in passing bond issues, and bond issues were passed mainly for new facilities. School districts with large assessed valuation per resident student had better results than others. The newspaper, "general talking it up," speakers, public meetings, and telephone committees were effective means of communication. The superintendent, board of education, faculty, principals, P.T.A., and lay groups assumed the most responsibility in the elections.
Child Rearing Attitudes, Perceived Parental Behavior Patterns, and Learning Disabilities in Adoptive and Natural Families
The problem of this study is to investigate the differences in perceived parental behavior patterns, child rearing attitudes, and learning disabilities in natural and adoptive families. The purposes of this study are to compare the child rearing attitudes of adoptive and natural parents, to compare the child's perception of parental behavior in adoptive and natural families, to discover if the two groups differ in their ability to predict their children's perceptions of parental behavior, and to investigate the incidence of learning disabilities among adoptive children. Findings indicate that significant differences exist between natural and adoptive parents as measured by the PAS and the CRPBI-R. Adoptive fathers are not as likely as natural fathers to feel it is impossible to change a child from his already determined way of behaving and believe parental or environmental influences to be more important than natural or inherent causations. The younger the child was at the time of adoption, the better the adoptive parents were able to predict what the child would report about parental discipline. Adoptive parents are also found to be more accepting of childhood behaviors and feelings and have more mutual trust and understanding of their children than are natural parents. There is not a significantly greater proportion of adopted children in Plan A than natural children.
The Choral-Orchestral Works of Hector Berlioz
In this study the choral-orchestral compositions produced by Hector Berlioz are examined in detail for characteristics of musical form, textual setting, and methods of scoring for chorus and orchestra. Reasons for the preponderance of the choral-orchestral medium in Berlioz' output are examined in two introductory chapters. The initial chapter concerns Berlioz' personal experiences as an observer, conductor, and critic of choral music, while the second is devoted to Parisian customs in regard to the choral-orchestral medium during the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Included in the historical chapter is a discussion of the haute-contre (high tenor or countertenor) voice preferred in French choruses of that period plus a short review of French orchestral practices, operatic choruses, the French Chapel, Parisian concert societies, and the Paris Conservatory. Especially important is the segment on revolutionary musical fetes which fostered grandiose compositions for chorus and instruments of extremely simple structure. Berlioz' sense of form was governed by his Gallic heritage and for this reason many critics have accused him of formlessness, when in fact his compositions invaribly revolve around a succinct formal plan, admirably executed. Berlioz added to the conservative French tradition which favored the strophe and the Rondeau (an unvarying refrain following disparate couplets) a decidedly learned and classical approach to music structuring; unfortunately, this unique combination of academic compositional techniques and Gallic forms has been a source of perplexity for analysts in search of traditional Germanic forms. Surprisingly, Berlioz makes frequent use of such complex compositional devices as augmentation, fugato, canon, pedal point, and even cantus firmus.
Cognitive control of induced pain: an analog comparison of four strategies
The specific purpose of the study was to determine the differential efficacy of three different multicompetent cognitive strategies in the control of an induced pain. An exploratory investigation was also conducted to determine the relationship of health locus of control, expectancy, compliance, and anxiety ratings with the variables of pain tolerance and subjective pain ratings.
Comparative Advertising as Corporate Strategy: An Investigation of Key United States Industries
This study is designed to examine comparative advertising as a viable advertising strategy in today's competitive business environment. Frequency and use of comparisons by the selected key industries and advertising agencies are investigated. Analysis is conducted to determine similarities and differences between firms who elect or avoid comparative advertising. Based on an analysis of the findings, certain conclusions are presented. The industry leader is not likely to use comparative advertising in most industries. Firms that are fourth or smaller in market share are most likely to use comparisons. However, the smallest firms, in terms of dollar sales volume, are least likely to use comparative advertising.
A comparative analysis of upper-middle management perceptions of leadership style and organizational climate among American corporations in the U.S., American subsidiaries in India, and local corporations in India in pharmaceutical, consumer goods, and heavy engineering industries
The purpose of the present study is to analyze the upper-middle management perceptions of leadership style and organizational climate among American corporations in the U. S., American subsidiaries in India, and local corporations in India in like industries. The selected industries in the sample were pharmaceutical, consumer goods, and heavy engineering.
A Comparative Study of School Climate and Leadership Behavior of Elementary and Secondary Principals
This study investigates the relationship between the school climate, as perceived by the professional staff, and specific leadership behavior, as reported by the school principals in a selected school district in the state of Washington, The purpose of the study is to determine the extent to which the leader behavior of the principal correlates with- the total school climate as well as with the individual factors comprising the school climate. There are no statistically significant relationships among the variables studied. The hypothesis that the higher the leadership skills of the principal the more beneficial would be the climate of the school is not supported. The results suggest that the school climate is independent of the leadership behavior of the principal. Since no difference was found when the factors of climate were considered cumulatively, the individual factors were analyzed for significance. The seven factors of climate, identified by James Tunney and James Jenkins from the CFK Ltd. School Climate Profile, were independent of the leadership ability of the principal.
A Comparison of Academic Performance and Selected School-Related Attitudes of Bused and Non-Bused White Students in Urban Elementary Schools
This study reports on an investigation of the effects of busing on the academic performance and selected school-related attitudes of white fourth- and fifth-grade students in urban elementary schools. The 900 subjects of this study included 169 fourth-grade bused white students, 298 fourth-grade non-bused white students, 189 fifth-grade bused white students, and 264 fifth-grade non-bused white students, all assigned to desegregated schools. Based on the findings of this study, the following conclusions were drawn. 1) When middle-class, white fourth-grade students are bused to desegregated schools similar to their neighborhood schools, they can be expected to sustain positive attitudes about school and self. 2) The achievement made by fourth-grade bused white students in desegregated schools can be anticipated to be equivalent to the achievement of non-bused white students in desegregated neighborhood schools. 3) When middle-class, white fifth-grade students are bused to desegregated schools similar to their neighborhood schools, they can be expected to sustain positive attitudes about school and self. 4) The achievement made by fifth-grade bused white students in desegregated schools can be anticipated to be equivalent to the achievement of non-bused white students in desegregated neighborhood schools. 5) The effects of busing on middle-class, white fourth- and fifth-grade students transported to environments similar to their former schools appear unrelated to school achievement and attitudinal factors toward school.
A Comparison of Short-Term Systematic Desensitization and Implosive Therapy under Therapeutic Level of Aspiration
Systematic desensitization and implosive therapy have surfaced as two of the primary behavioral therapy techniques to decrease phobic responses during the past decade. Although attempts have been made to compare the efficiency and effectiveness of these two techniques, results have been unclear because of the failure of researchers to duplicate the procedures as described by their respective originators. This experiment is designed to explore the joint effects of the therapies and level of therapeutic aspiration. A second objective, and a byproduct of the data produced in achieving the primary objective, was to analyze the goal discrepancy and attainment discrepancy scores accruing throughout the therapy sessions. Several hypotheses were advanced. Further analysis of the three criterion measures by means of ANOVA resulted in significant main sessions effects for each of the three independent analyses. Results suggest that all subjects, regardless of treatment subgroup, did make significant therapeutic gains in their approach scores, fear thermometer scores, and speed of approach scores from the first to the last session. Possible explanations for results were discussed. Furthermore, approach test absolute goal discrepancy, fear thermometer absolute goal discrepancy, approach test absolute attainment discrepancy, and fear thermometer absolute attainment discrepancy scores were calculated for all goal-setting subjects. Results from independent ANOVA suggest that the typical university student is able to make fairly accurate and consistent predictions concerning his future behavior, based on his past experiences.
A Comparison of the Effectiveness of Three Oral Language Systems in Improving the Receptive Language of Kindergarten Children
This study investigates the differences in receptive language of kindergarten children who are taught by different language systems. This study compares the effectiveness of the three most widely adopted oral language systems in the state of Texas. The systems used were (A) Alpha Time, (B) Beginning Readiness Kit; Beginning to Read, Write, and Listen Kits I and II, and (c) McMillan Series R, Bank Street, Threshold K. S. Analysis of variance techniques were used to analyze statistically pretest and posttest scores derived from the sample. The .05 level of significance was used throughout the statistical analyses for rejection or retention of the null hypotheses. Preliminary analysis of data determined no systematic bias for teacher variability or for within group variability. Hypotheses 1, 2, 3, and 5 were tested using a 2 x 3 analysis of covariance. The pretest was used as the covariant in this analysis. No statistically significant differences in the classroom mean scores were determined between teaching methods, teaching methods with only girls as subjects, teaching methods with only boys as subjects, and boys and girls. Hypothesis 4, concerning the pretest differences between boys and girls, was tested using a t-test for independent samples. No statistically significant differences were found. From the findings several conclusions can be drawn. The receptive language of kindergarten children can be expected to improve when taught by any of the three selected oral language systems. Boys do not need different oral language experiences from girls; therefore the sex of the children need not be a major consideration when an oral language system is selected. Other factors which need not be major considerations in the selection of an oral language system are the race and socioeconomic level of the children.
A comparison of the effects of electromyographic biofeedback on muscular tension in selected personality states from the Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory
This investigation was concerned with the effects of electromyographic biofeedback on the muscular tension of patients diagnosed in a particular personality state. These personality traits were manic, agitated, depressed, and a comparison group.
A Comparison of Three Techniques of Teaching Literature: Silent Reading, Readers Theatre and Video-Tape Readers Theatre
The problem of this study was a comparison of the responses of students to three techniques of teaching literature. From this comparison, the most effective technique of teaching literature was identified. The three techniques selected for the study were silent reading, Readers Theatre, and videotape Readers Theatre. These three techniques were compared on achievement and attitude response. Effectiveness of each technique was examined by noting each grade level and the pooled-technique effectiveness scores. Also, black and white video-tape scores were examined in comparison to scores from the presentation of color video-tape. The analysis of data revealed that Readers Theatre resulted in significantly higher mean scores on attitude-scale tests than either of the other two techniques. The teaching technique of silent reading produced significantly higher mean comprehension scores than did either Readers Theatre or black and white video-tape, although Readers Theatre resulted in higher mean comprehension scores than did black and white video-tape. Silent reading produced a higher mean score than did black and white video-tape on the attitude-scale tests. Since silent reading produced significantly higher scores on comprehension of literature, it was concluded that silent reading is the most effective method for achieving comprehension. However, it was also concluded that Readers Theatre is of importance in the domain of attitude and affect. This study isolated Readers Theatre as the most effective teaching technique for attitude response toward literature.
A Comparison of Two Models for Training Personnel for Teaching the Moderately and Severely Retarded
The problem of this study is the effect of two training models on personnel who teach moderately and severely retarded children. The subjects of this study were sixty-two staff members who work with the moderately and severely retarded pupils in two large metropolitan school systems. Eighteen teachers, eighteen aides, and twenty-six volunteers participated in the study. Two observation instruments administered by trained observers were used as pre- and post-tests to measure the trainees' competencies in applying operant conditioning techniques in both group and one-to-one instructional situations. The purposes of this study were (1) to compare the effectiveness of an experiential model and a didactic model in preparing personnel to deliver cues and reinforcers when working with moderately and severely retarded children; (2) to compare the costs of equipment and supervisory personnel; and (3) to examine the relationship between the trainees' effectiveness of delivering cues and reinforcers to a group of moderately and severely retarded youngsters and the on-task behavior of those students. This report concludes that the trainees' self-evaluation of the training models indicated that they prefer simulated techniques and feedback, which denotes that the Experiential Model may foster certain kinds of incidental learning such as physical mannerisms and visual cues. The Experiential Model was superior in teaching trainees to cue in a one-to one teaching situation.
Components of Life Satisfaction of Older Texans: A Multidimensional Model
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between majority and ethnic status and life satisfaction. Several studies have examined the relationship between race and life satisfaction. The comparisons have been between Anglos and Blacks, and no previous research has included Anglos, Blacks, and Mexican-Americans in studying the effect of majority and ethnic status on life satisfaction. The findings suggest that multidimensional models are feasible to measure life satisfaction of elderly individuals of different racial or ethnic groups. Furthermore, on the basis of this study future research should include the variable, transportation, in any multivariate analysis of life satisfaction.
Criteria and procedures used in the selection of high school principals in selected Texas school districts
The problem of this study was to determine the criteria and procedures used by superintendents of selected public high schools districts in Texas in the selection of high school principals. This study had two main purposes : (1) to ascertain criteria and procedures that the superintendents of selected public school districts of Texas are using in the selection of high school principals, and (2) to make recommendations to improve the selecting of high school principals.
Crossing the colorline: three decades of the United Packinghouse Workers of America's crusade against racism in the Trans-Mississippi West, 1936-1968
This study examines the role of southern black union workers in the struggle against racism in the United Packinghouse Workers America's activities in the Trans Mississippi region of Texas, Oklahoma, Louisiana, Arkansas, New Mexico and south Kansas.
Cultural perspectives of the adult reading problem in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
This philosophical-descriptive dissertation makes a detailed analysis of the background and problems of the adult literacy program in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and proposes recommendations for improvement of this program. The purpose of the study is to describe and critically analyze the Islamic religious tradition, Saudi Arabian social structure, the roles of Saudi Arabian men and women, the role of nomads in Saudi society, usage of Classical and modern Arabian dialects, current instructional materials and media used in adult literacy education and current educational resources, finance and personnel.
A Descriptive Study of Returning Student Services and Programs in Public Four-Year Colleges and Universities in the United States
Since the end of World War II, the number of returning college students aged twenty-five years or older has increased so rapidly in American colleges and universities that college administrators, either through lack of interest and understanding or through failure to function as proactive change agents, have not kept pace with the needs of older student populations. In recent years, as enrollment among traditional younger students has declined, enrollment among mature returning students has grown to the extent that they presently constitute more than a third of all college and university students in the United States. As a result of findings obtained in the study, the following recommendations are offered for consideration; (1) institutions of higher learning should place major emphasis upon development of Services and Programs for Returning Students; (2) colleges and universities should give greater priority to orientation program(s) for returning students; (3) returning students should be given credit for life experience and independent learning; (4) financial resources for returning student services should be standardized as line items in the institution's budget; (5) existing programs should be evaluated in order to determine their effectiveness; and (6) a follow-up study should be conducted in five years to provide statistical data for trend analysis.
The Development and Testing of an Instrument to Evaluate Aesthetic Judgments
This study was concerned with the development and testing of an instrument to measure levels of aesthetic judgement making. The review of evaluation methods for aesthetic judgement resulted in a two-part instrument. The review of related literature demonstrated that the majority of instruments for aesthetic judgment employed a naive to sophisticated judgment comparison to determine levels of aesthetic sensitivity. The inadequacy of a score reporting only the degree of agreement between the subject's choice and the choice of a panel of experts without indicating the source agreement was discussed. Content analysis of aesthetic responses used in research studies by Wilson and Morris were presented as an alternative means for determining aesthetic criteria. Part one required the subject to select the better of two art works and to state the reasons for the choice. Part two, a self-scoring component, consisted of the Wilson categories presented as typical statements containing the primary criterion for the category. The subject was instructed to select the statements that were closest in meaning to his initial response.
The development of a generic role description and the delineation of guidelines and procedures for evaluation of the university supervisor of student teaching
This investigation was designed to delineate the role of the university supervisor and to develop guidelines and procedures for evaluating the effectiveness of the university supervisor of student teachers. The specific purposes of the study were to compose a generic role description of the university supervisor, to define general guidelines that may be utilized to develop procedures for the evaluation of the university supervisor, and to define specific procedures that may be utilized at North Texas State University, Denton, Texas for the evaluation of the university supervisor.
Development of an instrument for evaluating teachers training college faculty performance in Bangkok, Thailand
The objective of this investigation is the development of an instrument for use by administrators, faculty members, and students in teachers training colleges in Bangkok, Thailand for the measurement and evaluation of the total requirements, responsibilities, and activities of faculty members. The purpose of this study is to develop a valid and reliable instrument for evaluating faculty performance effectiveness, as a means of improving instruction and learning, and as a standard for faculty promotion in Bangkok's teachers training colleges.
The Development of Form in the German Organ Sonata from Mendelssohn to Rheinberger, a Lecture Recital, Together with Three Recitals of Selected Works of J. S. Bach, D. Buxtehude, V. Lübeck, L. Sowerby, M. Dupré, M. Reger and Others
The lecture recital was given February 16, 1976. A discussion of the development of form in the German organ sonata from Mendelssohn to Rheinberger was presented. A performance of representative sonatas by Mendelssohn and Rheinberger was included with the lecture. Two solo recitals and one chamber recital were presented as public recitals in addition to the lecture recital. The first solo recital, on July 2, 1970, included works of Buxtehude, Roger-Ducasse, Bach, and Sowerby. The chamber recital, given with Betty Lambert, soprano, on July 31, 1973, consisted of works by Bach, Pepping, Pinkham, Reger, and Bornefeld. The second solo recital, on April 17, 1978, included works by Lubeck, Balbastre, Bach, Mathias, Karg-Elert, and Dupré. All four programs, recorded on magnetic tape, are filed, along with the written version of the lecture material, in the North Texas State University library.
The differential effects of biofeedback/relaxation training on elderly people
The problem with which this investigation is concerned is that of determining the effect of Biofeedback and/or Relaxation training on psycho-physical measures related to older persons' manifestations of stress. This is accomplished by assessing the differential outcomes obtained from using biofeedback plus relaxation with one group of subjects and relaxation training only with another group of subjects.
The dynamics of change in the urban structure of three Puerto Rican cities, 1960-1970
A dominating theme in current comparative community research is the investigation of changes in the urban structure of developing nations. The central concern is to determine if changes occurring in cities of developing countries are similar in nature to those experienced by cities in presently developed nations, particularly the United States.
Eckart frame motions and molecular vibrations
This dissertation deals with motions of the Eckart frame in relation to molecular vibrations. The angular motion and the angular acceleration of the Eckart frame are treated. A technique for taking the first and second differentials of real symmetric eigenvalue problems is developed. This technique is applied to the first differential of the Eckart frame matrix.
The Effect of an Introductory Economics Course on Liberalism/Conservatism
The problem with which this investigation is concerned is that of determining the differential impact of an introductory economics course on the liberalism/conservatism of students, as compared to an introductory course in sociology or psychology. In addition, the study seeks to determine whether a significant relationship exists between a course in microeconomics and student conservatism. The source of data is the pre- and posttest class means of the scores on the Rokeach Opinionation Scale, measuring liberalism/conservatism. Chapter Five contains the conclusion that there is a significant difference between postmean scores on liberalism/conservatism of the students in economics and those in sociology or psychology. Also, an introductory course in microeconomics produces significantly different mean gains in student conservatism, as measured by the Opinionation Scale/compared to mean gains in an introductory course in sociology or psychology. A nonhypothesized relationship emerged between teacher attitude and student posttest mean scores on the Opinionation Scale.
The Effect of Biofeedback Induced Physiological Arousal and Therapeutic Instructions on Indices of Test Anxiety and Test Performance
This study was concerned with determining the effect of two levels of electromyogram (EMG) induced physiological arousal and therapeutic instructions on self-reported test anxiety, test performance, and on-task behavior. The rationale for such a study is the fact that treatments of test anxiety have presented inconsistent results. Little research has been undertaken with regard to the effect of EMG biofeedback as a treatment for test anxiety or non-specific effects associated with such a treatment. Results indicated that self-reported test anxiety was significantly higher (p<.05) under the high physiological arousal condition than under the low physiological arousal condition and that self-reported on-task behavior was significantly greater (p < .05) for the positive therapeutic instruction group. Physiological arousal levels did not have any significant effect upon test performance or self-reported on-task behavior. Also, therapeutic instructions did not have a significant effect on self-reported test anxiety or test performance. The results indicated a cognitive change with regard to test anxiety which was not reflected in test performance. Also, on-task behavior did not enhance test performance
Effect of Classical Conditioning and Semantic Generalization of Noxious Stimulation on the Ratio of Speech Dysfluencies of Normal Speakers
The present study investigated a theory of the etiology and generalization of stuttering behavior. The subjects were 24 male students at a medical center who responded to advertisements requesting participation in a research project on learning and heart rate. The age range of the subjects was 22-28 years, and the mean age was 22.8 years. Three stimulus topic words were used in the present study. Two of these words were semantically equivalent. The independent variables were the three words that the subjects were instructed to discuss: neutral word condition, experimentally induced noxious word condition, and word semantically equivalent to the noxious word condition. The six dependent measures were percentage of part-word repetitions, percentage of interjections, heart-rate beats per minute, electromyographic microvolts per minute, galvanic skin response ohms conductance per minute, and self-report ratings of "state" anxiety. As predicted, heart rate and a self-report "state" anxiety measure achieved significance in a pattern corresponding to part-word repetitions. Two other measures of state anxiety (galvanic skin response and frontalis electromyographic activity) did not reach significance, although the results were in the predicted direction. The theory that "trait" anxiety accounts for susceptibility of fluency failure under emotional stress was not confirmed. The hypothesis offered here (that part-word repetitions generalize along a semantic dimension) received only tentative support. Discussion of the results centered around the demonstration in the present study of the need for multifaceted treatments tailored to the individual learning histories of specific stuttering behaviors, as well as molecular assessments of stuttering prior to treatment.
The Effect of Two Levels of Noise, Two Types of Noise, and Anxiety on Student Performance of a Coding Task
This study dealt with the effect of low-level noise and high-level noise, of white noise and varied noise, and of high manifest anxiety and low manifest anxiety on college students' performance on a coding task. The conclusions of the study, based upon the hypotheses, were as follows: 1. Level of anxiety does not affect performance on a coding task. 2. The level of white and level of varied noise does not affect performance on a coding task. 3. Varied noise has a positive effect on performance on a coding task.
The Effects of Progressive Relaxation Instructions on College Students' Performance on a Paired-Associate Learning Task
The problem of this study was to compare performances of college students given relaxation instructions and those not given those instructions on a paired-associate learning task. The results indicated that relaxation instructions alone produced a decrement in recall. When subjects received relaxation instructions as well as the suggestion that relaxation enhances learning, the decrement did not occur. Thus, situational demand characteristics appeared to be a significant variable in determining what effect relaxation instructions had on recall.
Effects of Reality Therapy on Teacher Attitudes, Student Attitudes, Student Achievement, and Student Behavior
This study investigated whether Reality Therapy classroom management techniques could be used effectively to improve teacher attitudes, student attitudes, student achievement, and student classroom behavior. The findings of the study support the following conclusions. 1. Reality Therapy inservice education and implementation of Reality Therapy Teaching techniques in classrooms produce significant changes in the way teachers regard student discipline. 2. implementation of Reality Therapy practices in junior high classrooms produces positive changes in attitude toward school environment. 3. Implementation of Reality Therapy techniques in junior high classrooms does not seem to be effective in producing changes in student attitude toward self. 4. Implementation of Reality Therapy techniques in junior high classrooms can be effective in producing higher student grade point averages. 5. Reality Therapy techniques in junior high classrooms are not effective in producing lower rates of student misbehavior.
Electric Dichroism Spectroscopy in the Vacuum Ultraviolet
When a molecule, which possess a permanent dipole moment is exposed to an intense electric field, its absorption spectrum may be altered. These alterations are manifest as shifts in energy and as changes in band shape and intensity. The electric dichroism of absorption bands can be used to probe the excited state that is formed when a molecule undergoes a transition. The properties that may be investigated include transition polarization, excited state dipole moment and mean polarizability, and field-induced mixing of symmetrically equivalent excited states. The theoretical model and experimental devices that have been developed to determine these properties are presented and discussed. The data, taken in total, and its combination with other existing evidence, adds credence to the assignment of the second excited singlet of aldehydes and ketones to be extravalent, accompanied by relatively large delocalization of electronic charge, and polarized in-planiie and perpendicularly to the C-0 axis.
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